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1、高中英语高考英语名词知识点及典型例题带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）- What impressed you most during your stay in Britain?-I had the of meeting the Queen when she visited our school.A. treatyB. privilegeC. inspirationD. exploration答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一你在英国逗留期间印象最深的是什么？一一女王访问我们学校时，我有幸见到 了她。A.treaty 条约;B. privilege 特权,荣幸;C. inspira
2、tion 灵感；D. exploration 探测。have the privilege of doing sth 很荣幸做某事是固定短语。应选B项。2、Due the widespread of this medical technology, more diseases can be discovered and treated at anearly stage.A. approvals. applicationC. approachD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于这种医疗科技的广泛应用，更多的疾病可以在早期被发现和治疗。A. approval 赞成
3、，同意；B. application申请，应用；C.approach方式，方法；D. appreciation欣赏。由于医疗科技广泛应 用，疾病才可能在早期被发现和治疗，空处应用名词application,表示应用。应选B项。3、Lily, why dont join us for camping?Thank you, Jack. Its a very kind, but I have to finish my task.A. decisionB. promiseC. choiceD. offer答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一莉莉，为什么不和我们一起露营呢？一谢谢，杰克。这是一个很好
4、的提议，但 基础,基地；B.challenges挑战;C.benefits好处;D. strengths优点。结合句意可知,此处指保持冷静是她众多优点之一，strength符合题意。应选D。28 I have a strong for country life because it brings me peace in mind.A. benefitB. reliefC. preferenceD. defence答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对乡村生活有着强烈的喜好，因为它给我带来心灵的平和。A. benefit益处；B. relief慰藉；C.preference爱好，偏好；D.
5、defence防御。由because引导的原因状语从句内容推断，这是我 喜欢、向往乡村生活的理由。应选C。29、 Dieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A. insightB. perseveranceC. confirmationD. achievement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须用毅力坚持你的计划。A. insight洞察力, 领悟；B. perseverance 毅力；C. confir
6、mation 证明，证实；D. achievement 成就。由空前“you must stick to your plan可知，因为要坚持计划，所以空处需用名词perseverance,表示用毅力坚持计划。应选B。30、Linda wants to go abroad for further study after graduating from high school, but she needs to ask for her parents.A. movementB. professionC. destinationD. permission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达高中
7、毕业后想要出国深造，但是她需要征求父母的许可。A.movement运动；Bprofession职业;C.destination目的地；D.permission准许。结合句意可知,permission准许”符合题意,故选择D项。1031、There is no denying that watching this screen of Norwegian Wood will certainly be a heart-breakingexperience.A. ambitionB. adaptationC. expectationD. qualification答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：不可否认
8、，观看这部改编自挪威森林的电影肯定会是一次令人心碎的经历。A.ambition 雄心抱负；B. adaptation 适应，改编；C. expectation 期待；D. qualification 资格。根据句意，watching this screen和“?可知，此处表达小说的电影“改编版本，应选B。32、What was the of the football match last night?AC Milan won the game.A. valueB. resultC. choiceD. decision答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:昨晚足球比赛的结果是什么？ 一一AC米兰
9、赢了。A. value价值；B. result结果;C. choice选择；D. decision决定。根据答语AC Milan won the game.可知此处是在问比赛结果,应选B。33、 These measures have been taken with a (n) to increasing the companys profits.A. viewB. intentionC. purposeD. aim答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：采取这些措施是为了增加公司的利润。A. view打算；目的；B. intention意图；目 的；C.purpose目的；D.aim目标；目的
10、。短语with a view to表示为了；指望，是固定搭配，而其他选项没 有这样的搭配。应选A。34、The beauty of the scenery of West Lake is beyond.A. collectionB. selectionC. descriptionD. tradition11答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：西湖风景之美是无法形容的。A.collection收集；B. selection选择；C. description 描述;D. tradition传统。根据the scenery of West Lake”可知，此处表示西湖的美景无法形容，beyond
11、description为固定短语，意为“难以形容。应选C。35 The of the group that will be studied depends on the interests of the researcher: all high schoolstudents, all college students, or half high school students and half college students.A. ingredientB. conventionC. compoundD. composition答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被研究小组的组成取决于研究人
12、员的兴趣：所有高中生，所有大学生，或者一半 高中生一半大学生。A. ingredient原料，成分；B.convention习俗，惯例，大会；C pound混合物，合成 词;D. composition成分构成,组成,创作。由语意可知,composition成分构成，组成“符合题意。应选D项。36、A friend of thinks she wont pass the exam.I think she should believe in. Thats the secret to success.A. my aunt; herB. my aunts; herC. my aunts; herse
13、lf答案：c解析：考查代词和所有格。句意：一一我阿姨的一个朋友认为她考试没过。一一我认为她应该相信自己。这是成功的 秘诀。根据语境可知第一空表示我阿姨的一个朋友，应用所有格形式；第二空是固定短语believe inoneself（相信自己）。应选C。37 Mr. Wang was a man of before he turned.A. success, a writerB. a success, writerC. success, writerD. a success, a money12答案：c解析：考查名词辨析。句意：王先生在成为作家之前是个成功人士。success成功，不可数名词。假设
14、作可数名词，抽 象名词具体化，表示“一个成功的人或事情。此处前面已经有a,故of后面不用冠词a。a man of success一个 成功的人。turn为系动词，后面接名词作表语，turn writer成为作家，不用冠词，表示概念。应选C项。38、Well never forget the Zhong Nanshan has made to the fight against COVID-19.A. pressB. donationsC. contributionsD. efforts答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们永远不会忘记钟南山为抗击新冠肺炎疫情作出的贡献。A.press新闻界
15、；B.donations捐赠；C.contributions贡献；D.efforts努力。根据常识可知，我们永远不会忘记钟南山为抗击新冠肺炎疫情作出的贡献，空格处意为贡献，应选C。39、 Your suggestions are far from worthless and they make a good deal of to me.A. differences. senseC. influenceD. meaning答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的建议绝非毫无价值，对我来说很有意义。A. difference差异；B.sense意义；理解力;C. influence影响；D. m
16、eaning意思。短语make a good deal of sense to sb表示对某人很有意义”。故选BoYoull get a false of the town if you only visit the university.A. impressionB. companyC. youthD. rent答案：A解析：13 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你只参观大学，你会对这个城市产生错误的印象。A.impression印象； B pany公司；C.youth青春;D.rent租金。结合visit the university”和选项可推知，句中谈论的是对大学和 城市的印象，a fal
17、se impression错误的印象，符合语境。应选A。40、 We should make joint efforts, for your contribution will make a to the cause of peace.A. differences. determinationC. commentD. challenge答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该共同努力，因为你的贡献将对和平事业产生影响。A. difference区分，不 同；B. determination决心；C. comment评论；D.challenge挑战。结合句意可知,此处为固定短语：make
18、a difference有影响，有关系。应选A。41、 During the department stores annual autumn, all clothing will be half price.A. engagementB. promotionC. interaction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在百货公司一年一度的秋季促销期间，所有的衣服都是半价。A. engagement约定; B. promotion促销活动；C. interaction互动。根据后文“all clothing will be half price.可知，因为所有的衣服半价 销售，所有此处指百货
19、公司在促销。应选B。42、 The curious girl looked at the box and then she opened it out of.A. curious, curiousB. curiously, curiosityC. curiously, curiousD. curiosity, curiously答案：B解析：考查词副词和名词。句意：这个好奇的女孩好奇地看了看盒子，然后出于好奇把它翻开了。A.curious好奇的;curious 好奇的；B.curiously 好奇地，curiosity 好奇心；C. curiously 好奇地,curious 好奇的；D.cu
20、riosity 好奇心，14curiously好奇地。分析句子结构可知，第一空应填写副词修饰动词looked；根据out of 可知，第二空应填写 名词,out of curiosity意为“出于好奇，应选B。44 Many teenagers want to be like Zhong Nanshan when they grow up.A. writersB. engineersC. doctorsD. cleaners答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多青少年长大后想成为钟南山那样的医生。A. writers作家；B.engineers工程师;C. doctors医生；D. cle
21、aners清洁工。根据like Zhong Nanshan可知，此处表示想成为医生。应选C。45 The teacher often makes a(n)on how different the two boys are.A. commentB. decisionC. impressionD. effect答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：老师经常评论这两个男孩有多么不同。A ment评论;B.decision决定；Compression印 象；D.effect影响。根据后句“on how different the two boys are (这两个男孩有多么不同)”可知为评论的具体 内容，固定
22、短语make a comment on对做出评论。应选A。46、Last week his performance secured him the for Actor of the Year at the Hollywood Film Festival.A. rewardB. prizeC. awardD. bonus答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周，他的表演为他赢得了好莱坞电影节的年度最正确男演员奖。reward报酬；奖励；prize奖金；award”奖；奖品；bonus额外津贴；红利，根据下文“for Actor of the Year at the Hollywood Film
23、 Festival可知，此处说的是“好莱坞电影节的年度最正确男演员奖，应选C。47 Linda gave us a vivid of her trip to Mount Lushan after her return.15A. directions. explanationC. imaginationD. account答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达回来后给我们生动地描述了她的庐山之行。A.direction方向；B.explanation解 释；C.imagination想象力；D.account描述。由“of her trip to Mount Lushan”可知，句子表示“琳
24、达回来后给我们 生动地描述了她的庐山之行，空格处是描述，应选D。48、 Mums Little Bank was used for sudden, such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor.A. emergenciesB. proposalsC. functionsD. individuality答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈的小银行”被用于应对突然发生对的紧急情况，例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并 且不得不带去看医生时。A.emergencies紧急情况；B.proposal
25、s建议；C.functions功能；D.individuality个性。 结合下文例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并且不得不带去看医生时可知，上文说的是突然发生的紧急情况， emergencies紧急情况符合句意，应选择A项。49、 Though I was sure of my performance, Km still waiting for of the test results.A. confirmationB. missionC. institutionD. foundation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我确信自己的表现，但我仍在等待测试结果确实认。confirmation确认
26、； B.mission任务；Constitution机构;D.foundation建立。根据句意和语境，可知应是确认测试结果,应选A。50 Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable.A. the timeB. timesC. scheduleD. schedules16答案：c 解析：考查名词辨析。句意：抽出时间来学习和参加课外活动是一个巨大的挑战。因此我需要做一个切实可行的时 间表。A. the time时间;B.
27、times时代;C.schedule时间表;D.schedules时间表（复数）。根据句意可知,抽 出时间学习和做课外活动是一个挑战，所以要制定计划，而且根据单词a可知，应选可数名词单数，应选C。小提示:根据句意来选择合适的词，根据名词前面的冠词可知应填单数还是复数。51 The government has announced a new to help lower the greenhouse gas emissions.A. advisorB. budgetC. initiativeD. perspective答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:政府宣布了一项新举措，以帮助减少温室气体
28、的排放。A. advisor顾问；B. budget 预算；C. initiative 建议；新方案；D. perspective 态度。根据announcecT及“to help lower the greenhouse gas emissions可知,initiative建议；新方案符合句意。应选C。52 “The next station is Bank!” comes the. Thats my destination.A. movementB. announcementC. techniqueD. documentary答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：广播传来“下一站是银行站!
29、、那是我的目的地。A.movement运动，活动；B.announcementw,通告,广播;C.technique 技术；D.documentary 记录电影节目。根据 The next station isBank!可知这是广播的通知。应选B项。53 I want you both to be on your best at Grandad/s.OK, we will, Mum.A. opportunityB. struggleC. behaviorD. purpose17答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我要你们两个在你爷爷家好好表现。一一好的，我们会的，妈妈。A.opportu
30、nity机会；B.struggle斗争；C.behavior行为，举止；D.purpose目的。根据句意这是妈妈对孩子的告 诫，要求他们注意行为举止。应选C。54 After the flood, the first thing the government did was to provide for the homeless families.A. accommodationB. qualificationC. occupationD. admission答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：洪水过后，政府做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。A. accommodation 住宿；B
31、. qualification 资格;C. occupation 职业;D. admission 进入。根据后文“for the homeless families指为无 家可归的家庭提供住宿，应用accommodation。应选A。55 According to the result of a recent study published by Cambridge University, such as stubbornness and shyness, have a major impact on learning.A. featuresB. personalitiesC. memorie
32、sD. appearances答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据剑桥大学最近发表的一项研究结果，性格，例如固执和害羞对学习有重大影 响。A. feature 特征；B. personality 性格,气质；C. memory 回忆；D. appearance 外表。空后 such as stubbornness and shyness表示例如固执和害羞”，都是在对人的性格进行举例，故空处需填名词personalities 表示性格。应选B项。18 我必须完成我的任务。A.decision决定；B.promise允诺；C.choice选择；D.offer提议。根据上文“Lily, why
33、 dont join us for camping?”,可知这时一个提议，应选 DoThe murder is still under.A. attempt, investigatingB. attempted, investigatingC. attempted, investigationD. attempting, investigation答案：c解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：这起谋杀未遂事件仍在调查中。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词murder, attempt的形容词是attempted,意为“未遂的，under后跟名词作宾语,investigate的名词是investigatio
34、n, under investigation 意为在调查中，因此第一空是 attempted,第二空是 investigation,应选 C。4、 Sometimes a strong others* attention might indicate a (n)self-confidence.A. passion for, adjustment todevotion to; compassion inB. fascination with; approach todesire for; lack of答案：D解析：考查名词与介词的搭配。句意：有时候，强烈渴望得到别人的关注可能说明你缺乏自信。A
35、.passionfor对 的强烈爱好，adjustment to 对的调整;B.devotion to 致力于，compassion in 对的同情;C. fascinationwith对的迷恋，approach to做的方法;D.desire for对的强烈渴望,lack of缺乏。根据语境和常识, 只有D项逻辑关系通顺，即：渴望被别人关注是一个人缺乏自信的表现，应选D。5、 Norris twice knocked down his in the early rounds of the fight.A. opponents. asteroidC. nephewD. triathlete答案
36、：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺里斯在比赛的前几轮中两次击倒了对手。A. opponent对手；B.asteroid海星；C. nephew侄子；D. triathlete三项全能运发动。根据语境，诺里斯两次击倒的应该是自己的对手，opponent表 示对手符合语意。应选a项。6、 Finding information in today/s world is easy. The is how you can tell if the information you get is useful ornot.A. contextB. challengeC. competitionD. stre
37、ss答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今世界寻找信息是很容易的。挑战在于如何判断所获得的信息是否有用。A.context 语境，上下文；B. challenge 挑战；C. competition 竞争；D. stress 压力。根据how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.”可知，如何判断所获得的信息是否有用是很大的挑战。应选B。7、 The coach has in his athletes.A. confidences. competenceC. convenienceD. expectation答案
38、：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练对他的运发动有信心。A.confidence信心;B petence能力；C.convenience 方便;D.expectation期望。由The coach和his athletes可知,句子表示“教练对他的运发动有信心，have confidence in sb.是固定短语，意为对某人有信心，应选A。8、 People in this country who have no job can get money from, but it isnt much to live on.A. welfareB. priceC. prizeD. salary答案
39、：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个国家里，失业者可以从社会福利中得到钱，但靠这点钱生活并不算多。A. welfare （政府给予的）福利；B. price价格；C.prize奖赏；D. salary工资。根据前文“who have no job可知， 因为是没有工作的人，由此可知，此处需用名词welfare,表示从社会福利中得到钱。应选A。9、 Sara, try to do everything to the best within your.-OK, I will.A. abilityB. habitC. powerD. attention答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一
40、一莎拉，尽你所能做到最好。一一好的，我会的。A. ability能力；B.habit习惯； C.power权力；D. attention注意力。根据句意可知，句中指在你的能力范围内，尽力把一切做到最好。ability意为能力，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。ll Through this, the disease was stopped in its tracks.A. infectionB. interruptionC. interventionD. intuition答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这种干预，阻断了这种疾病的传播。A.infection感染；B.interrupti
41、on打断，暂 停；（1intervention 干预，介入；D.intuition 直觉。结合the disease was stopped in its tracks”可知，此处指通过 干预，疾病被阻断传播，应选C项。12、 My mother is in a middle school. She teaches history very well.A. driverB. dancerC. teacherD. writer答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈是中学老师。她历史教得非常好。A. driver司机；B. dancer舞蹈演员；C.teacher教师;D.writer作家。
42、根据句中She teaches history very well”可知，我妈妈历史教得非常好,因此她4是一名教师。应选c项。13、Nowadays, when you enter a shopping mall or bank, the staff there will take your temperature at the entrance as a matter of.A. contactB. routineC. virtueD. manners答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，当你进入购物商场或者银行时，员工会在入口按照惯例给你量体温。A. contact联系；B. rou
43、tine惯例，常规；C. virtue道德，美德；D.manners礼貌。根据句子分析可知,此处表示 “按照惯例,作为例行公事”，表达为as a matter of routineo应选Bo小提示：14 Though David received the from the school basketball team, he didnt give up his dream andcontinued practicing hard.A. interactionB. companionshipC. cooperationD. rejection答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然大卫遭到了学
44、校篮球队的拒绝，但他并没有放弃自己的梦想，并继续努力练 习。A. interaction 互动;B. companionship 友谊；C. cooperation 合作；D. rejection 拒绝。根据上下文的转折 关系，可知大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，拒绝(rejection)符合语境和句意，应选D。15、 To solve the problem, the engineers tried out different, but none seemed to work well.A. approachesB. statementsC. ranksD. associations答案：A解析
45、：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了解决这个问题，工程师们尝试了不同的方法，但似乎没有一种效果很好。A.approaches方法;B. statements陈述；声明；C. ranks等级；级别；D.associations协会；联盟。根据前文目的5状语T。solve the problem（为了解决问题）可知，应是为了解决问题尝试了不同的方法。应选A项。16、一 Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our?Yes, I slept well and I like the breakfast.A. hotelB. schoolC. factoryD. company答案：
46、A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一先生，您在我们酒店过得愉快吗？ 一是的，我睡得很好，我喜欢早餐。A.hotel 宾馆；B.school 学校；C.factory 工厂；D pany 公司。根据 I slept well and I like the breakfast.”可知，住的是 宾馆。应选A项。17、In a, two or more speakers express two or more opposing views.A. challengeB. scheduleC. opportunityD. debate答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在辩论中，两个或两个以上的发言者表达
47、两种或两种以上相反的观点。A.challenge 挑战；B. schedule 计划表；C. opportunity 机会；D. debate 辩论。根据后文“two or more speakers express two or more opposing views提出两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相反的观点，可知是在 辩论中。应选D。18、Can you tell me your for happiness and a long life?Living every day to the full, definitely.A. recipeB. recordC. rangeD.
48、receipt答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一你能告诉我幸福长寿的秘诀吗？一一充实地过好每一天。A. recipe方法，秘诀;record 记录；C. range 范围,界限;D. receipt 收据。根据语境和后文“for happiness and a long life及Living6every day to the full, definitely可知,此处指“秘诀。应选 A 项。19 We will be posting a series of regularly form now on so those who read our posts wont beconcerned about us.A