名词和代词ppt课件.ppt

《名词和代词ppt课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《名词和代词ppt课件.ppt（55页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。

1、第一讲 名词和代词 Where there is a will, there is a way.Review五种基本句型一： （主谓）二： （主系表）三： （主谓宾）四： （主谓间宾直宾）五： （主谓宾宾补）练一练1.这所房子花了我一大笔钱。(cost) 2.昨天的大雨使得我们没能踢球。(preventfrom)3.日本位于中国的东部。(lie)4.在业余时间里，他专心致志的学习。(devote)5.你每天花多少时间上网？(spend)：.The house cost me a large sum of money.The rain prevented me from playing bask

2、etball yesterday.Japan lies to the east of China.He devoted himself to study in the spare time.How much time do you spend on the internet everyday?contents一、名词1. 概述概述 2. 可数名词 Countable Noun 3. 不可数名词 Uncountable Noun4. 名词的所有格 Possessive Case 5. 名词的句法功能 Syntactic Function of Noun6. 需要注意的两个问题 二、代词1. 概述

3、大 类 次 类 例 词 Proper Noun John, London, Mexico Common NounCountable Noun Individual Noun map, box, story Collective Noun people, family, committee, cattle, mankind, police Uncountable NounMaterial Noun water, metal, ice, tea Abstract Noun honesty, happiness 1.The storm has caused _ to this region. A.

4、many damages B. much damages C. much damageD. few damages2. Success in life is not_ you make. A. what moneyB. how many money C. how much money D. what amount of money3. In 10 years time all those youngsters will become_. A. grown-upB. grown-ups C.growns-upsD. growns-upACB4. A dozen eggs _$ 5 nowaday

5、s. A. has costB. costsC. costD. are cost5. Last Sunday my family went to _. A. the Childs ParkB. the Childrens Park C. the Childrens Parks D. the Childrens Park6. All the _ in hospital will get a rise tomorrow.A. women-doctorsB. woman doctorsC. women doctorsD. doctors of women BBCcontents一、名词1. 概述 2

6、.可数名词可数名词 Countable Noun3. 不可数名词 Uncountable Noun4. 名词的所有格 Possessive Case5. 名词的句法功能 Syntactic Function of Noun6. 需要注意的两个问题 二、代词2. Countable Noun个体名词 Individual Noun集合名词 Collective Noun单数 Singular Number复数 Plural NumbernRegular NounnIrregular Noun可数名词复数的构成法（）拓展：.以结尾，部分加（黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿。）.以结尾的（贼的妻子用半条叶子

7、刀，要了架子上那条狼的命。）s，继续拓展复合名词变复数.一般情况下，将核心词汇变成复数即可e.g.passers-by，mothers-in-law, assistant directors，girl friendsPolice officers, match boxes, flower shops, frying pans, lookers-on含man或woman的词组，各部分名词都要变成复数e.g. men servants，women drivers，men-teachers, 如果核心词为动词，则在最末尾加forget-me-nots，go-betweens, make-ups名词复

8、数的特殊情况（）contents一、名词1. 概述 2.可数名词 Countable Noun 3. 不可数名词不可数名词 Uncountable Noun4. 名词的所有格 Possessive Case5. 名词的句法功能 Syntactic Function of Noun6. 需要注意的两个问题 二、代词Examples1. I have to get _ about the subject before I write the paper. A. a few more informationsB a few more information C. a little more info

9、rmation D. a little more informations 2. The sitting room would be much improved if you put _in that corner. A. a furniture B. furnitures C. A piece of furniture D. furniture of piece3. Did you have to pay _on those tapes? A. customB. customs C. a custom D. two custom4. We should keep _where childre

10、n cant get them. A. medicines B. medicine C. a medicine D. medicines3. Uncountable Noun What can they be modified by? Answer: 1）by Unit noun 单位词 e.g. a piece (bottle, heap, bag etc.) of； 2）Measure Noun 度量词 e.g. kilo, ton, meter, liter etc.n部分不可数名词加-s后，意思发生变化。 e.g. air, arm, custom , force, good, wor

11、k, paper, water, people, manner, etc.contents一、名词1. 概述 2.可数名词 Countable Noun3. 不可数名词 Uncountable Noun4. 名词的所有格名词的所有格 Possessive Case 5. 名词的句法功能 Syntactic Function of Noun 6. 需要注意的两个问题 二、代词名词所有格3种表达方式：-s所有格，of 所有格和双重所有格。-s所有格的变化规则：1.一般直接+s e.g. Lilys, Marys2.以s或es结尾的复数名词加，单数名词可加，也加s , 如：the bosss/bos

12、s hat, the boys father3.由and连接的两个或多个名词共同拥有某物，最后一个名词变为所有格形式，若是各自所有，则每个名词都变成所有格形式 如：Mary and Lilys rooms, Marys and Lilys rooms4. 表示店铺、医院、学校、住宅及公共建筑时，名词所有格后常省略它所修饰的名词。如：at the doctors(office), to my sisters (home),at the booksellers (store)拓展：复合名词的所有格在最后一个词的词尾加-sher son-in-laws book, the editor-in-chi

13、efs office, a grown-ups story名词的所有格名词的所有格 Possessive Case“”+s 表示国家、城市等地方的名词，以及表示时间、距离、度量及金钱等的名词，虽是无生命的，但是也可以用以上形式，表示所有或修饰关系。 e.g. a two weeks holiday , the workers library of+ n. e.g. the leg of the table , the works of Mark Twain 双重所属格 Double Possessive，即n.+ of+n所有格. e.g. a friend of my brothers a

14、relative of Mr. Greens Possessive Case 名 词 所 有 格 的 绝 对 形 式 N o m i n a l Possessive Case n用于代替前面提到过后东西，相当于一个名词性的物主代词 e.g. These books are Marys. my uncles, the barbers the chemistsn the Smiths (表示家，商店或其他有关人士的处所) 姓氏+-s表示“全家”， e.g. the Smiths 史密斯全家(问：如果姓氏是以S或X结尾，肿么办？如James，Marx)contents一、名词1. 概述 2.可数名

15、词 Countable Noun 3. 不可数名词 Uncountable Noun 4. 名词的所有格 Possessive Case 5. 名词的句法功能名词的句法功能 Syntactic Function of Noun 6. 需要注意的两个问题 二、代词Exercises:1. I walked too much yesterday and _ are sill aching now. A) my legs muscles B) my muscles of leg C) my leg muscles D) my muscles of the leg2.The newspaper say

16、s that the goal of _ has been reached. A) the fiveyear planB) the five-year plan C) five-years planD) the five years plan 3.Its a hard job for a primary school student to write _ composition. A) a nine-thousand-wordsB) a nine-thousand words C) a nine-thousand-wordD) a nine thousand words4. Despite t

17、he wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _ movie could not hold our attention.A) three-hours B) three-hour C) three-hoursD) three-hoursSyntactic Function 作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、介词宾语和同位语Appositive）等成份。充当状语，大多表示时间、距离、重量、价格、温度和倍数等。 Syntactic Function作定语。n 一个名词直接修饰另一个名词，表示材料、用途或内容等 e.g. a blood type, a bus

18、 driver, a color film n名词+-ed或名词、形容词、数词组成复合词再修饰或限定后边的名词， e.g. the big-eyed boy, a warm-hearted person; the fast-paced modern life; a three-week holidayn 名词作定语与其加-ed的形式作定语不同：前者表示性质，后者表示特征， e.g. a color T.V. 彩电 a colored T.V.彩色的电视机contents一、名词1. 概述 2.可数名词 (Countable Noun) 3. 不可数名词 (Uncountable Noun) 4

19、. 名词的所有格 (Possessive Case) 5. 名词的句法功能 (Syntactic Function of Noun) 6. 需要注意的两个问题需要注意的两个问题 二、代词 Examples1. The newspaper didnt mention the _ of the damage caused by the fire.A) rangeB) levelC) extentD) quantity 2. Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful

20、_ in the market. A) barrelsB) batteriesC) basketsD) bargains 3. Professor Taylors talk has indicated that science has a very strong _ on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.A) motivationB) perspectiveC) impressionD) impact4. Arriving home, the boy told his parents about all the

21、 _ which occurred in his dormitory. A) occasionsB) mattersC) incidentsD) issues 5. Not having a good command of English can be a serious _ preventing you from achieving your goals.A) obstacleB) faultC) offenseD) distressContents语意问题 Meaning Problem 搭配问题 Matching ProblemExamples1 Students or teachers

22、 can participate in excursions to lovely beaches around the island at regular_.A) gapsB) rateC) lengthD) intervals2. My father seemed to be in no _ to look at my school report.A) moodB) emotionC) attitudeD) feeling3. In previous times, when fresh meat was in short _, pigeons were kept by many househ

23、olds as a source a food.A) storeB) provisionC) reserveD) supply4. In a time of social reform, peoples state of mind tends to keep _ with the rapid changes of society.A) stepB) progressC) paceD) touch5. I hope your _ for the job of engineer will be successful.A) appointmentB) replyC) applicationD) re

24、sponseContents语意问题 Meaning Problem 搭配问题 Matching Problemcontents一、名词二、代词1. 概述概述 2. 人称代词 Personal Pronoun3. 物主代词 Possessive Pronoun4. 反身代词 Reflexive Pronoun5. 指示代词 Demonstrative Pronoun6. 相互代词 Reciprocal Pronoun7.不定代词 Indefinite Pronoun 8. 疑问代词 Interrogative PronounPronounPersonal Pronoun主格I, you, he

25、, she宾格me, him, herPossessive Pronoun名词性物主代词mine, yours, hers 形容词性物主代词my, your Reflexive Pronounyourself, myself, himself Demonstrative Pronounthis, that, these, those Reciprocal Pronouneach other, one another. Indefinite Pronounsome, any, someone, something Interrogative Pronounwho what which Conju

26、nctive Pronounwhom, who, what Relative Pronounwhat, who, which Example1. The residents, _ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.A) all their homesB) all whose homesC) all of whose homesD) all of their homescontents一、名词二、代词1. 概述 2. 人称代词人称代词 Personal Pronoun3. 物主代词 Possessive

27、 Pronoun4. 反身代词 Reflexive Pronoun5. 指示代词 Demonstrative Pronoun6. 相互代词 Reciprocal Pronoun7.不定代词 Indefinite Pronoun8. 疑问代词 Interrogative PronounPersonal Pronoun 人称代词的排列顺序：第二人称+第三人称+第一人称人称代词和名词的排列顺序：名词+人称代词，（但you常位于名词前）其他代词一般排列于人称代词之后 Personal Pronoun 在口语中，虽然说明主语，但是作表语的代词多数情况下用宾格 e.g. What would you do

28、 if you were him? Open the door, please. Its me.Personal Pronounit 的用法n 作人称代词（指代事物、动物、婴儿以及未知的人或事）n 作非人称代词 (表示天气、距离和时间等)n 作形式代词n 作为引导词，用于引导强调句 Examples1. Every man should do_duty. A. hisB. ourC. yourD. my2. Those of us who work in that chemical plant should regularly have _lungs checked. A. yourB. ou

29、rC. theirD. his3. The bike is not his. Its _. A. myB. meC. mineD. hercontents一、名词二、代词1. 概述 2. 人称代词 Personal Pronoun3. 物主代词物主代词 Possessive Pronoun4. 反身代词 Reflexive Pronoun5. 指示代词 Demonstrative Pronoun6. 相互代词 Reciprocal Pronoun7.不定代词 Indefinite Pronoun8. 疑问代词 Interrogative PronounPossessive Pronoun形容词

30、性物主代词属于限定词的范畴，使用时要避免人称和数的误用 e.g. The group is waiting their plane to Beijing. (应将their改为 its) 名词性物主代词可作主语、宾语和表语 e.g. The book is mine. His is green.contents一、名词二、代词1. 概述 2. 人称代词 Personal Pronoun3. 物主代词 Possessive Pronoun4. 反身代词反身代词 Reflexive Pronoun5. 指示代词 Demonstrative Pronoun6. 相互代词 Reciprocal Pro

31、noun7.不定代词 Indefinite Pronoun8. 疑问代词 Interrogative PronounReflexive Pronoun作宾语。表示动作的承受者是动作发出者本身 e.g. Take care of yourself. 作同位语。 对名词或代词表示强调 e.g. He was teaching himself English.作表语。 e.g. I myself is a teacher.contents一、名词二、代词1. 概述 2. 人称代词 Personal Pronoun3. 物主代词 Possessive Pronoun4. 反身代词 Reflexive

32、Pronoun5. 指示代词指示代词 Demonstrative Pronoun6. 相互代词 Reciprocal Pronoun7.不定代词 Indefinite Pronoun8. 疑问代词 Interrogative PronounDemonstrative Pronoun this和that都可用于指代上文提到过的事情，但是若指代下文即将要叙述的事情，则只能用this， e.g. I missed a good TV show last night. This (That) is a great play. What I require of you is this. You sho

33、uld finish the work by tomorrow.一些习惯用法中只用that e.g. John helped me a lot and that was kind of him. He told me only part of the story and that was that.contents一、名词二、代词1. 概述 2. 人称代词 Personal Pronoun3. 物主代词 Possessive Pronoun4. 反身代词 Reflexive Pronoun5. 指示代词 Demonstrative Pronoun6. 相互代词相互代词 Reciprocal P

34、ronoun7.不定代词 Indefinite Pronoun8. 疑问代词 Interrogative PronounReciprocal Pronouneach other 两者之间的相互one another 两者或两者以上的互相关系contents一、名词二、代词1. 概述 2. 人称代词 Personal Pronoun3. 物主代词 Possessive Pronoun4. 反身代词 Reflexive Pronoun5. 指示代词 Demonstrative Pronoun6. 相互代词 Reciprocal Pronoun7.不定代词不定代词 Indefinite Pronou

35、n8. 疑问代词 Interrogative PronounExamples1. Dont use powdered milk. Use the fresh _. A) oneB) onesC) / D) milks2. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _ chemists. A) eachB) someC) certainD) any3. No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to _. A) the oth

36、er B) any other C) anotherD) other4. This apple and that orange are your alternative choices. You can choose _ of them.A) neitherB) bothC) eitherD) none5. The young lady didnt want _ of the two kinds and asked the shop assistant to show her_. A) all; the others B) both; the other C) neither; others

37、D) either; another6. Both John and Smith were interested, but _ has accepted the invitation. A) either B) noneC) bothD) neitherIndefinite Pronoun作形容词作名词注意的以下几组词的区别 e.g. all/ both, one/ it, no one/ none, some/any/ no/ every + (thing, one, body)否定 Negation 1. 部分否定 Partial Negation all, both, each, eve

38、ry (body, thing)等表示整体意义的代词和否定词连用时 2. 全部否定 Full Negationnone, no one, neither, nobody, nothingExamples1. _ in the office had a mistake and the director regretted causing the customer inconvenience.A) SomeoneB) SomeC) AnyoneD) One2. We had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun, so lets have _ on

39、e this month.A) anotherB) moreC) the otherD). other3. I have two boys but _ of them likes sweets.A) bothB) neitherC) eitherD) none4. When he arrived, he found _ the aged and the sick at home.A) none butB) none other than C) nothing butD) no other than5. As I was just getting familiar with this job,

40、I had _ to ask my boss.A) manyB) mostC) moreD) much6. Even those who had _ or no training in science might not have made their inventions if a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years before.A) littleB) muchC) someD) anycontents一、名词二、代词1. 概述 2. 人称代词 Personal Pronoun3. 物主代词 Possessive Pronoun

41、4. 反身代词 Reflexive Pronoun5. 指示代词 Demonstrative Pronoun6. 相互代词 Reciprocal Pronoun7.不定代词 Indefinite Pronoun8. 疑问代词疑问代词 Interrogative PronounInterrogative Pronoun注意几组词的区别注意几组词的区别which/ what (which 一般用于有一定选择范围的一般用于有一定选择范围的情况情况) which/ who (which用于指物，用于指物，who 指人指人) whatever/ whichever/ whoever/ whomeverE

42、xercises1. My teacher thinks that I am more intelligent than _ in class.A. the other studentsB. other studentsC. the studentsD. another students2. The man over there is _ our principal. A. no other thanB. no one than C . no other butD. none other than3. The roads both lead to town. You may take _. A

43、. eitherB. neitherC. eachD. some4. He has learned English and German. Now he is going to learn _ language. A. othersB. otherC. someD. another5._ patience and _ words of advice help more than medicine, sometimes. A. Little, few B. A few, a little C. Some, some D. A little, a few6. A good writer is _

44、who can express the common-place in an uncommon way. A. thatB. oneC. thisD. which7. Arriving home, the boy told his parents about all the _ which occurred in his dormitory. A) occasionsB) mattersC) incidentsD) issues 8. Not having a good command of English can be a serious _ preventing you from achi

45、eving your goals.A) obstacleB) faultC) offenseD) distress9.The rapid development of communications technology is transforming the _ in which people communicate across time and space. A) route B) transmission C) visionD) manner10. Every culture has developed _ for certain kinds of food and drink, and

46、 equally strong negative attitudes toward others.A) preferences B) expectations C) fantasies D) fashions11. Only a few people have _ to the full facts of the incident.A) accessB) resortC) contactD) path12. The author was required to submit an _ of about 200 words together with his research paper.A) editionB) editorial C) articleD) abstract