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1、高中英语高考英语动词时态和语态专项练习带答案单项选择题(精选试题-名师出品)Tomorrow my birthday. Kd like you and Jane to come.Im not sure if she free.A. will be; isB. is going to; isC. is; isD. is; will be答案:D 解析: 考查时态。句意:一一明天是我的生日,我希望你和Jane能来。一一我不确定她是否有空。第一空是表示不以人的意志为转移的客观事实,应用一般现在时;第二空是表示将来的动作,应用一般将来时。应选D项。2、Are you still busy?Yes, I
2、 my work, and it wont take long.A. finishB. am finishingC. have finishedD. finished答案:B 解析: 考查时态。小提小:句意:一一你还在忙吗?一一是的,我马上就要完成我的工作,时间不会太长。这里用现在进行时表示将来时。应选Bo3、 Look! Its getting cloudy. Km sure it.A. rainsB. is going to rainC. is rainingD. was rainingA. shallB. shouldC. mustD. will答案:D解析:考查情态动词辨析。句意:一一
3、妈妈,小雷又弄坏了他的玩具。一一没事的,你看,意外总会发生。A. shall 将要,会;B. should应当;C.must必须;D.will总是。Will可以表示习惯,意思为“惯于,总是。故D选项 正确。小提示:will/would是情态动词,其表达的意思如下。表示意志或意愿:决心,愿意,好吗?We will do our best to save the child.我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。I told her to stop crying, but she just wouldnt listen.我叫她别哭,可她就是不愿听。注:表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时,用Would you?比用W
4、ill you?更婉转。如:Will/Would you please keep the door open?请让门开着好吗?Will/Would you go with me?你愿意和我一起去吗?表示真理或习惯:惯于,总是。如:Oil will float on water.油总是浮在水面上。She will listen to music alone in her room for hours.她单独在房间里听音乐,一听往往就是几小时。He would get up early when he lived in the country.他住在乡下时总是早起。表示要求:一定,必须。如:You
5、 will report to me afterward.你稍后一定要向我报告。表示猜想:可能,大概。如:This will be the house youre looking for.这大概就是你找的那所房子了。(5)表不功能:能。如:10This auditorium will/would seat one thousand people.这个礼堂能容纳千人分析句子可知,本句中的will表示习惯,意思为惯于,总是且符合语境。故D选项正确。27、 David, you look sick. Whats wrong with you?I have a bad headache and I t
6、o see the doctor right now.A. wentB. will goC. am going toD. go答案:B解析:考查时态。句意:一一大卫,你看起来不舒服。你怎么了?一一我头痛得厉害,立刻就去看医生。分析语境 “David头痛要立马去看医生可知,go to see the doctor这个动作还未发生要用一般将来时;因为go to see the doctor这个动作在此语境中是客观上将要发生的事情且未经事先计划,所以用will do, be going tod。用于主 观判断且经过计划的事情,不合语境。应选B项。小提示:will和be going to do表将来的
7、用法:1) .在表示将来发生的事情时。w川那么多用于客观的情况,即客观上将要发生的事情;be going t。do用于主观 判断,及说话人主观上计划或安排将要去做的事情。2) .可表示说话人按照他的意图将要发生或进行的动作时。w川表示没有经过事先计划或考虑,而是在说话的 当时临时想到的意图或临时作出的决定;be going to do表示经过事先考虑好的意图。如在此题中,go to see the doctor这个动作是没有经过事先计划或考虑,临时想到的意图,客观上将要发生的动作,所以用will d。形 式。应选B项。28 Uncle Wang is in hospital.Oh, reall
8、y? I. I go and visit her.A. didnt know; am going toB. hadnt known; wouldC. havent known; willD. didnt know; will答案:D11解析: 考查时态。根据句子,我不知道王叔叔在医院里,是过去不知道,所以要用一般过去时态,第一空用didntI go and visit her是说我现在打算去看她,am going to表示计划,打算做某事,w川表个人意愿,现在是说话时打算去看,而不是提前计划好的,所以用will,选D。29、一Did you tell Julia about the resul
9、t?-Oh, no, I forgot. I her now.A. will be callingB. will callC. am going to callD. am to call答案:B解析:考查时态。一一你告诉朱丽亚结果了吗?一一哦,不,我忘了,我现在就给她打 。根据语境可知,我忘了 给Julia打 ,我现在马上就打,这是一个将来时的句子,“will+动词原形”可以表示临时性决定或打算做某 事。应选B。30、Could you tell me where you found Miss Gao just now?Certainly. In the principals office.
10、They happily at that time.A. are talkingB. have talkedC. were talking答案:c解析:考查过去进行时。句意你可以告诉我你刚才在哪里找到高老师的吗? 当然,在校长办公室,他们那时正高 兴地交谈。由句意以及where you found可知那时正在高兴地谈话,用过去进行时。应选C。31、The thief tried to break away from the policeman who him but failed.A. heldB. had heldC. would holdD. was holding答案:D解析:12 考查
11、动词时态。句意:小偷试图从抓住他的警察手中逃跑,但失败了。根据语境可知,此处定语从句表示过 去某个时刻动作正在进行,应用过去进行时。应选D。32 Why not go out to play with them?Sorry. I havent finished my homework yet, I my mother in the kitchen all day yesterday.A. have been helpingB. had helpedC. was helpingD. had been helping答案:c解析:考查动词时态。句意:一一为什么不跟他们出去玩了?一一对不起,我作业还
12、没做完。我昨天一天都在厨房帮 妈妈。结合句意和时间状语all day yesterday可知,句子描述的是过去某一时间正在进行的动作,用过去进行 时态;空白处做句子的谓语、主语是I,应选C。33、 Hey! Everyone in the office was at the dinner party in honor of Mr. Charles except you. What happened?I after Mike, my colleague. He was badly ill.A. have lookedB. was lookingC. would lookD. had looked
13、答案:B解析:考查过去进行时。句意:一一嘿!除了你,办公室里的每个人都参加了查尔斯先生的晚宴。怎么搞的?一一我 在照顾我的同事迈克。他病得很重。根据What happened可知,此处是指过去其他人正在参加晚宴时回答者 正在照顾同事迈克,所以应用过去进行时。应选B。34、 -Why didnt you see me wave to you then?-Oh, If so. I must say sorry. I think I in the other direction.A. lookedB. was lookingC. have lookedD. am looking答案:B13解析: 试
14、题分析:考查代词时态。句意:你为什么没和我们招手呢?对不起,那时我一定是正在朝另一个方向看呢。根据句意强调刚才的某一时刻,应该用过去进行时,所以B正确。考点:考查35、 Doctor Li is one of the best surgeons in Shanghai.Definitely. And they say that he Western Medicine in New York for five years.A. studiedB. has been studyingC. was studyingD. had studied答案:A解析:试题分析:考查动词时态。上句:在上海李医生是
15、最好的外科医生之一。下句:当然了。他们说他在纽约学 习了五年西医。学习五年与现在无关,只是在讲过去一个事实,所以用一般过去时态,应选A。考点:考查动词时态I first met Tom 2 years ago. At that time he for a job interview.A. is preparingB. has preparedC. will prepareD. was preparing答案:D解析:考查动词时态。句意:我第一次遇见汤姆是在两年前。那时他正在准备一个工作面试。根据上文I first metTom 2 years ago. At that time可知表示过去某时
16、刻或某阶段正在发生的动作,应用过去进行时。应选Do37、Did you hear the noise downstairs this afternoon? What was that?Yes. I forgot to tell you. A new machine then.A. has testedB. had testedC. was testedD. was being tested14答案:D 解析: 考查谓语。句意:一你今天下午听到楼下的噪音了吗?那是什么啊?一是的。我忘了告诉你了。一台新机器 当时正在被检测。根据句子结构和意思可知,时间状语then表示在那时,主语A new mac
17、hine和动词test 是被动关系,所以这里考查过去进行时的被动语态结构,而且be动词要用第三人称单数形式。应选D。38 Mary, you didnt answer me when I called you just now.Sorry, I to my teacher on the phone.A. was talkingB. talkedC. would talkD. had talked答案:A 解析: 考查动词时态。句意:一一玛丽,我刚才给你打 时你没有接。一一对不起,我正在和老师通 。表示过去的某一个时间点正在做某事应用过去进行时,本句表示给我打 的时候我正在和老师通话,应选A。3
18、9、 John in his room when he heard screaming.A. is studyingB. studiedC. was studyingD. has studied答案:C 解析: 考查时态。句意:约翰正在房间里学习,突然听到一声尖叫。此处为句型sb.be doing sth. when,表示某人正在做某事,突然”,根据后文heard可知空处使用过去进行时,应选C。40、一Hi, Dave. This is Helen speaking!一Hi, what a coincidence! I about you.A. was just thinkingB. just
19、 thoughtC. have just thoughtD. would just think答案:A15解析: 试题分析:考查时态:句意:-你好,Dave,我是海伦。-你好,真是巧合!我刚刚再想你。从句意看,是打 之前正在想到海伦,用过去进行时,选A。考点:考查时态The students busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she in the office.A. had written; leftB. were writing; has leftC. had written; had leftD. were writing; had lef
20、t答案:D 解析: 考查时态。句意:当布朗小姐去取落在办公室的书的时候,学生们正忙于写作业。第一空用过去进行时,第 二空用过去完成时。应选D。42、My phone rang while Ithe film My People, My Coun try.A. seeB. was seeingC. am seeingD. would see答案:B 解析: 考查时态。句意:当我在看电影我和我的祖国时,我的 响了。由主句谓语动词rang可知,空处谓语 动词需用过去的时态,结合句意可知,空处需用过去进行的时态:was/were doing,表示过去正在进行的动作, 主语是第一人称单数I,所以be动词
21、需用was。应选B。43、 Will you please repeat your idea?Of course. But I think it is certain that you your attention.A. werent payingB. hadnt paidC. arent payingD. dont pay答案:A16解析:考查时态。句意:一你能重复一下你的观点吗?一当然可以,可是我认为刚才你没有注意。本句使用过去进 行时表示刚才对方说明观点的时候,你并没有注意;强调过去某段时间里正在进行的事情,使用要过去进行 时。故A项正确。44、How was the concert l
22、ast night?It was good, but the people behind me the whole time.A. are talkingB. were talkingC. had talkedD. have talked答案:B解析:考查时态。句意:一一昨晚的音乐会怎么样?一一很好,但我身后的人一直在说话。此题是两人正在谈话,谈 论的是last night (昨晚)发生的事情,与过去时间相关,the whole time全部时间(自始至终)提示在某一时间 段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作,要用进行时,二者合并考虑,用过去进行时,应选B。小提示:当做单项选择题的情境对话类型
23、题时,选择项所在的后句是承接前句话的,要在前句话中寻找相关的时间状语做 为选择的依据,此题中前句的last night给出了明确的时间,说明两人在讨论的是过去发生的事情,据此再在 选择项所在句中进一步判定时态即可。45 Hi, Peter. Why didnt you go to the cinema last night?I the popular show Running Man with my family.A. was watchingB. have watchedC. would watchD. had watched答案:A解析:考查动词时态。句意:一一嗨,Peter,你昨晚怎么没
24、有去看电影呢? 一一我昨晚和我的家人一起看热门节目 Running Mano根据时间状语last night和句意可知,此处应用过去进行时,表示在过去某一时间段内正在进行17的动作。应选A项。46 Susan had quit her well-paid job and as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked答案:B解析:考查时态。句意:Susan已经辞去了高薪的工作。去年当我探望她的时候,她正在一个
25、社区里做志愿者。Susan辞职发生在她当志愿者之前,had quit是过去完成时态,过去完成时态通俗的说就是过去的过去,且 结合时间状语when I visited her last year可知,Susan做志愿者是过去的某个时间段发生的情况,故该空应用 过去进行时态。B选项正确。点睛:过去进行时表示在过去某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。47、 I saw Jane and her sister in the park at eight yesterday evening.Impossible. She TV with me in my home then.A. had
26、watchedB. was watchingC. would watchD. watched答案:B解析:试题分析:句意:昨晚八点我看见Jane和她的姐姐了。不可能。那个时候,她正在我家和我一起看电视那。 过去某个时间正在发生的事,用过去进行时was watching。综上可知选B。考点:考查动词的时态在语境中的运用。48 Her parents her to be a teacher, but she made up her mind to be a painter.A. have intendedB. were to intendC. were intendingD. intend18答案
27、:c解析:考查时态。句意:她父母原先想让她当教师,可是她下定决心要当画家。根据语境可知,此处表示按计划安 排过去将要发生的动作,过去的预想,应用过去进行时。应选C。49 Conditions were getting worse and time, so the boss had to make a quick decision.A. was running outB. had run outC. was run outD. had been run out答案:A解析:考查时态。句意:情况越来越糟,时间不多了,所以老板必须迅速做出决定。根据上文Conditions weregetting w
28、orse可知,表示时间正在耗尽,应用过去进行时,run out没有被动语态。应选A。50、Alice had graduated from university and as a volunteer in the countryside when I contacted her last year.A. has been workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked答案:B解析:考查过去进行时。句意:当我去年联系Alice的时候,她已经从大学毕业,正在社区当一名志愿者。此处当一 名志愿者是指在我去拜访她时正在发生的动作,所以应用过去进行时。应选
29、B。小提示:过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。由was/were + 现在分词构成。过去进行时的时间状语1). when和while引导的状语从句中,强调某个动作正在进行的过程中时要用进行时态,while表示一段时间, 因此它所引导的状语从句中,谓语动词常用进行时态,如:19答案:B解析:试题分析:考查时态。句意:看!多云了,我确定将要下雨。将要下雨表示的是将要进行的动作,用一般将 来时。应选B。考点:考查时态4、If you are to take up the challenge of ice bucket,.A. I do eitherB.
30、 so will IC. Iw川 soD. so do I答案:B解析:考查时态和局部倒装。句意:如果你要参加冰桶挑战,我也要。so+助动词+主语,是指某人也这样,另S0+ 主语+助动词表强调,根据前半句are to是指将,故后句也要用将来的时态,用助动词will,应选B项。5、Did you tell Julia about the result?Oh, no, I forgot. I her now.A. am going to callB. will callC. callD. am to call答案:B解析:考查时态。句意:一一你告诉茱莉亚结果了吗?一一我忘记了,我现在马上给她打 。
31、此处表示将来的动作 应用一般将来时,且be going to do和be to do是指计划好去做的事;will do sth.表示说话人说话时临时做出的 决定。结合语境可知此处是临时做出的决定,应用will do。应选B。6、 In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they.A. have survivedB. are to surviveC. would surviveD. will surviveWhen/While we were having supper, the light went out.我们正
32、在吃饭时灯熄灭了。2). when用作并列连词时,主句常用进行时态,从句那么用一般过去时,表示主句动作发生的过程中,另一个 意想不到的动作发生了。表示(这时)突然之意时,第一个并列分句用过去进行时,when引导的并列分句 用一般过去时。如:I was taking a walk when I met him.我正在散步,突然遇见了他。We were playing outside when it began to rain.我们正在外边玩,这时下起雨来了。51、Becky took a photo of her friends while they computer games.A. play
33、B. are playingC. were playingD. have played答案:c解析:句意:Becky给她的朋友照了一张相当他们正玩电脑游戏时。when引导的从句表示主从句的动作同时发生, 从句用进行时,或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前,主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时。while引导的从句表 示当过程中,主句动作在从句动作发生的过程中发生,从句一般用进行时。该句强调在玩电脑的过程中 照的相。事情发生在过去,故用过去进行时态,所以选C.52Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?一 No, I my homework all day yesterday
34、.A. was doingB. would doC. had doneD. do答案:A解析:考查时态。句意:-你读完简爱了吗?一没有,昨天一整天我正在做作业。根据all day yesterday可知,做 作业是过去进行时。故A。小提示:53、-Remember how we met for the first time, Dick?20-Of course I do. You to the teachers office hurriedly and me.A. had walked; werent noticingB. were walking; didnt noticeC. had be
35、en walking; noticedD. walked; had noticed答案:B解析:试题分析:考查时态。句意:一还记得我们第一次是怎么样见面的吗?一当然记得。当时你正匆忙地走向教 师办公室,没有注意到我。根据句意是指我们第一次见面这个过去的时间点所发生的事情,故使用过去进行 时的形式。故B正确。考点:考查时态点评:要根据上下文的句意和关键词来选择合适的时态。此题是根据上下文的句意说明我们第一次见面这个 过去的时间点所发生的事情,故使用过去进行时的形式。54、 He insisted that he from heart trouble, but I didnt think so.A
36、. should sufferB. has sufferedC. suffersD. was suffering答案:D解析:试题分析:考查动词的时态。insist作坚决要求、一定要,其宾语从句常用与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,即 should+动词原形,其中should可以省略。insist作坚持说、坚持认为时,用陈述语气。此处insist作坚持说讲故 D正确考点:考查动词的时态55、 I hoped Tina to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.A. to comeB. is comingC. will comeD. was comi
37、ng答案:D21解析:考查时态。句意:我希望蒂娜下周三能准时来参加我的生日聚会。动词hoped后接宾语从句(Tina tomy birthday party on time the next Wednesday),宾语从句的主句是过去的时态,从句要使用相应的过去的时 态;宾从的时间状语为the next Wednesday,本应用过去将来时,但表示位移的动词如come, leave等用进行 时(be doing)结构表将来,所以此处用过去进行时(was/were doing)表将来。应选D项。56 Jane, I rang you up last night but nobody answer
38、ed.Oh, I, together with my parents,walks in the park then.A. have takenB. was takingC. were takingD. had taken答案:B解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一一Jane,我昨晚给你打 但是没人接。一一我和我父母那时正在公园散步。 根据last night以及then可知,空格处要用过去进行时,together with连接并列主语时,谓语动词与前面的主 语保持一致,由于主语是I,因此要用was taking。应选B。57 Dick his previous job and as a volu
39、nteer on the mountain bend when the journalist interviewedhim.A. quit; was workingB. had quit; was workingC. would quit; workedD. quit; had worked答案:B解析:考查过去完成时与过去进行时。句意:当记者采访Dick的时候,他已经辞去了原来的工作并正在mountain bend做一名志愿者。这是一个时间状语从句,从句使用的时态是一般过去时,根据句意可知,辞去原来的工 作应该发生在从句表示的动作之前,在做一名志愿者应该是从句动作发生时Dick正在处的状态。
40、所以第一个 空格使用过去完成时,第二个动作使用过去进行时。应选B。小提示:22 当一个句子中的时间状语是通过从句形式给出时,我们分析主句动作的时态时需要将主句中动作的发生时间 与从句中动作发生时间进行先后比拟。例如此题中,首先要明确从句)将时间限制在一般过去时,主句中两 个动作与其比照,都表示到过去那一刻动作的状态是什么样的,分别选用过去的时态。根据句意,到采访那 一刻,Dick已经辞去了工作,正在做一名志愿者,所以选用的是过去完成时与过去进行时。58、 I didnt take notes at yesterdays meeting because I had left my pen at
41、home.You mine. I it.A. must have borrowed; wasnt usingB. may have borrowed; wasn/t usingC. should have borrowed; hadnt usedD. could have borrowed; wasnt using答案:D解析:考查情态动词及时态。一一因为我把钢笔落家了,所以昨天的会议,我没有记笔记。一一你本可以借我的笔。 我那时没用笔。根据句意可知,答句是对过去的推测,表示你本可以向我借笔,但是没有,故用could have borrowed;我能借给你笔用,是因为当时我没在用笔,故用过去进
42、行时,应选D。59 -Why were you not at the concert last night?-I a close game between Seattle and Miami.A. watchedB. had watchedC. have been watchingD. was watching答案:D解析:试题分析:考查时态。句意:-为什么你没有参加昨晚的音乐会?-我看了西雅图和迈阿密的一场激烈的比赛。 说明是昨晚音乐会的时间正在看比赛,用过去进行时表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作。选D。考点:考查时态Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Van
43、ity Fair all day. Could you speak to her now?A. phonesB. has phoned23C. has been phoningD. phoned答案:C解析:考查时态。句意:打搅了,玛西亚,一位来自Vanity Fair的记者打了一天的 ,你现在能接她的 了吗? 根据语境及时间状语all day可知, 从过去一直持续到现在,所以用现在完成进行时。应选C。61、My friends from the mainland to me that they find the citys subway cars are too old compared w
44、ithwhat they pay for subways in Beijing.A. complainedB. is complainingC. was complainingD. have been complaining答案:D解析:考查时态语态。句意:我来自大陆的朋友一直在向我抱怨,他们发现城市里的地铁和他们在北京支付的地铁 相比太老了。句中应该使用现在进行时与宾语从句中are保持一致,使用现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性 和反复性。故D项正确。小提示:此题考查了现在完成进行时的用法,具体用法归纳如下:(一)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。The Chinese
45、have been making paper for two thousand years.中国有2000年的造纸历史。(动作还将继续下去)(二)表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到,如同在 里说的,还会继续等)(三)有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。24They have been living in this city for ten years.They have lived in this city for ten years.他们在这个城市已经
46、住了 10年了。(动作还将继续下去)I have been working here for five years.I have worked here for five years.我在这里已经工作五年了。(动作还将继续下去)(四)大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。I have been writing a book.(动作还将继续下去)我一直在写一本书。I have written a book.(动作已经完成)我已经写了一本书。They have been building a bridge.他们一直在造一座桥。(动作还将继续下去)They have built a b
47、ridge.他们造了一座桥。(动作已经完成)(五)表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。I have known him for years.我认识他已经好几年了。* I have been knowing.这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love爱,like喜欢,hate讨厌,think想等等。(六)一些现在完成时的句子也与现在完成进行时的句子含义相同延续性动词在现在完成时与现在完成进行时时态中使用,句意相同。例如:She has slept for 6 hours and still cannot wake up.She has been sleeping for 6 hours and still cannot wake up,她已经睡了 6 个小时,到现在还没有醒来。(七)表示现在以前一直在进行的动作强调动作的未完成性It has been raining for 3 dayso已经下了 3天的雨了 (现在还没停止)62、 How disgusting the weather is! It for nearly a week.I dont like rainy