《第09讲 定语从句-（解析版）【暑假自学课】2022年新九年级英语暑假精品课（人教版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《第09讲 定语从句-（解析版）【暑假自学课】2022年新九年级英语暑假精品课（人教版）.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、第09讲定语从句酶【学习目标】 who、whom、whose 引导的定语从句。【详解】句意：我更喜欢与体育有关的新闻。考查定语从句的主谓一致。本句是定语从句，空格处在句子中作谓语，先行词是news,不 可数名词，关系代词that在定语从句作主语，可知谓语动词使用三单形式，应选A。3. The Palace Museum is the best place Ive ever visited.A. whoB. whenC. thatD. where【答案】C【详解】句意：故宫是我参观过的最好的地方。考查定语从句关系词。who先行词指人，且在从句中作主语；when先行词指时间，且在从 句中作时间状语
2、； that先行词指人或物，且在从句中作主语或宾语；where先行词指地点， 且在从句中作地点状语。题中先行词“place”由形容词最高级“thebest”修饰，且在从句中作宾 语，只能用that引导定语从句。应选C。4. I will leave the city I have lived for nearly 10 years.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where【答案】D【详解】句意：我将要离开这个我生活了近10年的城市。考查定语从句引导词。which哪一个，指代物；that那一个，指代人或物；when何时，指代 时间；where哪里，指代地点。句中“I will
3、 leave the city”句式结构完整，而且the city表示“地 点”，所以使用where引导定语从句，进一步说明先行词“the city”的情况，where在从句中作 地点状语。应选D。5. . The young lady is talking with our teacher comes from America.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. when【答案】B【详解】句意：正在和我们老师谈话的那位年轻女士来自美国。考查定语从句。where关系副词，指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语；that关系代词，可指 人，也可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代
4、词，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语； when关系副词，指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。从句的先行词是lady,指人,关系词 在定语从句中作主语，所以要用who或that。应选B。6. Confucius is a man had many wise ideas and thoughts.A. which【答案】BB. whoC. whomD. whose【详解】句意：孔子是一位有很多智慧的观点和想法的人物。考查定语从句。which指代物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who指代人，在定语从句中作 主语或宾语；whom指代人，在定语从句中作宾语；whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。 先行词a ma
5、n是指人，在定语从句“had many wise ideas and thoughts”中作主语，关系代词用 whOo应选B。7. I would like to book （预定）a room windows face south.A. whoB. whichC. whoseD. that【答案】C【详解】句意：我想订一间窗户朝南的房间。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，句子是定语从句，先行词a room”和空后的“windows” 存在所属关系（的），即房间的窗户，所以应该用关系代词whose来引导定语从句， 应选CoFriends are those help you when you a
6、re in trouble.A. whoB. whomC. whatD. how【答案】A【详解】句意：朋友是当你有麻烦的时候帮助你的那些人。考查定语从句。who指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom指代人，在定语从句中作 宾语；what什么；how怎样。先行词those”指人，在定语从句“help you when you are in trouble” 中作主语。用关系代词who。应选A。8. The students wear school uniforms look smarter.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. what【答案】A【详解】句意：穿校服的学生看起来更
7、聪明。考查定语从句。分析句子可知，本句是含定语从句的复合句，students是先行词，指人，引 导词在从句中作主语。应选A。9. 一 What kind of movies do you like?一 I prefer movies give me something to think about.A. thatB. whatC. where【答案】A【详解】句意： 你喜欢什么类型的电影？ 我喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。A. that：指人 或物，做主语或宾语；B.what什么，不能引导定语从句，排除；C.where哪里，先行词是 表示地点的。此题的先行词是movies,指物，因此用that来引
8、导。应选A。二、用所给单词的正确形式填空I love singers who beautiful. (be)【答案】are【详解】句意:我喜欢漂亮的歌手。这里先行词是singers,是复数形式，故be动词用复数，故填are. 12. I like the singer who(wear) cool clothes.【答案】wears【详解】句意：我喜欢那个穿酷衣服的歌手。根据句子成分分析和语境可知，从who到句末为定语 从句，修饰先行词the singer，所以在从句中作主语的关系代词who指代“the singer”；止匕处 “穿着酷衣服”应是在描述这个歌手此时的状态，所以时态应用一般现在时
9、；在此定从中， 主语“the singer”为三单，所以谓语动词也应用其单数形式wears。故填wears。13. The music which(play) on the erhu moved the foreigners very much.【答案】was played【详解】句意：用二胡演奏的音乐使外国人非常感动。根据题干可知，which引导定语从句，修饰前 面的music,而且music和play是被动关系，句子时态是一般过去时，因此用一般过去时的 被动语态，即was/were+动词的过去分词，music是单数，be动词用was, play的过去分词 是 played； 故填 was
10、playedo14. He prefers this group that(play) quiet and slow songs.【答案】plays【详解】句意：他更喜欢这组演奏起来安静而缓慢的歌曲。此处是定语从句的谓语，填动词；关系代 词that指代先行词this group在从句中当主语，句子讲述客观的事实，用一般现在时；this group是单数名词，谓语动词用单三形式；故填plays。三、用关系词填空. Yesterday I helped an old man lost his way.【答案】who【详解】句意：昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。这是一个定语从句，先行词是an old m
11、an,指人，关 系词用who,在句中作主语。故填who。15. The man you met just now is my friend.【答案】who#that#whom【详解】句意：你刚才遇到的那个人是我的朋友。根据情境可知，本句中的“you met just now”是定语 从句来修饰“the man，所填单词为关系代词，作为“met”的宾语，先行词the man”为人，关 系代词应该使用 who/that/whomo 故填：who/that/whomo16. This is the pen he bought yesterday.【答案】that#which#省略【详解】句意：这是他
12、昨天买的钢笔。根据句子结构可知从空处到句末是定语从句。先行词是“the pen”，指物，同时也作bought的宾语，所以应用that或which或省略，故填that/which/省略。 18. Football is a game is liked by most boys.【答案】which#that【详解】句意：足球是一项大多数男孩都喜欢的运动。分析句子可知，game在句中是先行词，指物, 要用关系代词which/that引导定语从句，在从句中充当主语。故填which/that。19. The boys are playing football are from Class One.【答案
13、】who#that【详解】句意：正在踢足球的男孩们是一班的。根据“The boys.are playing football are from Class One.”可知，缺少引导定语从句的引导词，又因先行词是the boys,是人，在从句中作主语, 因此用who/that引导。故填who/thato20. The photo we liked best was taken by Zhao Min.【答案】which/that【详解】句意：我们最喜欢的照片是赵民拍的。本句包含定语从句，先行词是photo照片是物，且引 导词在定语从句中作liked的宾语，所以关系代词可用which/that,故
14、填which/that021. He invented a camera was very small.【答案】which/that【详解】句意：他创造了一个非常小的相机。此题考查定语从句中的关系代词。根据先行词是camera, 意思是：相机。指的是物,用which/that,故填which/that。22. Hes the boy plays the piano very well.【答案】who/that【详解】句意：他是钢琴弹的很好的那个男孩。此题考查定语从句中的关系代词。根据先行词是“the boy”男孩,指人,关系代词用who/th天 故填who/that。关系词指代在定语从句中的作
15、用that既指人也指物作主语、宾语which指物作主语、宾语who指人作主语whom指人作宾语whose既指人也指物作定语二、定语从句(二)L先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但以下情况下，只能用that不用whicho.领先行词为指物的不定代词，如 all、everything something、anything nothing、none the one等时,只能用thatoThere is nothing that I can do for you .1) .领先行词被 the only、the very the last all no、little 等词修饰时，只能
16、用 that。This is the very book that Im looking fbr .2) .先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用that。This is the first textbook that I studied in the middle school.3) .先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时，只能用that。This is the most beautiful mountain that I have ever seen .4) .先行词既有人也有物时，只能that。He told us many interesting things and persons that we
17、had .2.先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但以下情况下，只能用which不用thato1) .关系代词前有介词时，关系词只能用which。This is the building in which he lives .2) .先行词本身是that时,关系词只能用which。The clock is that which tells the time .3) .引导非限定性的定语从句(先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开),关系词用whicho His book , which was lost last week , has been found now.3.先行词是
18、人时，一般情况下既可用who也可用that o但以下情况下，只能用who。1) .领先行词为those、one、ones anyone且作主语时，一般用who。Those who are singing are all my classmates .2) .在there be句型中，先行词指人时，只能用who。指物时用that。There is a girl who expects to see you .3) .领先行词是I、you、he、they等时，只能用who。He who plays with fire gets burned .三、定语从句(三)。由关系副词when、where w
19、hy引导的定语从句。where = in / at +which when = in / on / at +which why = for + which1 .由where引导的定语从句。1 ) .先行词是表示地点的名词2).在定语从句中作地点状语Is this the house where you lived ?= Is this the house in which you lived ?二 Is this the house which you lived in ?2 .由when引导的定语从句。1) .先行词是表示时间的名词2) .在定语从句中作时间状语I will never fo
20、rget the days when I met him .= I will never forget the days on which I met him.注：先行词是the last time时，when可省略。When was the last time you saw the parrot ?3.由why引导的定语从句。先行词为reason时，一般用why。why在句中作原因状语。We dont know the reason why they didnt come .四、考前须知：1 .关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，常可省略。The story he told was very po
21、pular .A.whoB.whom C.whose D. /.that who、which在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。I loves singers who _write(write) their own songs .She is one of the girls who studies(study) hard .2 .在定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的人称代词。Will you please show me the book yesterday?A. which you bought B. that you bought it C. you bought D
22、. you bought it.定语从句中whose确实定：无论先行词是人或物，在定语从句中做定语用whose。判断：看定语从句的主语前有无限定词(my、your Jims等)，假设没有，那么用whose。The girl parents work in Beijing is Kate .A. who B. whose C. which D. thatI know the boy . His handwriting is very good .= I know the boy _whose_ handwriting is very good. 五、定语从句的简化把定语从句简化为形容词短语、过去
23、分词短语、介词短语、现在分词短语。l.She received a box which was full of presents .She received a box full of presents .2.He likes reading books that was written by Luxun.He likes reading booking written by Luxun .3.1 like Chinese tea which has nothing in it.I like Chinese tea with nothing in it.4.Do you know the gi
24、rl who is wearing a red dress .Do you know the girl wearing a red dress .【考点剖析】考点1、考查指物的关系代词的用法1. The man is talking to the students is our English teacher.A. whoB. whichC. /【答案】A【详解】句意：和学生说话的那个人是我们的英语老师。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是人The man”，关系词在从句中作主语，用who 引导定语从句。应选A。2. Eileen Gu is an outstanding athlete （
25、运发动）has become more and more populararound the world since the 24th Olympic Winter Games.A. /B. whoC. whichD. what【答案】B【详解】句意：谷爱凌是一名出色的运发动，自从第24届冬奥会以来，她在世界各地越来越受欢迎。 考查定语从句。/不填；who指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which指代物，在定语从 句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句。根据“Eileen Gu.is an outstanding athlete”可知, 先行词“Eileen GiT是人，在从句中作主语，
26、用who作连接词。应选B。3. Mr. Brown is a teacher is strict with all his students.A. whoB. whichC. what【答案】A【详解】句意：Mr. Brown是一位对所有学生都很严格的老师。考查定语从句的引导词。who先行词为人；which先行词为物；what不引导定语从句。根据 Mr. Brown is a teacher.is strict with all his students.”可知，此题是一个定语从句，先行词是 “teacher，是指人，并且在从句中做主语的成分，需用who来引导。应选A。考点2、考查指人的关系代
27、词的用法I like the movies can give me something to think about.A. thatB. whatC. who【答案】A【详解】句意：我喜欢那些可以给我一些东西思考的电影。考查定语从句的关系代词。that指代人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定 语从句；who指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。先行词movies”电影，指的是物，定语 从句“can give me something to think about”缺主语，用关系代词“that。应选 AoI really enjoy the photo of my family my
28、 friend took yesterday.A. whoB. whatC. thatD. whose【答案】C【详解】句意：我真的很喜欢我朋友昨天拍的那张全家福。考查定语从句引导词。who关系代词，在定语从句中指人；what什么，不能引导定语从句; that用于引导限制性定语从句，指人或事物；whose关系代词，在定语从句中指“某人的或某 物的“，本身在从句中作定语。分析句子可知，此句为定语从句，先行词the photo，是物, 关系词在定语从句中做宾语，用关系代词that。应选C。1. Please show me the book you bought yesterday.A. whic
29、hB. whomC. whoseD. this【答案】A【详解】句意：请把你昨天买的那本书给我看看。考查定语从句关系词。which哪一个；whom谁；whose谁的；this这个。先行词是the book, 是物，在从句中做宾语，所以关系代词用that、which或省略。应选A。考点3、考查that与which用法区别Chinese Spelling Hero is the most popular TV show focuses on Chinese characterwriting among teenagers.A. thatB. whoC. whichD. what【答案】A【详解】句
30、意：关注青少年汉字书写的汉字英雄是最受欢迎的电视节目。考查定语从句。that； who； which；都可以当定语从句的关系词，that可代指表人或表物的 先行词在从句中当主语或宾语;who代指表“人”的先行词在从句中当主语,which代指表“物” 的先行词在从句中当主语或宾语，what不做定语从句的关系词；先行词TV show受最高级 修饰，关系代词只能用that；应选A。【点睛】解答此题是需注意，先行词TV show表“物”，关系代词可用that或which,因前有最高级修 饰，只能用that。1. 一Can I meet your headteacher, Mike?Sure. The
31、one wears a pair of glasses is my headteacher. Lefs go and say hello to him.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whom【答案】A【详解】句意：我能见见你的班主任吗，迈克?当然。戴眼镜的那个人是我的班主任。我们 去跟他打个招呼吧。考查定语从句。that代指人或物，作主宾；which代指物，作主宾；what什么，不用于定语 从句；whom代指人，作宾语；根据The one作先行词，指人，作定语从句的主语，所以用 “that”,应选 A。考点4、考查关系代词whose的用法Miss Wilson wants
32、to talk to the students homework hasnt been handed in on time.A. whichB. whoC. whose【答案】C【详解】句意：威尔森小姐想和那些没有按时上交家庭作业的学生谈谈。考查定语从句。which引导定语从句时，先行词为物，在定语从句中充当主语或宾语；who 引导定语从句时，先行词为人，在定语从句中充当主语或宾语；whose谁的，作定语。此处 表达“谁的家庭作业”用whose做定语。应选C。1. Have you seen a girl skirt is red?一Yes, she went to the library.A
33、. whoseB. whoC. whom【答案】A【详解】句意： 你见过一个裙子是红色的女孩吗?是的，她去了图书馆。考查关系代词。whose谁的，作定语；who谁，作主语；whom谁，作宾语；根据“agirl skirt”可知是女孩的裙子，可推测出此处是“whose”，应选A。2. John is the boy legs were badly hurt in the accident.A. whoseB. thatC. whoD. which【答案】A【详解】考查定语从句，先行词是theboy,定语从句中缺少定语，用whose引导定语从句，句意： 约翰是在事故中腿受伤的男孩。选A。【真题演练
34、】一Do you know the girl is standing over there?Yes. She is my sister.A. whenB. whereC. whoD. which【答案】C【详解】句意： 你认识站在那边的那个女孩吗？ 是的。她是我的妹妹。考查定语从句，when关系副词，在句子中作时间状语；where关系副词，在句子中作地点 状语；who关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语。 分析句子结构，可知是定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词是girl,指人，那么此处应用关系代 词who,在从句中作主语。应选C。1. The app “MAYI
35、” encourages people to give away the clothes they dont need to thepoor.A. whatB. whomC. whoD. that【答案】D【详解】句意：这款名为“MAY的应用鼓励人们把自己不需要的衣服送给穷人。考查定语从句关系词。根据“the clothes . they dont need”可知此处是定语从句，先行词“the clothes”指物，且在从句中作宾语,用that引导定语从句。应选D。2. The man gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous scient
36、ist.A. whoB. whoseC. which【答案】A【详解】句意：昨天给我们做科学报告的那个人是一位著名的科学家。考查定语从句。Who引导定语从句时，在从句中作主语或宾语，指代人；whose引导定语从 句时，在从句中作定语，指代人或物；which引导定语从句口寸，在从句中作主语或宾语，指 代物。分析句子结构可知，该句是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是“The man”,指人，在 从句中作主语，所以关系词用who,应选A。3. My neighbors are talking about the dog and the child were saved by the firefighte
37、rs.A. whoB. thatC. which【答案】B【详解】句意：我的邻居正在谈论被消防员救助的狗和小孩。考查定语从句。who指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；that指代人或物，在定语从句中 作主语或宾语；which指代物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。先行词the dog and the child” 即有人也有物，用关系代词“that”，在从句中作主语。应选B。4. I like to live in a house is big and bright.A. whoB. whereC. thatD. why【答案】C【详解】句意：我喜欢住在一个大而明亮的房子。考查定语从句。Who关系代
38、词，指人，作主语和宾语；where关系副词，作状语；that关系 代词，指人或物，作主语和宾语；why关系副词，作状语。根据题干可知，先行词为house, 表示物，空处在从句中作主语，结合选项，只有C选项符合，应选C。5. My teacher asks me to write a report about a book name is Christmas Carol.A. whichB. whoseC. whos【答案】B【详解】句意：我的老师让我写一篇关于一本名叫圣诞颂歌的书的报告。考查定语从句。which关系代词，指物，作主语或宾语；whose关系代词，指人或物，作定 语；who，s谁是
39、；分析句子结构可知，先行词是book,在从句中修饰name,作定语，应用 whose,应选 B。6. The man to my father is speaking is my uncle.A. himB. thatC. whoD. whom【答案】D【详解】句意：同我爸爸讲话的那个人是我的叔叔。此题考查定语从句的关系词。Speak to sb意为“和某人说话”；定语从句中speak为不及物动 词，因为先行词The man指人，其关系词用介词t。加whom；应选D。7. . I will never forget the day I joined the army.A. thatB. whe
40、nC. in whichD. where【答案】B【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记我参军的那一天。考查定语从句关系副词。that是定语关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；when是定语 从句关系副词，在句中作时间状语；in which相当于where,在定语从句中作关系副词； where是定语从句关系副词，在句中作地点状语。先行词是the day,作定语从句I joined the army的时间状语，用关系副词when,应选B。8. I like the city the people are really kind and friendly.A. thatB. whichC. whereD.
41、when【答案】C【详解】句意：我喜欢这个城市，那里的人真的很善良和友好。考查定语从句关系词。that关系代词，先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；which关 系代词，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；where关系副词，先行词指地点，在从句中 作地点状语；when关系副词，先行词指时间，在从句中作时间状语；句中先行词the city” 指地点，再由“the people are really kind and friendly”可知从句中缺少地点副词，用where引 导定语从句。应选C。9. We shouldnt forget the people gave us a hand whe
42、n we were in trouble.A. whatB. whoseC. who【答案】C【详解】句意：我们不应该忘记那些在我们遇到困难时帮助过我们的人。考查定语从句。what不能引导定语从句；whose关系代词，先行词指人或物，在从句中作定 语；who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；句子先行词是“the people”，在从 句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句，应选C。a【过关检测】选择Do you know the girl is talking with our teacher?Oh, shes my sister.A. whoB. whoseC. whomD. where【答案】A【详解】句意： 你知道正在与我们的老师交谈的那个女孩吗？一一哦，她是我姐姐。考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词girl指人，且在定语从句中作主语，关系词用who或 that,结合选项，应选A。1. I prefer news that about sports.A. isB. areC. haveD. with【答案】A