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1、第 14 讲 I used to be afraid of the dark高【学习目标】词汇Section A：单词：humorous, silent, helpful, score, background, interview, Asian, dare, private, guard, require, European, African, British, speech, public短语：used to过去经常;from time to time时常;有时；talk to和谈话；turn red变红；take up开始从事；deal with对付；应付；notanymore不再；ton
2、s of许多； 大量；be careful with 注意；照顾；hang out 闲逛；fight on 继续战斗;make it to the top 到达顶峰；be afraid of害怕；give a speech发表演讲；in public公开地；Section B：单词：ant, insect, influence, seldom, proud, absent, fail, examination, exactly, pride, grandson, general, introduction短语：paint picture 国画；on the soccer team 在足球队；b
3、e proud of 为感到骄傲；no longer 不再；be absent from 不在(地方)；make a decision 做决te； boarding school寄宿学校；advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事；in person亲自；go back to回至U； to ones surprise 使某人惊奇的是；take pride in 以自豪;pay attention to 注意;move away搬走；离开；feel good about oneself 自我感觉良好；general introduction 总体介绍；Self Check： tel
4、l jokes 讲笑话语法Used to结构You used to be short, didnt you?He used to be really short.Did Mario use to be short?I didnt use to be popular in school.功能用 语和话 题功能用语：“谈论你过去是什么样” (talk about what you used to be like) 话题：“我们怎样改变(how we have changed)vI used to be short.I didnt use to be popular in school.You us
5、ed to be short, didnt you?Yes,Idid./No,IdidntDid he use to wear glasses?Yes, he did./No, he didnt.卫星发射到太空中。、sendaway ”解雇；开除”。The boss sent away Tom.老板解雇了 汤姆。、send for “派人去请”。 His mother was ill and he sent for the doctor. 他母亲病 了，他派人去请医生。16、The head teacher advised his parents to talk with their son
6、in person.校长建议他父母亲 自和他们的儿子谈谈。(教材P30 2b)、advise用作及物动词，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动词-ing形式，也可以是that从句。 advise也可接双宾语，其直接宾语可由名词、带疑问词的动词不定式或that/wh-从句充当。 advise还可接由动词不定式充当宾语补足语的复合宾语。advise的常用句式：、advise doing sth.意为“建议做某事”。 He advised leaving early.他建议早点动身。、advise sb.to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”。 The doctor advised me to take
7、a complete rest.医生建议我彻底休息一下。注意：advise后不能直接跟不定式作宾语。、advise sb.against doing sth.意为“劝告某人不要做某事”，有时可与 advise sb.not to dosth. 互换。 He advised her against going out at night. =He advised her not to go out at night. 他劝她 晚上不要出去。、advise sb.of sth,意为“通知或告知某人有某情况”。Please advise us of the arrival of the goods.货
8、物到达时请通知我们。(2)、in person意为“亲身；亲自”You should come here in person tomorrow.明天你应该亲 自 来这儿。17 They also told me that even though they couldnt be there to take care of me他们还告 诉我尽管他们不能在身边照顾我(教材P30 2b)、even though意为“尽管；即使；纵然”，有退一步设想的意味，相当于even if,多用于 书面语中，引导让步状语从句。He went on working with his assistant even t
9、hough both of them were tired.尽管他们两个都累了，他仍然和他的助手继续工作。(2)、take care of意为“照顾；照看”，相当于look after。好好照顾可用take good care of 或 look after.well 表示。 You must take good care of yourself and keep healthy. =You must look after yourself well and keep healthy.你一定要好好照顾自己，保持健康。拓展take care意为“小心；注意”，同义短语还有be careful和l
10、ook out,三者可以互换。Take care! Its dangerous here. 小心!这儿危险。18、 .they were always thinking of me and would take pride in everything good that I did.但他们一直牵挂着我，并且会为我所做的每一件好事感到自豪。（教材P302）、be always doing sth.意为“总是做某事，一直做某事，always常用在一般现在时态里, 表示经常的行为习惯。当与进行时连用，构成句型be always doing sth. Ht,常表达说话 人的某种情绪，如赞扬、不满、责备
11、等。He was always asking his parents for money.他总是向他的父母要钱。 She is always thinking of her work. 她总是想着自己的工作。（2）、prideH ”为感到自豪/骄傲”，与be proud of同义。后接让人引以为荣的对象，其 中pride为抽象名词，意为“自豪；骄做”，in为介词，后接名词、代词或动词ing形式作 宾语。The young mother took pride in her son.-The young mother was proud of her son.这个年轻的妈妈为她的儿子感到自豪。19
12、、His parents1 love has made him feel good about himself.父母的爱让他觉得自己很棒。（教材 P302b）feel good about.意为”对感到满意；对感觉良好”。其中about为介词，后接 名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 I think its very important for these people to feel good about themselves.我认为对这些人来说自信是很重要的。Then you feel good about taking it?那你觉得接受它很对？20 To everyone, s su
13、rprise, this conversation changed Li Wen, s life.使大家惊奇的是，这 次谈话改变了李文的一生。（P30）to one? s surprise意为“令某人惊奇的是，是“to one，s+情感名词”的结构，表示说 话人对上文的看法或态度，一般放在句首作状语，表示行为的结果。可以用great来加强语 气。To our great surprise, he won the prize.使我们感到十分惊奇的是他得了奖。拓展、to ones+情感名词”的结构还有：to ones joy to ones regret to one*s shame to one
14、s disappointment 等。To my deep regret, I lost the chance to go abroad.令我遗憾的是我失去了 出国的机会。、含名词surprise的短语：in surprise意为“惊奇地;吃惊地”。John turned around and looked at me in surprise.约翰转过身来，惊奇地望着我。、surprise还可用作动词，意为“使吃惊；使惊喜”。Put the presents out of sight so we can surprise her.把礼物藏起来，我们给她个惊喜。surprise的形容词形式有su
15、rprised（吃惊的；惊奇的）和surprising（令人惊奇的）。常用短语: be surprised at对感到惊奇。21 I realized that since my parents moved away, V ve been afraid being alone, and have tried to make my parents pay more attention to me.我意识到，自从我父母离开以来，我害 怕孤独，尽力想让父母更多地关注我。（P30）、本句是that引导的宾语从句，在从句中含有一个since引导的时间状语从句。moved away 是“动词+副词”结构，
16、意为“离开；搬走”，如表示“从某地搬走”后面加介词from。 People began to move away.人们开始走掉。 She moved away from the town two years ago.她两年前从这个镇上搬走了。（2）、pay attention to意为“注意；关注”，to是介词，后面跟名词或动名词。 You should pay attention to your spelling,你应当注意你的拼写。 Please pay attention to taking care of your baby.请注意照顾好你的小孩。拓展pay attention to
17、中可以用 a little/much/more/no 等修饰 attention,表示程度。pay a little attention 意为“不太注意；pay much attention 意为“非常注意 ；pay no attention 意为“不 在意”。另外pay attention to也可表示“向女生献殷勤；款待”。如：He likes to pay attentions to a lady他喜欢向女士献殷勤。22 Even the teacher agreed that Li Wen was wasting his time 甚至连老师也认为李文是在浪 费时间（教材P31）agr
18、ee作动词，意为“同意；赞成”，其后可接动词不定式或宾语从句。We agree to leave at once.我们同意马上离开。 We all agree that he is a good student.我们一致认为他是个好学生。拓展、agree with表示“同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等（即持同一观，点）”。 I dont agree with you.我不同意你的意见。 I agree with what you say.我同意你说的话。、agree to主要用来表示一方提出一项建议、安排、计划等，另一方同意协作。 We agreed to their arrangem
19、ent.我们同意了他们的安排。 She agreed to marriage. 她同意结婚。、agree on主要指双方通过协商而达成一致意见或协议。 We agreed on the price.我们就价格达成了一致意见。 Both sides agreed on these terms.双方都同意这些条件。23、My life has changed a lot in the last few years.在过去的几年里，我的生活改变了许多。(教材 P32 3b)、change此处用作动词，意为“改变；变化。change还可用作名词，意为“变化”。 I will never change
20、my mind.我决不会改变我的主意。Great changes have taken place in my hometown.我的家乡发生了 巨大的变化。(2)、in the last few years意为“在过去的几年里”，指的是从现在算起的以前或到现在为止 的几年中的情况，与现在有联系，因此句子的时态一般用现在完成时。Great changes have taken place in the village in the last few years.在过去的几年里，这个村庄发生了巨大的变化。 I have learnt a lot in the last three years.在
21、过去的三年里我学到了很多。【考点剖析】考点1、used to用法一My aunt goes to climb the hill every morning.一Oh? But she hate climbing hills.D. is used toA. used toB. uses toC. was used to【答案】A【详解】 句意：我阿姨每天早晨去爬山。哦？但是她过去讨厌爬山。考查短语辨析。used to do sth过去常常做某事;be used to do被用来做某事。根据My aunt goes to climb the hill every morning.”以及“Oh”可知，
22、对于每天爬山这个行为感到疑惑，由此可推 断空格处指过去讨厌爬山，应用used to do。应选A。考点2、Its +时间+ since +从句It five years since we last each other.A. is; has seen B. is; sawC. was; sawD. has been; have seen【答案】B【详解】句意：自从我们上次见面已经过去五年了。考查动词时态。“It has been/is+一段时间+since+一般过去时”是固定句型，意为“自以来有多长时间了应选B。考点3、词组take upIn order to cure his mom, th
23、e boy selling flowers in his spare time.A. puts upB. takes upC. sets upD. makes up【答案】B【详解】句意：为了给妈妈治病，这个男孩在他的空余时间开始卖花。考查动词短语辨析。puts up张贴；takes up开始从事；sets up设置；makes up编造，组成。 结合句中“the boy.spare time.”可知男孩开始卖花挣钱给妈妈治病。take up doing sth.“开始做 某事”。应选B。考点 4、词组 be proud of/ take pride in-China has made a c
24、omplete victory in its fight against poverty.一As Chinese, we our country.A. are satisfied with B. are friendly to C. are interested in D. are proud of【答案】D【详解】句意：在这场脱贫攻坚战中，中国取得了全面的胜利。作为中国人，我们为祖国感 到骄傲。考查形容词短语辨析。be satisfied with对感到满意；be friendly to对友好；beinterested in 对感兴趣；be proud of 因而骄傲。结合China has
25、 made a completevictory in its fight against poverty.”可知，祖国取得了脱贫攻坚的胜利，我们应感到骄傲。故 选D。考点5、动词advise的用法Because of COVID-19, our teachers advise us to the public places less.A. to goB. goingC. not to goD. not going【答案】A【详解】句意：由于新冠肺炎疫情，我们的老师建议我们少去公共场所。考查非谓语动词。advise sb (not) to do sth建议某人(不)做某事，根据to the pu
26、blic places less” 可知，是建议少去公共场所，应选A。考点 6、词组 pay attention toYou should pay attention to while driving around the corner, or you may be in danger.A. slow downB. slowing downC. drive carefully【答案】B【详解】句意：开车拐弯时要注意减速，否那么你可能会有危险。考查非谓语动词。slow down 减速；drive carefully 小心驾驶。pay attention to doing sth.”注意 做某事”
27、，介词to后用动名词。应选B。考点7、词组give upHe wants to give up, but its hard for him to.A. drink; give up itB. drinking; give up itC. drinking; give it upD. to drink; give it up【答案】C【详解】句意：他想放弃喝酒，但是对他来说放弃这个很困难。考查非谓语动词和动词短语。A. drink; give up it动词原形，“放弃它”；B. drinking; give up it 动名词形式，“放弃它；C.drinking; give it up动名词形
28、式，“放弃它”;D. to drink; give it up 动词不定式，“放弃它第一空根据固定用法give up后接动名词形式表示“放弃做某事”， 所以排除AD；第二空表示“放弃某事。当宾语为人称代词时，必须放在动词短语中间，故 选C。【真题演练】Is it polite to speak and laugh loudly?No, I dont think so.A. in publicB. at leastC. on timeD. in time【答案】A【详解】句意： 在公共场合大声说笑是礼貌的吗？ 不，我不这样认为。考查介词短语。in public公开地，在公共场合；at least
29、至少；on time准时；in time及时。 根据speak and laugh loudly”可知是在公共场合大声说笑。应选A。1. Li Hong is so excellent that she is her family.A. worried about B. angry withC. the pride ofD. strict with【答案】c【详解】句意：李红如此优秀，她是家人的骄傲。考查形容词短语和名词短语。be worried about为 担忧;be angry with生 的气;the pride of.的骄傲；be strict with对严格。根据Li Hong i
30、s so excellent”可知优秀的她是家人的骄傲。应选C。2. Im going to cooking because I like eating delicious food.A. clean upB. put upC. take upD. make up【答案】C【详解】句意：我要开始做饭，因为我喜欢吃美味的食物。考查动词短语。clean up清扫；put up张贴;take up开始从事；make up编造。根据“I like eating delicious food”可知喜欢吃美食，所以要开始学做饭。应选C。3. The problem is very serious, so
31、you need to go there.A. in publicB. in personC. pass byD. take pride in【答案】B【详解】句意：问题很严重，所以你需要亲自去那里。考查短语辨析。in public公开地；in person亲自；pass by经过；take pride in以为自豪。根据The problem is very serious”可知，问题很严重，所以需要本人亲自去。应选B。4. I dont know how to the old clothes. Maybe I can give them away to the charity.A. han
32、d inB. deal withC. take upD. end up【答案】B【详解】句意：我不知道如何处理这些旧衣服。也许我可以把它们捐给慈善机构。考查动词短语辨析。hand in上交；deal with处理；take up占据;end up结束。根据Maybe I can give them away to the charity”可知，不知道如何处理这些旧衣服，应选BoI live near a very big supermarket, so it is for me to buy what I need.A. comfortable B. convenient C. inexpen
33、sive D. complicated【答案】B【详解】句意：我住在一个很大的超市附近，所以我买我需耍的东西很方便。考查形容词辨析。comfortable舒服的；convenient方便的；inexpensive不贵的；complicated 复杂的。根据“I live near a very big supermarket”可知，住在超市附近，所以买东西很方便。应选Bostudents in their school often to the park after class.A. The number of; go B. The number of; goesC. A number of;
34、 goD. A number of; goes【答案】C【详解】句意：他们学校的大量学生经常在课后去公园。考查词组辨析和谓语动词。词组the number of意为的数目，中心词number作主语时，谓语动词用单数。词组a number of意为“许多的”，只可以修饰可数名词复数形式，它修饰 的词作主语时，谓语用复数形式。go是动词，意为“去。根据“students in their school often.to the park after class.”可知这里表示“大量学生去公园，应选Co5. Ben a lot in the last few years.A. changedB. h
35、ad changed C. will change D. has changed【答案】D【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，我国变化很大。考查动词时态辨析。in the last few years在过去的几年里，是一段持续的时间，可知用现在 完成时；Ben是单数第三人称，助动词需用has,应选D。6. Its been three years we last saw our primary school classmates.A. whenB. beforeC. sinceD. after【答案】C【详解】句意：自从我们上次见到小学同学已经三年了。考查连词词义辨析。when当时；before在之
36、前；since自从；after在之后。此处是固定句型：It has been +一段时间+since+时间状语从句，表示“自从已经多长时间了。应选C。7. You should learn these questions.A. how to deal with B. what to deal with C. how to deal D. what to deal【答案】A【详解】句意：你应该学会如何解决这些问题。考查特殊疑问句和动词短语。deal with是动词短语，意为“解决”，和特殊疑问词how连用, how to deal with如何解决；what 一般和do with解决连用。应选A
37、。8. Its cold outside. Please warm clothes to keep warm.A. put onB. wearC. inD. wears【答案】A 【详解】句意：外面很冷。请穿上暖和的衣服。考查动词词义辨析。put on, wear都是穿的意思。wear强调穿着的状态；puton强调穿这个 动作；in是一个介词，在,里；wears是动词第三人称单数形式。木题表达的是外面冷， 请穿上暖和的衣服，强调的是穿这个动作。应选A。9. Do you know the traffic rules?Sure, one of them is that we cant go ac
38、ross the street the light is green.A. untilB. afterC. if【答案】A【详解】句意：你知道交通规那么吗？ 当然，其中一条是直到绿灯亮了我们才能过马路。考查连词辨析。until 直到；after 在之后;if 如果。根据one of them is that we cant go acrossthe street .the light is green”可知，此处用not.until表示“直到 才”，直到绿灯亮，我们 才能过马路，应选A。10. If you are often from classes, you may fail in the
39、 final examination.A. absentB. quietC. activeD. silent【答案】A【详解】句意：如果你总是缺课,期末考试你可能会不及格。考查形容词词义辨析。absen俨缺席的”;quiet“安静的”;active积极的“；silent“沉默的”。根 据题干中的“you may fail in the final examination”可知，此处是说总是缺课，be absent from意 为“缺席、应选A。11. 一Did Nancy the physics test?一Yes. She was very sad when she knew her poo
40、r grade.A. missB. passC. succeedD. fail【答案】D【详解】句意： 南希物理考试不及格吗？ 是的。当她知道她的成绩很差时，她很伤心。考查动词辨析。miss错过；pass通过；succeed成功；fail失败。根据回答“She was very sad when she knew her poor grade”，可知她考试不及格，fail符合语境，应选D。12. These pet cats a lot of care and attention.A. obeyB. respectC. requireD. effect【答案】C【详解】句意：这些宠物猫需要很多
41、关心和注意。考查动词词义辨析。obey服从;respect尊敬；require需要；effect引起；根据These pet cats.a lot of care and attention.”及分析选项可知，宠物猫需要关心和注意，require需要，符合语境。 应选Co一Have you read the book Harry Potter?一Sure. Eric is also it and we become friends because of that.A. proud ofB. afraid ofC. serious about D. interested in【答案】D【详解】句
42、意：你读过哈利波特这本书吗？ 当然。Eric也对它感兴趣，我们也因此成 为了朋友。考查形容词短语。be proud of因而骄傲；be afraid of害怕；be serious about认真对待;be interested in对感兴趣。根据“Sure.”可知读过这本书了，再由“we become friendsbecause of that”可知和Eric成为朋友是因为都对这本书感兴趣。应选D。13. My uncle doesn*t like fast food, so he eats it.A. alwaysB. oftenC. usuallyD. seldom【答案】D【详句意：
43、我叔叔不喜欢快餐，所以他很少吃它。考查副词。always 总是；often 经常；usually 经常；seldom 很少。根据My uncle doesnt like fast food可知，我叔叔不喜欢快餐，因此他很少吃它，应选D。14. 一How do you dare to your parents like that?一Sorry, I wont do that again.A. spokeB. speakingC. to speakD. to speaking【答案】C【详解】句意：你怎么敢那样和你父母说话？ 对不起，我不会再那样了。考查非谓语动词。dare既可作实义动词也可作情态
44、动词，作实义动词接动词不定式to do, 作情态动词其后接动词原形。根据“How do you dare”可知疑问句用助动词do放在主语前， 主语后用实义动词dare,用“dare to do”，空处填动词不定式to speak。应选C。15. our surprise, he failed the math exam.A. InB. OnC. ToD. At【答案】C【详解】试题分析：句意：令我们惊奇的是他数学考试失败啦。toonds surprise令谋人惊奇的是。 根据语意和语境应选C。考点：考查介词。16. Now many stars are giving away money to
45、 the poor areas.一 This is what the people there most need.A. exactlyB. quiteC. luckilyD. helpfully【答案】A【详解】【基础知识】1、Mario, you used to be short, didnt you?马里奥，你过去很矮，不是吗？(P25)used to do sth意为“过去经常做某事表示过去经常的习惯，含有现在不再如此之意。 used to do否认结构为“didn t use to do” ；也可用“used not to do” ；其疑问句常借用助动 词did提问,即“Diduse
46、 to do，也可用“Usedto do？”。 She used to go to work by bike.她过去经常骑自行车去上班。He didn t use to eat vegetables.他过去不经常吃蔬菜。Did you use to work into the night?你以前经常工作到深夜吗？拓展、be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”，属于被动语态。Wood is used to make paper.木材被用来造纸。、be/get used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”，to是介词。Im used to getting up earl
47、y.我已经习惯于早起。、be used for doing sth.意为“被用于做某事”，强调用途。The knives are used for cutting things.小刀被用于切东西。2.、She was always silent in class.她在课堂上总是不说话。(P26)silent是形容词，指人时，意为“不说话的；沉默的”；指事物时，意为“寂静的；无 声的”。 He couldnt speak English and was completely silent during the visit.他不会说英语，参观过 程中一言未发。The old house was quite silent.这所旧房子非常寂静。常用短语：be silent about/on意为“对保持沉默；对未提到“；keep silent保持沉默。拓展 silent、calm 和 quiet 辨析这几个形容词都有“安静；平静；寂静”的意思。在修饰环境时，calm指风平浪静， quiet