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1、高考与教材1. （2020全 国卷 II）The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied （multiple）like crazy.2. （2021 全国甲卷）Its the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at
2、the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.3. . （2021-1 月浙江卷）What has caused the decrease in Australian childrens physical activity?4. （2020山东卷）In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected （suspect）of dru
3、g dealing.5. （2020全国卷 III） If you do, you wont be able to handle （handle）it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyones day.6. （2020全国卷 Unofficial reports suggest that the number ofhouseholds（household）with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 i
4、n 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.7. （2020全国卷 III）Published statistics （statistic） is the authors statement about multigenerational family based on.8. （2020.江苏卷）But if you do it too often, you can transform （改变;转变）in the eyes圜圄ID国圈旗巨画UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS（主题语境：人与社会科学与科学家）课前自主预习I ,单词巧练写准并记牢分类识记课标词汇（一
5、）重点词汇一我会写1. subscribe .认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会 费）2. household九一家人;家庭；同住一所（套）房子的 人3. suspect ”&式.怀疑；疑有；不信任儿犯罪嫌疑 人；可疑对象4. blame ”.把归咎于；责怪；指责.责备；指责5. handle n.把手；拉手；柄”.处理；搬动；操 纵（车辆、动物、工具等）6. link n.联系；纽带”.把连接起来；相关联7. raw。矽.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的8. decrease n.减少；降低；减少量”.&沅.（使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低9. thinking.思想；思维；见解10.
6、cell.细胞；小房间；单间牢房11. virus n.病毒12. finding n.发现；调查结果；（法律）判决13. solid4”可靠的;固体的；坚实的.固体14. cast .投射；向投以（视线、笑容等）；投 掷15. shadow n.阴影；影子；背光处16. pour ”倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）17. leadershipn.领导；领导地位；领导才能18. outstanding力优秀的；杰出的；明显的19. gifted。矽有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪明的breakout, break off, breakthrough, break in, break into, breakdo
7、wn, breakupThe meeting didntbreak up until noon.A big firebroke out in the town last night.Dontbreak in while others are speaking.After ten years of hard work, his health is breaking down .We hope tobreak through soon in the fight against AIDS.There was no one nearby who might see him trying to brea
8、k into the house.The two countriesbroke off diplomatic relations because of war.8. in charge of 主管；掌管I教材原句 JHe received a heros welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing Chinas rocket science but also its space and missile programme.(Pg)他受到了来自祖国的英雄般的欢迎，不仅被任命负责开展中国的火箭事业还有
9、它的太空导弹工程。词块必记(l)in charge负责；掌管in the charge of sb./in ones charge 由负责take charge of 掌管/负责(2)free of charge 免费(3)charge sb. for sth.为某物向某人收取费用charge sb. with (doing) sth.控告某人(做)某事T即学即用单句语法填空They left me in chargeof the children for a week.I am leaving the schoolin your charge.How much did they charge
10、 for the repairs?句式升级He is in charge of the newspapers advertisement section.f The newspapers advertisement sectionis in the charge of him .f The newspapers advertisement sectionis in his charge .典型句式精析1 . where引导的定语从句j教材原句Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had
11、lived.(P2)10斯诺先在地图上标出了所有死者曾经生活的精确地点。K考点必记IX(l)where引导定语从句时，其先行词一般是表示地点的名词，它在定语从句中作地点状语，此时where 相当于 at/in/on +whicho(2)用where引导的定语从句，先行词不一定是表示地点的名词，因为先行词也可能是含有抽象地点意 义的名词。如：point, case, stage, condition, situation, occasion, activity, relationshipo(3)使用where引导时在从句里的意思为“在情况/程度/关系/状况下”“在关系中”“在中”等。I即学即用单
12、句语法填空This zoo is not the only placewhere the animal can be seen.Shes got herself into a dangerous situation where shes likely to lose her life.(DNoise is coming to the point where we cant put up with it.I have heard of a casewhere a soldier riding a bus did not offer his seat to a woman with a baby.
13、2 .that引导表语从句j教材原句The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.(Pa) 事实是宽街水泵的水已被废物污染了。k考点必记IX(1)附属连词that引导表语从句时，没有实际意义，也不作任何成分，仅起连接作用。但通常不可省略。(2)可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear等。(3)在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”表示， should 可省略。常见的词有 advice,
14、suggestion, order, proposal, plan, idea 等。I即学即用 J单句语法填空The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.The chance isthat our team will finish at the top, as our remaining matc
15、hes arent too difficult.完成句子我难过的原因是他没有理解我。The reason why I was sad was that he didnt understand me .我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。11My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow课后巩固运用I .单句语法填空1. We are faced with two apparently contradictory (contradict) statements.2. The vaccine was used to protect the w
16、hole population against infection (infect).3. The authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.4. I think Tom, rather than you is to blame (blame) for the matter.5. . Pilcher was suspected (suspect) of giving away government secrets to the enemy.6. Most
17、 customers were satisfied with the way their complaints were handled (handle).7. Despite the intervention (intervene) of the international community, the two countries were unable to settle their differences.8. To decrease (decrease) the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governm
18、ents are requiring people to recycle materials.9. (2020天津卷)Thanksto the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the soundwithout upsetting the boy or his parents.10. . (2020江苏卷)The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation (transform).11. .
19、完成句子1 .我们还没决定去哪儿过暑假。(疑问词+ todo)We havent decided where to go for our summer holiday.2 .放学后我要去修自行车。(have sth.+y.-ed)ril have my bike repaired after school.3 .通常，公共汽车太拥挤，我们找不到坐的地方。(so.that)Usually, its so crowded on the bus that we cant find anywhere to sit.4 .今年春季我国的所有学校推迟开学的原因是新冠病毒的全球爆发。(表语从句；定语从句)T
20、he reason why all schools in our country delayed opening this spring is that the novel coronavirus broke out all over the world .5 .这位老师不能理解的是对她的课感兴趣的学生越来越少。(what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句) What the teacher couldnt understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.6 .我感觉我的心脏好像停止跳动了。
21、(as if引导表语从句)I felt as if my heart had stopped .此教材与语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。John Snow Defeats King Cholera”Cholera used to be one of the most feared 1, diseases (disease) in the world until John Snow showed how it could be overcome. Cholera, as 2, a deadly disease of its day, threatened
22、ordinary people. No12 one knew its cause or its cure. Every time cholera broke out, large numbers of 3. frightened (frighten) people died. John Snow was determined 4. to solve (solve) this problem. He knew only if he found its cause would it be controlled.There were two theories that 5. possibly (po
23、ssible) explained how people got infected. John Snow 6. subscribed (subscribe) to the theory that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.In 1854 another outbreak of cholera hit London. John Snow began to investigate. He marked the places on a map, 7, which gave him a valuable
24、 clue about the cause of the disease. He found many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street. Some households had no deaths 8. because these people drank free beer. It seemed that the water pump was 9. to blame (blame). He made further research and concluded that polluted water led to
25、the disease. Finally “King Cholera 10. was defeated (defeat). Thanks to John Snow, we now know how to prevent cholera.M单元主题与高考写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成总分值作文假定你是李华，应你校校报英文版编辑邀请写一篇介绍亚历山大.弗莱明的短文，写作要点如下：1.简 要介绍人物；2.人物的贡献；3.对人物进行评价。1. Born in Scotland (出生在苏格兰)，Alexander Fleming was brought up by his mother and
26、his elder brother.Supported by them, the brilliant boy got educated in a medical school in London. 2, After graduating from college (大学毕业之后),he made great contributions to medical science, but 3. it was his discovery of penicillin that (正是他发现了青霉素)earned him a lasting reputation.Once and for all, he
27、was known for that achievement, 4. for which he received a Nobel Prize (为此他获得 了诺贝尔奖).It is clear that Fleming is one of the most outstanding scientists in history.UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES(主题语境：人与社会跨文化沟通)课前自主预习I .单词巧练13写准并记牢高考与教材分类识记课标词汇（一）重点词汇一我会写1. complex.复杂的；难懂的；（语法）复合的2. recall m &式.记起;回想起3. inv
28、olve”.包含；需要；涉及；影响；（使）参加4. insight几.洞察力；眼光5. departure n.离开；启程；出发6. setting .环境；背景；（小说等的汁青节背景7. grasp”,理解；领会；抓紧8. dramatic必.巨大的；突然的；急剧的；喜居U（般）的1 .(2020-全国卷 II)However, boys tended to play with more complex (complex) puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were m
29、ore active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.2 .(2021-全国甲卷)Because this activity will be presented on the English website, Isincerely (sincere)want you to offer me some advice.3 . (2020.浙江卷)These lights, known as adaptive (adapt)signals. have led to9. expense.费用；花费；开销matureQ的.成熟的10. deny.
30、否认；否认；拒绝gain.获得；赢得；取得；增加n.好处；增加angle n.角；角度；立场11. belt n.腰带；地带initiativen.建议；新方案12. budgetn. 预算outcomen.结果；效果（二）阅读词汇一我会认tutor n.助教；导师；家庭教师1. citevt.引用；引述messengern.送信人；信使2. zone n.土也区；土也带；区域homesickness n.思乡病；乡愁3. advisor n. 顾问reasonable adj.有道理的；合情理的4. boom vi.& n.迅速开展； 繁荣perspective n. 角度； 观点5. ou
31、tlook n. 前景； 可能性； 观点（三）拓展词汇我会变1. qualify vt.&式.（使）具备资格；（使）合格fqualifiedadj.具备的学历；符合资格的f qualification机资格；学历2. ambition n.追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负f ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的adaptation n.适应；改编本f adapt”.适应;改编 fadaptive.适应的fadaptable 力.能适应的，有适应能力的3. comfort n.抚慰；令人感到抚慰的人或事物；舒服； 安逸加抚慰；抚慰fcomfortable 力使人舒服的;舒适的；愉快放松的；
32、安逸的f comfortably qQ.舒服地；舒适地；安逸地f uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.4 .（2020-全国卷 I）They are qualified （qualify）for the marathon.5 .（2020-全国卷 I）The language is almost intoxicating （令人陶醉的）,an aging writer looking back on an ambitio
33、us （ambition）yet simpler time.6 . （2020山东卷）People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable （comfort）.7 . （2020山东卷）Al ways make your presentation （present） just a bit shorter than anticipated.8 . （2020天津卷）In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to present （present）an argu
34、ment.9 .（2020-江苏卷） Adapted （adapt）in imaginative ways, many have reappeared on city streets and village greens housing tiny cafes, cellphone repair shops or even defibrillator machines （除颤器）.10 .（2021 浙江卷）My dad, George, only had an eighth grade education. A quiet man, he didnt understand my world o
35、f school activities. From age 14, he worked. And his dad, Albert, took the money my dad earned and used it to pay family expenses （expense）. 11 . （202。全国卷 II） “Nicolo, ” whose real name cannot be exposed （expose） to the public because of Italys privacy laws, finished working the whole night at a fac
36、tory in Turin.12. （2020全国卷 III）Stories like that are more common in parts of the worldsignificant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.11 .（2020-全国卷 I）They are qualified （qualify）for the marathon.12 .（2020-全国卷 I）The language is almost intoxicating （令人陶醉的）,an aging w
37、riter looking back on an ambitious （ambition）yet simpler time.13 . （2020山东卷）People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable （comfort）.14 . （2020山东卷）Al ways make your presentation （present） just a bit shorter than anticipated.15 . （2020天津卷）In writing Paragraph 1, the auth
38、or aims to present （present）an argument.16 .（2020-江苏卷） Adapted （adapt）in imaginative ways, many have reappeared on city streets and village greens housing tiny cafes, cellphone repair shops or even defibrillator machines （除颤器）.17 .（2021 浙江卷）My dad, George, only had an eighth grade education. A quiet
39、 man, he didnt understand my world of school activities. From age 14, he worked. And his dad, Albert, took the money my dad earned and used it to pay family expenses （expense）. 11 . （202。全国卷 II） “Nicolo, ” whose real name cannot be exposed （expose） to the public because of Italys privacy laws, finis
40、hed working the whole night at a factory in Turin.12. （2020全国卷 III）Stories like that are more common in parts of the world145. participateoi.参力口； 参与f participation n. 参 加1;参与fparticipant n.参与者； 参加者6. presentation n.报告；陈述；出示；拿出f present adj.现存的；当前的；在场；出席；存在n.礼 物；礼品；目前；现在把交给；颁发；授 予；提出；提交；（以某种方式）展现，显示，
41、表现 7. engage式.参加；参与（活动）”.吸引（注意力、兴趣）一 engaged。力.忙于；从事于；已订婚；被占用的；使用中的 engagementm订婚；约定；预约8. . motivate ”成为的动机；激发；激励fmotivation n. 动力； 积极性； 动机fmotivated4力.积极的；主动的9. expectation n.期望；预期；期待f expect v.预 料；预期；预计；期待；盼望10. applicant n.申请人f apply o.申请， 使用； 涂f application n.申请；申请书；应用；涂抹11. firm n.公司；商行；事务所。的.结
42、实的；牢固的； 坚定的f firmly adv.结实地；牢固地；坚定地12. expose ”.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于（险境）f exposure .接触;体验；暴露；揭露fexposed。力.无遮蔽的；无保护的；暴露的13. . behave ”.表现vi. & .表现得体；有礼貌f behavior n.行为；表现；（生物的）习性14. . surrounding a的.周围的；附近的 f surroundings p/环境；周围的事物f surround ”.围绕；环 绕；（使）包围，围住15. optimistic q的.乐观的一optimist n.乐观主义者；乐观的人fop
43、timism n.乐观主义16. competence n.能力；胜利；本领一 competent a御有能力的;称职的17. cooperate 合作；协作；配合f cooperation .合作；协作；协助；配合f cooperative adi. 合作的；协作的；同心协力的f cooperatorn.合作者where multigenerational living is more firmly (firm)rooted.13. (2021-1 月浙江卷)The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and
44、 well-being, as well as lost opportunities(机会)for children to get to know their localsurroundings(surround).14. .(2020-江苏卷)Multiple genes behaved (behave) differently,depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking.15. (2021 全国新高考 I 卷)Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelli
45、gence run far ahead of what research canreasonably(reasonable) support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.16. (2021-3 月天津卷)He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair again for free. And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them
46、 but didnt have the budget to buy (buy) one.17. (2021 全国新高考I卷)Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a persons makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability,optimism(optimistic) and people ski
47、lls.”1518. sincerely ado.真诚地；老实地f sincere adj. 真诚的；老实的f sincerity n.诚意；真挚；纯 粹19.logical。力.合乎逻辑的；合情合理的f logically ada合乎逻辑地；合情合理地f illogical.不合乎逻辑的；不合情合理的f logically。心.不合乎 逻辑地；不合情合理地鸳联想积累：1 .以-ant结尾表示人身份的名词叩plicant申请人merchant商人immigrant移民，侨民assistant 助手accountant 会计servant 仆人participant n.参与者； 参加者 2.与“性格”有关的形容词小结 stubborn固执的easy-going随和的outgoing外向的gentle温和的optimistic乐观的outspoken 坦率的3. “鼓舞；激励”家族inspire vt.鼓舞；激发(Dinspiration n.鼓舞encourage”鼓励；激励 encouragement n.鼓励；激励 motivate”.激发；激励 motivation n,激发；激励II .短语巧练写准并记牢高考与教材1. take turns轮流2. adapt to适应3. participate in 参加；参与4. spea