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1、语法填空专练(八)(限时30分钟)APenguins are a group of water birds flightless. The word penguin first appears in 1. _16th century referring to the great auk. When European explorers discovered 2. _are today known as penguins in the Southern Hemisphere, they noticed their similar appearance to the great auk of th
2、e Northern Hemisphere, and 3. _(name) them after this bird, although they are not closely related. Penguins are only one species living in the Southern Hemisphere. 4. (high) adapted for life in the water, penguins feed on krill, fish, squid and other forms of sealife 5. _(catch) while swimming under
3、water. They spend about half of their lives on land and half in the oceans. There are 18 different species of penguins that 6. _(find) in varying climates, ranging from Galapagos Penguins on tropical islands at the equator (赤道) to Emperor Penguins living at the icy waters of Antarctica. The largest
4、penguin is the Emperor Penguin which can reach a 7. _(weigh) of 90 pounds, while the smallest penguin, the Fairy Penguin, weighs only 2 pounds! The Emperor Penguin lives in the 8. (cold) habitat (栖息地) of all penguins, with some Antarctic zones 9. _(reach) a temperature as cold as -40C or -60C. Regar
5、dless 10. their habitat, all penguins keep a body temperature of between 38C and 39C. 【文章大意】本文介绍了企鹅的生活习性和生活环境等。1. 【解析】 the。考查冠词。表示“第几世纪”, 序数词前面加the, 故填the。2. 【解析】what。考查宾语从句。在宾语从句中作主语, 表示“的东西”, 故填what。3. 【解析】named。考查时态。和noticed并列作谓语, 所以用过去式, 故填named。4. 【解析】Highly。考查副词。修饰动词adapted, 所以用副词, 表示“高度地”, 故填
6、Highly。5. 【解析】caught。考查非谓语动词。catch和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系, 所以用过去分词作后置定语, 故填caught。6. 【解析】have been found。考查时态和语态。表示截止到现在, 所以用现在完成时态, 主语that指代先行词species, 和find之间是被动关系, 所以用被动语态, 故填have been found。7. 【解析】weight。考查名词的数。作宾语, 所以用名词, 前面有不定冠词a, 所以用单数名词, 故填weight。8. 【解析】coldest。考查形容词最高级。后面有表示范围的of all penguins, 所以用形容
7、词最高级作定语, 故填coldest。9. 【解析】reaching。考查非谓语动词。with的宾语和reach之间是主动关系, 所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填reaching。10. 【解析】of。考查介词。regardless of不管, 为固定搭配, 故填of。BDuring Spring Festival holiday, as part of a rural culture, traditional opera shows 1. _ (stage) to enrich the life of rural residents. Ninghai Pingdiao (“Flat Tone
8、”), one of the 2. (opera) of East Chinas Zhejiang province, with origins in the Ming and Qing dynasties (13681911), has about 400 years of history. In 2006, it was listed among the first group of national intangible(非物质) 3. _ (culture) heritage. The opera stands out from other local plays because of
9、 its “teeth playing” performance. Actors need to put several teeth in the mouth, 4. are about 8 centimeters long and show them to express the roles emotions while singing lines. “Teeth playing” in Pingdiao and “face changing” in Sichuan Opera, 5. (name) “West face East teeth” are 6. _(equal) invalua
10、ble. From Feb. 7 to 9, the Ninghai Xiaobaihua Yue Opera Troupe performed both Yue Opera and Pingdiao at the activity center of Jiujiang village, Ninghai county, Zhejiang province. Taking traditional performances 7. _ the grassroots during the holiday provided rural residents with a treat for eyes an
11、d ears 8. _ well as knowledge about traditional opera. Although Ninghai Pingdiao has a long history, it has lost 9. (popular). But, primary and middle schools are now actively introducing traditional opera into schools. It provides opportunities for students 10. _ (learn) about traditional culture.
12、【文章大意】 本文为说明文, 本文介绍了中国浙江拥有400多年历史的戏剧形式宁海平调及其在春节期间的演出。1. 【解析】were staged。考查时态和语态。从下文From Feb. 7 to 9, the Ninghai Xiaobaihua Yue Opera Troupe performed both Yueju Opera and Pingdiao at the. . . 可以看出, 该句应用过去时, 戏剧是被上演, 故用were staged。2. 【解析】operas。考查名词。 one of 加可数名词的复数形式, 故用operas。3. 【解析】cultural。考查词性转换
13、。形容词修饰名词heritage, 故用cultural。4. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。 此处为which引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词teeth。在从句中作主语, 故用which。5. 【解析】named。考查非谓语动词。该处为后置定语修饰其前名词, 表示这两种戏剧“被叫作”, 故用named。6. 【解析】equally。考查词性转换。此处为副词修饰形容词, 故用equally。7. 【解析】 to。考查介词。take sth. to sb. 把带给, 故用to。8. 【解析】as。考查固定短语。as well as 还有, 故用as。9. 【解析】popularity。考查
14、词性转换。此处应用名词形式作宾语, 故用popularity。10. 【解析】to learn。考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作后置定语, 故用to learn。CScientists say the paddlefish, also called the Chinese swordfish, one of the worlds 1. (large) freshwater fish, is believed to have a lineage 2. (date) back to at least 34 million years. 3. its long nose and mouth, it
15、 could grow as long as seven meters. But a research paper recently 4. (publish) in Science of The Total Environment reported it was now extinct. The paper 5. (say) it was declared extinct for two reasons. The scientists said it had suffered major drops in population since the 1970s. The drops came a
16、s major dam building 6. (project) were carried out along the Yangtze. Building of the Gezhouba Dam began in 1970 and 7. (complete) in 1988. Pan Wenjing is a forest and oceans expert with Greenpeace East Asia. She told The Associated Press the extinction of the Chinese paddlefish was “8. huge loss” f
17、or nature. “The ecology of the Yangtze River is close to collapse due to human activity in past decades, ” Pan said. She noted that China had launched a campaign to find ways to repair the Yangtzes environment, 9. is of great importance. After 10. (it) extinction was reported in the news, some Chine
18、se media and Internet users took a look back at the large creatures. Many people appeared to have not heard of the Chinese paddlefish before it was extinct. 【文章大意】本文讲述了中国的剑鱼已经宣告灭绝。1. 【解析】largest。 考查形容词比较等级。one of the +形容词最高级。2. 【解析】dating。考查非谓语。本句已经有谓语动词, 所以用非谓语doing, 表主动。表示至少可以追溯到3 400万年前。3. 【解析】Wi
19、th。考查介词, 拥有。意为: 它有长长的鼻子和嘴巴。4. 【解析】 published。考查非谓语。本句已经有谓语动词, 所以用非谓语done, 表示被动。a research paper 和publish之间是被动关系。最近发表了一篇研究论文。5. 【解析】says。考查时态。指代客观情况, 用一般现在时。6. 【解析】projects。考查名词。 空后动词是were, 复数, 所以名词也用复数。7. 【解析】was completed。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。被动语态结构是be done, 1988年是过去。大坝被建造完成。8. 【解析】a。考查冠词。 指一个巨大损失。9. 【解析】
20、which。考查非限定性定语从句, 引导词不能用that ; 缺主语, 此处which 指代前面的句子。 10. 【解析】 its。考查形容词性物主代词。修饰名词extinction。【知识拓展】长难句分析Scientists say the paddlefish, also called the Chinese swordfish, one of the worlds largest freshwater fish, is believed to have a lineage dating back to at least 34 million years. 分析: 此句Scientists
21、 say的宾语从句是 the paddlefish, is believed to have a lineage dating back to at least 34 million years, 其中 also called the Chinese swordfish是非谓语作状语, one of the worlds largest freshwater fish是swordfish 的同位语。译文: 科学家们说, 匙吻鲟也称作中国剑鱼, 是世界最大的淡水鱼之一, 被认为有3 400万年的血统。词汇积累extinct灭绝的extinction 灭绝carry out 开展, 进行of great importance 很重要的