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1、Unit 3FOOD AND CULTURE语言知识语法：过去完成时及其被动语态 写作：有关饮食的作文 语用：预定食物文化知识语言技能素 养 导 航主题语境人与自我之生活与学习K语境概说X本单元的话题内容是“饮食与文化”，它属于“人与自我”这 一主题语境下的“生活与学习”。本单元的主要内容包括中外饮食与文化的介绍 以及倡导要有健康的饮食习惯。通过本单元的学习，学生在语言能力、文化意识、 思维品质和学习能力方面，尤其在生活与健康方面将得到提高与关注。单元素养目标。词汇：cuisine, prior, consist, recipe, bold, chef, stuff, slice, elega
2、nt, exceptional, mininnim, consume, temper, vegetarian, junk, stable, canteen, somewhat, association, category, quantity, moderation, ideal, fundamental, chew, modest, trick, overall, suit, recommend, include, insist, prior to, consist of, slice.off, regardless of, take turns doing sth句型:CI For exam
3、ple, Americas most popular Chinese dish is General Tsos chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers. ：/2 Later, 1 had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China. and so we just ate whatever was left in the university canteen
4、.C4 For example, scientists have insisted for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food. And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day(Journa/ of the American Medical
5、 Association, 2014).6 Besides this, it is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth.7 It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are ful
6、l.在学习活动中观察和宽析语篇包含的审美元素（形式、意蕴等）.获得市美体 验，形成对语言和事物的审美感知能力C1根据语篇标题预测语篇的体裁和结构；通过重经、举例和解释等方式澄清、意思。学习策略有意识地注意和积累生活中和媒体上所使用的英语；通过分类等手段加深 对词汇的理解和记忆。效性。应选CD.What does the word Mandatory in Paragraph 3 mean?A.Compulsory.B.Effective.C.Different.D.Independent.K答 案D A K词义猜想题。根据第一段中的all appliances must be.had volu
7、ntary eco-labels?及第二段的末句 Introducing an equal system for food could have an even bigger impact.可知，家电上的环保标识是强制性的，作者在文中建 议在食品上加上与家电上类似的环保标识，由此可知，Mandatory意为“强制性 的“。其中must be, voluntary及equal是解题的关键词。应选A。.What can be learned about eco-labels?A.They will increase the profits of low-impact producers.7 .Th
8、ey can show producers9 environmental impacts.C.They will guide consumers to buy healthier food.D.They can expose consumers to more products.K答 案U B K细节理解题。根据最后一段中的They would highlightacross multiple products.可知，环保标识能够将高能耗与低能耗的食品生产者区别开来。 也就是说，环保标识能指示食品生产者的能耗。应选BJFood is a culture, please start from t
9、he window civilization. 饮食是文化，请从窗口文明做起。If you want to be healthy, have a good breakfast.要想身体好，早餐要吃好。We should study deeply and eat slowly.学习要深钻细研，吃饭要细嚼慢咽。He who will not taste wine and tobacco will be strong.烟酒不尝，身体必强。Reading and Thinking(l)活动设计素养形成活动设计素养形成课文语篇研读Step 11 .DiscussingLook at the follow
10、ing pictures and which kind of food do you like best?The answer is open.2 .Predicting-Look at the pictures and read the title of the passage on page 2627 and predict what the text is probably about?The passage is_ probably about the link between food and culture.Step While-reading1 .First reading-Re
11、ad the passage carefully and answer the following questions.(l)Match the main idea with each paragraph.Para. 1 A.The connection between culture and cuisine.Para.2 B.The real experience with all kinds of Chinese food in different places.Paras.36 C.The experience with Chinese cooking before coming to
12、China.Para.7 D.The introduction to the subject.K 答 案 UPara.l D Para.2 C Paras.36 B Para.7 ARead for details.What is Americas most popular Chinese dish?Geneial Tsos chicken.What did the author learn from the Chinese food?Chinese people everywheie are friendly and kind.2.Second readingFill in the blan
13、ks according to the text.IntroductionThe saying you are what you eat refers to the link between peoples personality, character and culture.Before coming toChinaOnly experience with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes.Americans most popular Chinese dish is General Tsos chicken.
14、Americans love bold, simple flavours and try new foods.After coming to ChinaExperience authentic Chinese foods. In Beijing, Sichuan peppercorns. In Shanghai, boiled dumplings. In Xinjiang, boiled or roasted meat, such as lamb kebab. In Guangdong, elegant dim sum-small servings of food in bamboo stea
15、mers. In Henan, the exceptional stewed noodles.Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness.ConclusionAt a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead and what they like and do not like.Culture and cuisine go hand in
16、 hand.3.Third reading(l)Summarizing： Read the passage again and try to summarize its main idea in one sentence.The passage 这 mainly about food repiesenting peoples peisonality, c haiacter and culture.(2)Thinking and discussing： What do you think of the Chinese food and culture?Chinese people attach
17、gieat importance to food, and food cultuie pl ays an important part of Chinese traditional cultuie, which is_ paitic ularly obviou“ in Chinese cultuie.In traditional Chines cultuie, eating is no only 且 personal act_ to satisfy the_ appetite, but also t p lactice of the spiriL of ceiemony.Step Post-r
18、eading1 .Pair work： Do you think culture and cuisine go hand in hand ? Give your reasons. The answer is open.2 .Have you eaten different kinds of Chinese food ? what feature do you think they have? The answer is open.阅读技巧点拨理解因果关系Sometimes two ideas are related to each other by cause and effect.That
19、is, one thing causes something else to happen.Cause-and-effect relationships can be direct.For example, “it was raining, so I took my umbrella. However, some cause-and-effect relationships are not direct, and some may also have more than one cause or effect.语言现象感知I .单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义.Put more simpl
20、y, this means you are what you eat.说，表达1 .Most people today relate this saying to healthy eating.几谚语.Chinese cuisine is a case in point.几例子4.It tells us, for example, that Americans love bold, simple 4avours.a力.大月旦的 n .词块积累写出以下词块的含义1 .prior to coming to China 在来中国之前.suit American tastes适合美 国人的口味3 .a
21、re not afraid to try new foods 不怕尝试新食物.have a chance to experience authentic Chinese food 有机会体验地道的中国菜4 .wander the open range on horses 骑着马在开阔 的牧场上漫步.show friendship and kindness 表现友好和善良7 .have a hot temper 脾气暴躁.go hand in hand 携手并进ni.句式欣赏.过去分词作后置定语For example, Americas most popular Chinese dish is
22、General Tsos chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers.1 .动词不定式作后置定语Later, I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China.2 .whatever引导宾语从句.and so we just ate whatever was left in the university canteen.3 .形容词和现在分词短语作状语T
23、ired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.语言内化稳步提能课堂实践应用People with an impulsive（冲动的）personality refer to those who tend to do things without considering the possible dangers or problems
24、 first.According to a new study by researchers at the University of Georgia, such people may be more likely to have food addiction.The study found that people exhibiting impulsive behavior werent necessarily overweight, but impulsiveness was related to a direct relationship with food, and therefore,
25、 less healthy weight.Food addiction has been compared to addictive drug use.Studies have linked the dopamine （多巴胺）release that occurs after tasting delicious food to the dopamine release that happens when people consume other addictive substances.Impulsive behavior involves several personality trait
26、s （特,点）.Two of these traits, known as negative urgency and lack of perseverance, were particularly associated with food addiction and high BMI （身体质量指数）during the study.Negative urgency is characterized by the tendency to behave impulsively when experiencing negative emotions.Some people might drink
27、alcohol or take drugs.For others, it could mean eating to feel better.Lack of perseverance is when a person has a hard time finishing hard or boring tasks.People with a lack of perseverance might have difficulty attempting to change addictive eating behavior, which could also cause obesity.“Impulsiv
28、eness might be one reason why some people eat in an addictive way despite motivation to lose weight, “ said Dr.Ashley Gearhardt, a clinical psychologist.He was involved in developing the Yale Food Addiction Scale in aid of those people. We are theorizing that if food addiction is really a thing, the
29、n our measure, the Yale Food Addiction Scale, should be related to helping control impulsive action , “ said Gearhardt.Clinical psychologist Dr.James MacKillop, whose lab was conducting the study, believes that therapies（治疗，疗法）used to treat addictive drug behavior could help people who suffer from a
30、ddictive eating habits.“Most of the programs for weight loss at this point focus on the most obvious things, which are clearly diet and exercise, “ MacKillop said.It seems that managing strong desires to eat would naturally fit in with the skills a person would need to eat healthily.99K语篇解读U本文是说明文。新
31、的研究说明性格冲动的人很可能有食物成瘾的行为，文中作者介绍了人们对两者之间关系的研究。1 .According to Paragraph 1, the result of food addiction is.A.taking alcohol or drugsB.motivation to lose weightC.negative emotionsD.less healthy weightK答 案U D K细节理解题。根据第一段第三句The study found that.less healthy weight.可知，研究说明冲动的人不一定会超重，但是冲动和食物是有关系的，即 与不健康的体重
32、问题有关，应选D。.How does the author introduce the two personality traits in Paragraph 4?A.By making comparisons and conclusions.B.By explaining causes and effects.C.By giving definitions and examples.D.By presenting questions and answers.K答 案I C K推理判断题。根据第四段的第一句Negative urgency is characterized by.when ex
33、periencing negative emotions.和第四句 Lack of perseverance.finishing hard or boring tasks,可知， Negative urgency 和 Lack of perseverance两个概念的定义。同时本段二、三句Some people might drinkto feel better 和最后一句的 People with a lack of perseverance.which could also cause obesity.给出的是这两个概念的例子，因此，作者是通过定义和举例来介绍这两个 定义的，应选C。.Wh
34、at can be inferred about the Yale Food Addiction Scale from the text?A.It has been successfully carried out among overweight people.B.It might help some impulsive people with food addiction to lose weight.C.It will prove whether food addiction is a problem to impulsive people.D.It is theoretically a
35、 proper treatment for addictive food and drug behavior.K答 案I B K推理判断题。根据第五段的aWe are theorizing that. said Gearhardt.和第六段的内容可知，耶鲁大学的这个研究可以帮助控制冲动的行为， 并帮助那些因为冲动而有不好的饮食习惯的人，应选BD.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Impulsive personality linked to food additionB.Food addiction comp
36、ared to drug useC.Dopamine release caused by food addictionD.Food addiction contributing to obesityK答案 A K主旨大意题。此题要求概括文章标题，根据第一段第二句 According to a new study.to have food addiction.可知新的研究说明性格冲动的人 很可能有食物成瘾的行为，后面几段阐述人们对两者之间关系的研究。所以A项 与文章内容一致能概括全文，适合作为标题。应选A。RIf you buy a washing machine, a fridge or a
37、television in Europe, it comes with a sticker.Thanks to a 1992 EU rule, all appliances must be labelled (贴标签)with their energy efficiency.So why has our food system, which threatens 10, 000 species with extinction, produces about 30% of greenhouse gases, and drives 80% of our air pollution-only ever
38、 had voluntary eco-labels?The appliances ruling had a huge impact; initially, 75% of fridges and freezers were rated G to D(low efficiency), but today 98% are classed A+or A+ + + .Worldwide, the energy efficiency of labelled appliances has increased three times faster than appliances without labels.
39、Introducing an equal system for food could have an even bigger impact.Mandatory environmental labels would change how we produce and consume in far- reaching ways.First, producers would have to measure their impacts in a uniform way and be accountable for the results.This would not be expensive： it
40、is free to monitor environmental impacts using digital tools such as Field print and the Cool Farm Tool.Second, they support sustainable consumption.Our research found that products that look, taste and cost the same can have dramatically different environmental impacts.High-impact beef producers us
41、e 5，7000% more land and create 1, 000% more greenhouse gases than low-impact producers.Labels would allow consumers to tell these products apart.They would highlight both high-and low-impact producers, in the same way, across multiple products.This would encourage more people to think about their ch
42、oices by exposing them to the facts every time they are in the shops.We can also use labels to turn smaller consumer changes into large environmental benefits ： because a small number of producers create a large share of the impact, simply avoiding high-impact producers can make a huge contribution
43、to pollution reductions.K语篇解读 本文是议论文。自欧盟出台家电强制环保规定以来，家电的能耗 逐年下降。作者认为也应在食品上加上强制环保标识，以降低食品零售业的能耗。 5.Why does the author mention the appliances in Paragraph 1?A.To applaud the 1992 EU rule.B.To bring up the topic of labelling food.C.To point out the pollution they caused.D.To compare their energy consu
44、mption rates.K答案BK推理判断题。第一段中作者先预设了 “在欧洲购买家电”的情景，由此引出1992年欧盟出台的针对家电的强制环保标识，随即设问“为何不 在食品上也加上类似的环保标识”。由此可知，作者在第一段中提到洗衣机、冰 箱、电视机这些家电是为了引出“给食品加环保标识”的话题。应选 6.What do the figures in Paragraph 2 show?A.The importance of saving energy.B.The debate about eco-labelled appliances.C.The effectiveness of the appliances ruling.D.The problem caused by appliances of low efficiency.K答 案H C K细节理解题。根据第二段中的75% of fridges and freezersthan appliances without labels.可知，作者在第二段中将未使用环保标识前家电的能耗 与使用环保标识后家电的能耗作了比照，用真实的数据证实了 “环保标识”的有