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1、m圄商国natsiEi圆UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT（主题语境：人与社会取得伟大成就的人物）课前自主预习I .单词巧练写准并记牢高考与教材分类识记课标词汇（一）重点词汇一我会写1. crucial.至关重要的；关键性的2. vital必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的3. obtain.（尤指经努力）获得；赢得说.（规章、习俗等）存在；流行4. defeat n.失败；挫败.击败；战胜5. insist vi,& vt.坚持；坚决要求6. mostly 。曲.主要地；一般地7. circumstance n. usually p/.条件；环境；状 况8. flow
2、n.流；流动；流畅；供应式.流；流动9. chart n.图表”.记录；制订计划10. infer ”.推断；推定11. theoryn.理论；学说12. patentn.专利；专利证书；获得专利adj.有专利的；受专利保护的13. devicen.方法；技巧；装置；仪器14. sum vi.总结;概括机金额；款项；总数；总 和15. draft n.草稿；草案”.起草；草拟（二）阅读词汇一我会认1. physiology n.生理学； 生理机能2. botanical adj.植物学的3. property n. 性质； 特征； 财产4. substance n, 物质；物品；事实根据5.
3、flee vi.& 77f（fled, fled） 迅速离开；逃跑1 .（2021 全国新高考 I 卷）In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act （Act）, an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory （迁徙的）waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.2 .（2020-全国卷 I） “This really
4、excites scientists, “ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, u because it means we have the chanceto obtain （obtain）information about how the moon is constructed.n3 . （2020全国卷 I）The kids apparently know the truth.But ourinsisting （insist） itsmerely a window has kept them from attempti
5、ng millions of requests to open the door.4 . （2020天津卷）What could be inferred （infer） from Paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD?5 . （2020-江苏卷）Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists9 lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in_ theory, should allow his body to rel
6、y mainly on fat for fuel.6 . （2020天津卷）Sound can be used as a weapon.Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief.The thief tries to escape.And the officer cant let him get away.He pulls out aspecial device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on.The thief drops to thein consequence of/as a
7、 consequence of=as a result of 由于原因(2)consequent 的.随之发生的consequently odo.所以； 因而即学即用单句语法填空She was a bright and eager student and,consequently (consequence), did well in school.The warming of the earth and theconsequent (consequence) climatic changes affect us all.(2020全国 I 卷)1 wonder if parents shoul
8、d always tell the truth no matter the consequences (consequence).句式升级The farm was flooded, and as a result, most of the harvest was lost.f The farm was flooded, andas a consequence , most of the harvest was lost.f The farm was flooded, andconsequently/therefore most of the harvest was lost.8. take u
9、p a position 担任；任职j教材原句After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. (Pg)在欧洲待了一段时间后，他最终在美国普林斯顿大学高等研究院找到了一份研究员的工作。词块必记take apart 拆开take down往下拽；记下；撤除take in欺骗；吸入；理解；收留take off(飞机)起飞；(事业)成功；脱下(衣服)take on呈现；雇用；承当takeo
10、ver接管；接替take up开始从事；继续；占据I即学即用用适当的介词或副词填空You have to takedownthe points in class to go over after class.We eventually took offat 11 oclock and arrived in Venice at 1 30 pm.Thanks to the reform and opening-up policy, China has taken on a new look.The kind old lady offered to take in the poor homeless
11、 stranger.He will take over my job while I am on holiday.10Many young men want to takeup a position in a charity organization to help more people.典型句式精折1. sb.is thought to do sth.某人被认为,教材原句JArtemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year
12、in Africa alone.(P2)青蒿素已经成为治疗疟疾的关键局部，人们认为青蒿素每年仅在非洲就能救十万人。k考点必记IX(l)Ifs said/thought/reported/hoped/agreed/proved that,据说/大家认为/据报道/大家希望/据同意/据证 实(2)以上结构可以改为以下两种简单句形式：Sb./Sth. + be+believed/said/thought/reported to do sth. (hope 除夕卜)(2)People/Sb. + believe/say/think/report/.+that.M名师点津在“主语+be+said/expe
13、cted+ to do”结构中，不定式的形式取决于它与谓语动作发生的先后关系。 之后或几乎同时发生，常用一般式(t。do)；强调同时发生时还可用进行式(t。be doing)；之前发生用完成式(to have done)oj即学即用单句语法填空 It is generally believed that IT has both advantages and disadvantages.It is hoped that the cost of medical care can be cut down.Hes thought to be (be) one of the richest men in
14、 Europe.句式升级People believe that education is the most important issue facing the government.fIt is believed hat education is the most important issue facing the government.()-* Education is believed to b。 the most important issue facing the government.2. upon/on doing当时； 就j教材原句Upon hearing that she
15、had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country”(P3)当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她就说：“这荣誉不仅仅属于我。也属于我背后的团队以及我的祖国 的人民”11K考点必记(l)upon/on doing是介词短语用作时间状语，意为“一就”(2)表示“一就”的结构还有：the minute, the moment, the instant, as soon as, immediat
16、ely, directly,instantly, hardly .when., no sooner.than., On/Upon.等。j即学即用单句语法填空Onfinishing (finish) it, I was struck by the feeling that it was the best composition I had everwritten. Instantly (instant) Wang Yaping, a female astronaut, turned up at the meeting, the people applauded loudly.一句多译(2018北
17、京高考总分值作文)他们一到我们学校，就迫不及待地参观我们的茶馆，那里陈列着许多茶具。(3) The instant/Instantly they arrived at our school ， they couldnt wait to visit our tea house, where a lot of tea sets were on display, (instant) On arriving at our school , they couldnt wait to visit our tea house, where a lot of tea sets were on display.
18、(on)课后巩固运用I.单句语法填空1. The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experience staff committed (commit) to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment.2. Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation (evaluate).3. Could you tell me what I have to do
19、 to obtain (obtain) a student visa and how long the process will take?4. It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged (acknowledge) that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men.5. Damaged but not defeated (defeat), he was still ahead of me.6. (2019全国 II 卷)Another
20、 way of setting realistic goals is to analyse (analyse)your short and long term objectives (objective), keeping (keep) in mind your beliefs, values and strengths.7. Founded (found) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s.8. They are not allow
21、ed to use a dictionary, and much of the meaning must be inferred (infer) from the context.9. I never told my mother about my miraculousexperience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable (remark) improvement in my classroom performance during the next year.10. Being able to read people helps k
22、ids from misreading a situation and jumping to a false conclusion12(conclude).II .完成句子1 .被邀请来参加本次夏令营开幕式我深感荣幸。(It is an honor for sb.to do sth.)It is a great honor for me to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of the summer camp.2 .普遍认为新鲜食物对我们的健康有益。(acknowledge)It is generally acknowledged that
23、 fresh food is beneficial to our health.3 .我们负责任地控制住自己对环境的影响是至关重要的。(crucial)It is crucial that we responsibly manage our impact on the environment.4 .他希望公司能注意改善员工的工作与生活的平衡。(pay attention to)He hopes companies will pay attention to improving work-life balance for their employees.5 .笑被认为是人类表达情感的最简单的方式
24、之一。(think)Laughter is thought to be one of the easiest ways to express feelings.6 .我们本不该花钱去给那么多人做检查的，他们大多数都很健康。(非限制性定语从句)We shouldnt have spent our money testing so many people, most of whom are healthy .HI.教材与语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Tu Youyou 1 , was awarded (award) the Nobel Prize for
25、Physiology or Medicine in 2015.Her research led 2. to the discovery of artemisinin, which is thought 3, to save (save) 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.Tu Youyou, a 4. committed (commit) and patient scientist, graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.In 1969, she decided to review
26、 ancient Chinese medical texts to find 5. traditional (tradition) botanical treatments for the disease. One medical text suggested 6, using (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Later, by experiments, she concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood 7. apparently (apparent) destroyed
27、its medical properties. Finally, they succeeded 8. in discovering artemisinin.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, Tu Youyou said that the honour belonged to all the people of the country. It was indeed 9. an honour for Chinas 10. scientific (science) research and Chinese medicine
28、 to be spread around the world.M单元主题与高考写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成总分值作文请根据以下提示写一篇英语短文，介绍著名呼吸病学专家钟南山。内容要点如下：L 1936年10月出生于一个医学世家，福建厦门人；7 .1960年毕业于北京医学院(今北京大学医学部)；3 . 2003年他是抗击“非典”的英雄，2020年他在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎中作出突出贡献；4 .致力于呼吸道疾病的研究和治疗。参考词汇：呼吸道疾病respiratory diseases新型冠状病毒肺炎COVID-19Bom in a medical family, in Oct. 1936,
29、Zhong Nanshan comes from Xiamen, Fujian Province. When young, he 1 . had a strong passion for (对有强烈的热情)medicine.13Zhong Nanshan, who graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1960, 2. is acknowledged as （被公认为）one of the most outstanding experts in the medical field.In 2003, he was a hero in
30、 defeating SARS during the SARS outbreak.In 2020, he made an outstanding contribution when fighting against COV-ID-19.Zhong Nanshan 3. is committed to（全身心地投入）researching and treating respiratory diseases, whosework 4. is vital to （对是至关重要的）the health of the Chinese people.UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTU
31、RE（主题语境：人与社会科技与未来生活）课前自主预习I .单词巧练14写准并记牢高考与教材分类识记课标词汇（一）重点词汇一我会写1. phrasen.短语2. switch”转换；交换vt.&式.（使）改变；转变n.开关；转换器；改变3. remote 以/.远程的；偏远的4. routine zt.常规；正常顺序。力常规的；日常的5. critical 3.严重的；关键的；批判性的6. available 。的可茨得的；可购得的；（人）有空的7. structure n.结构；体系”系统安排；精心组织8. forecast vt.& n.预测；预报9. emphasis n.强调；重视；重要
32、性10. career n.职业；事业11. paragraph n.段；段落12. essay n.文章（二）阅读词汇一我会认1. mode n, 模式；方式；风格2. cancer n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤3. leak vi.& vt. 漏；渗漏；透露 n. 漏洞；裂缝; 透露4. fantasy n. 幻想； 想象5. nevertheless adv,尽管如此； 不过； 然而6. artificial adj. 人工的； 人造的； 假的7. clone”.克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制.克隆动物（或植物）1.（2020浙江卷）In Bellevue, the switch to_ adapti
33、ve signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches.2 .（2021浙江卷）Leslie Nielsens childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life 一 his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career i
34、n acting.3. （2021 浙江卷）Which of the following can replace the underlined word charts” in_ paragraph 2?4. （2020全国卷 ni）Theyll have out half the goods in the shop, and want the only style you dont have left in a particular colour.I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them _to
35、 keep （keep） smiling.5. （2021-3 月天津卷）Both adults and youngsters aged 13 + are required to deliver our newspaper. You may have to cover somedistance（distant）.Bicycles are available if needed.6. （2020江苏卷）The healthsecurity（secure） systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation.7.
36、 （2020浙江卷）In the past, there was8. hence adv. 因此；由此cease vi.& vt.（使）停止； 终止9. luxury n. 奢华prospect n.可能性； 前景10. signpost n.路标Christian n.基督教徒adj, 基督教的（三）拓展词汇我会变persuade 劝说；说服fpersuasion n.劝说，说服（力）fpersuasive。力.有说服力的；劝说的1. distant 力遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的f distance n.距离；远方；疏远”.疏远；把远远甩在后面2. secure。矽平安的；安心的；可
37、靠的；牢固的”.获得; 拴牢；保护f security.保护措施；平安工作automatic ”切自动的 fautomatically 仅如自动地5.integrated a/各局部密切协调的；综合的f integrate 加&”（使）合并；成为一体6. sensor n.传感器；敏感元件一 sense n.意识； 感觉”.感觉到；意识到;理解7. efficient adj.效率高的；有功效的 f efficiency n.效率；功率8. preference n. 爱好； 偏爱f prefer 沅& .更喜 欢；宁愿9.instant .瞬间；片刻。的立即的；速食的；速溶的 f insta
38、ntly加.立即； 立刻； 马上10. command n.指令；命令；控制”.命令；控制f commander n.指挥官，司令官11. obey况服从；遵守f disobey 况.& .不服 从；不遵守12. warning n.警告；警示；先兆fwarn vi.&vt.警告13. constant 但不断的；重复的；不变的机常数；常量 f constantlyodv.不断地14. abnormal/,不正常的；反常的fnormal adj.正常的15. potentially.潜在地；可能地f potential adj.often an automatic reaction to in
39、creased traffic： just widen the roads, says Mark Poch, the Bellevue Transportation Departments traffic engineering manager.8 . (2020全国卷 I)The engineers at the MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)have taken it a step furtherchanging the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform
40、diverse , even unusual functions.These include plants that have sensors (sensor) printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect (detective) harmful chemicals in groundwater.9 .(2020-山东卷)People,s attention wanders constantly (constant). In fact, most people o
41、nly absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message.So, dont stop speaking when you make a mistake unless ifs a truly serious one.10 .(2020天津卷)Your local library can help you start a business by providing relevant (relevance) information and supporting services.11 .(2020-江苏卷 /Technological innovations
42、 (innovation), combined with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.12 . (2021-3 月天津卷)As working from home becomes increasingly common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.13 .(2021-3 月天津卷)Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. Th
43、is requires commitment to a particular occupation (occupy), branch of study or research.14 . (2020江苏卷) In rural areas, where ambulances can take a relatively15可能的；潜在的.潜力；可能性16. electrical 的.电的；用电的f electricity n.电 力；电流f electric 功电的；电动的；发电的； 导电的wiring n.电线线路；线路系统f wire n.电 线；金属丝（或线）”.接通电源；将连接到f wire
44、less力;无线的detect ”发现；查明f detective n.侦探f detection.侦查；觉察；觉察；检查17. relevant想/.有关的；有意义的f relevance .中 肯；关联；相关性f irrelevant adj.无关的;无意义 的innovation n. 创新；仓ll造finnovate.改革；创新crime n.犯罪活动；不法行为fcriminal adj.犯罪的；刑事的combine vt.& 式.（使）结合； 混合fcombinationn.结合；结合到一起的事物或人predict预测；预言；预料fprediction n.预测；预言occupati
45、on n.职业；占领foccupy ”侵 占,占据oppose”反对；抵抗；阻挠fopposed她.强烈反对的；截然不同的absence n.不存在；缺乏；缺席fabsent adj.缺席的，不在场的rural .乡村的；农村的一urban 力城市的；都市的advocate 提倡；支持；拥护机提倡者；支持者； 拥护者fadvocation n.拥护，支持18. resist vi.& .抵抗；对抗；抵挡fresistance .抵抗；反对；抗拒f resistanta3.有抵抗力的19. accurate a矽.精确的；准确的accuracy n.准确（性）；精确（程度）20. librari
46、an n.图书管理员；图书馆馆长flibraryn.图书馆long time to arrive, the phone boxes have taken on a lifesaving role.15. （2020江苏卷）LoveFone, a company that advocates （advocate） repairing cellphones rather than abandoning them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.16. （2020山东卷）At the Jorvik Centre in Yor
47、k, the citys Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town.Historical accuracy （accurate） is important but so is entertainment.17. . （2020-天津卷）Many libraries （library） will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce（商 会）and government agencies, and they will offer printing, faxing and database services you need.18. （2021 全国新高考 I 卷）In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency （efficient）, You can tell this by cafes life. French cafes are always c