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1、Period Using languageGrammar & Vocabulary Grammar(情态动词二)课前自主预习观察句子，总结规律That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book . The children must have been very excited as they opened it. . they might not receive their presents if they were not good.我的发现以上三个句子都使用了情态动词。(1)句中的could表示过去的能力
2、，意为“_”。(2)句中的must表示十分肯定的推测，意为“_”。(3)句中的might表示推测(把握不大)，意为“_”，多用于肯定句和否定句。答案：(1)能够(2)一定；准是(3)可能精讲课时语法一、情态动词can与could的用法1表示能力：can多用于指现在或将来，could多用于指过去。I can play basketball now, but I couldnt when I was young.现在我会打篮球了，但小时候我不会。2表示请求和许可：could语气比can委婉，但回答时只能用can。Can/Could you lend me a hand?你能帮我一下吗？3表示推测，
3、意为“可能”。多用于否定句或疑问句。只是could语气较委婉，含义较不确定。Can he be in the reading room now?No，he cant be in it. Because I saw him in the office just now.他现在可能在阅览室吗？不，他不可能在(阅览室)。因为我刚刚在办公室看见他了。4表示理论上或习惯上的可能性(指一时的可能性)，意为“可能会”。Jogging can be harmful to the health.慢跑可能对身体健康有害。易混辨析can, be able to表示“能力”时的区别can用于指现在，常表示自身具有的能
4、力be able to用于各种时态，表示经过努力后所具有的能力Babies can swim when they were born.婴儿们刚生下来时会游泳。(自身具有的能力)Without his hard work, he was not able_to get good grades.如果没有他的努力工作，他是不可能取得好成绩的。(经过努力)二、情态动词may与might的用法1表示征求对方的许可或允许(不用might)对方做某事。May I come in? Yes, you may/can.我可以进来吗？ 是的，你可以进来。(No, you cant. 不行，你不能进来。)You m
5、ay go now.你现在可以走了。2表示推测(把握不大)，意为“可能”，多用于肯定句和否定句。might比may可能性更小。He may come, or he may_not. 他可能来，也可能不来。It may/might rain this afternoon. Youd better take a raincoat with you.今天下午可能会下雨。你最好带上雨衣。3may用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed!祝你成功！4“may/might as well动词原形”表示“不妨，还不如”。I may/might_as_well start at once.我还不如
6、马上就动身。三、情态动词must的用法1表示命令或强烈的建议，意为“必须”。All the students must obey the school rules.所有学生必须遵守校规。2表示十分肯定的推测，意为“一定；准是”。 Betty must be in the next room. I can hear her talking there.贝蒂肯定在隔壁房间。我能听见她在那儿讲话。3表示说话人的一种态度，意为“偏要；硬要；偏偏”。Why must he go out in the bad weather?为什么他偏要在这种坏天气出门？4must not表示禁止，意思是“一定不要”“不
7、许”“不准”“不可以”等。You mustnt stop your car in the busy street.你不能把车停在繁忙的路上。5回答must问句时，肯定回答多用must; 否定回答多用neednt或dont have to。Must I finish my homework before eight oclock?Yes, you must.(No, you neednt. 或 you dont_have_to.)我必须要在8点之前完成作业吗？是的，必须。(不，没必要。)请选出下列情态动词在句中的含义1请选出下列句中can/could的含义He cant be in the re
8、ading room. Because I saw him in the office just now. ( )I can speak English fluently while he cant.( )Scotland can be very warm in September.( )Could you please clean this room？( )答案：BADC2请选出下列句中may的含义May you be happy！()I think he may come today.()You may keep the book for 2 weeks.()答案：CBA3请选出下列句中m
9、ust的含义You mustnt fire without my signal.()Why must he play the piano at noon？()She must be tired after such a long walk.()You must practice your spoken English if you want to improve.()答案：DCBA Vocabulary1request n请求，要求vt. (正式或礼貌地)要求；请求(P17)归纳拓展(1)at ones request/at the request of sb. 应某人的要求(2)reques
10、t sth. of/from sb. 向某人请求某物request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事request that sb. (should) do sth. 要求某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气)It is requested that . (should) do sth. 据要求The play was written by a famous writer at_the_request_of a famous director.这部剧本是一位著名作家应一位著名导演的要求写的。They requested a loan from/of the bank.他们要求银行给他们一笔贷
11、款。My parents requested_me_to_learn a second foreign language.My parents requested_that I (should)_learn a second foreign language.我父母要求我再学一门外语。It_is_requested_that all members (should) be present at the party.全体成员都被要求出席这次晚会。名师点津request后的宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句及It is requested that . 从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“(should)
12、动词原形”。(1)单句语法填空I wrote the report _ the request of my manager.Visitors are requested not _ (touch) the exhibits.It is requested that Miss Yang _ (give) a performance at the party.答案：atto touchgive(2)一句多译他要求我们准时到达。He requested us _ on time.He requested that _ on time.答案：to arrivewe (should) arrive2at
13、tract v. 吸引，引起的兴趣(P18)归纳拓展(1)attract sb. to sb./sth. 引起某人对某人/某物的注意attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意(2)attractive adj. 吸引人的，有吸引力的be attractive to . 对有吸引力的(3)attraction n. 吸引；吸引人的事物；吸引力a tourist attraction 旅游胜地What first attracted_me_to her was her incredible experience of life.她离奇的人生经历最先吸引了我。I tried to
14、attract_his_attention,_but he was still lost in thought.我试图吸引他的注意力，但是他仍然陷入沉思。China is_attractive_to tourists for its beautiful scenery and historic sites.中国的风景名胜和历史古迹对旅游者很有吸引力。Could you recommend some tourist attractions here?你能推荐一些本地的风景区吗？(1)用attract的适当形式填空The tourist _ is so _ that it _ a great ma
15、ny visitors every year.答案：attraction; attractive; attracts(2)单句写作鲜艳的颜色对孩子们很有吸引力。Bright colours _ the children.她吸引我的是她的优雅及魅力。What _ was her grace and charm. 答案：are attractive toattracted me to her3competition n. 比赛，竞赛(P18)归纳拓展(1)compete with/against . for . 为争取而与对抗/竞争(2)competitive adj. 具有竞争力的；努力竞争的c
16、ompetitor n. 竞争者；对手Runners from many countries are competing_with/against each other for the first gold medal in Olympic Games.来自许多国家的赛跑运动员正在为获得奥运会的第一枚金牌而彼此竞争。All the competitors are very competitive in the competition.所有的竞争对手在竞争中都很有竞争力。语段填空In this _， all the _ are competing _ each other _ the prize
17、 money. All of them are very _.在这次比赛中，所有的竞争者都为了赢得奖金而彼此竞争。他们又很有竞争力。答案：competitioncompetitorswith/againstforcompetitive.选用适当的情态动词填空：can/could, may/might, must1In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you _ take care of your luggage.答案：must 2I _ finish reading the book tomorrow, but I am n
18、ot sure about it.答案：may/might3What _ she mean by saying that?答案：can4I heard you bought a new book. _ I have a look?答案：Can/Could/May5Youve been working all day. You _ be very tired.答案：must6You _ take it home if you like it.答案：can7(The doorbell rings) I wonder who that is. It _ not be Lisa. Shes still
19、 in the library at this time.答案：can8_ you make so much noise when I have a rest? 答案：Must9Tom comes from Australia; he _ speak English very well.答案：can10As you are here, you _ as well stay and make the best of it.答案：may/might.请用适当的情态动词完成句子1If you _， at least wait until the storm is over.如果你非要走的话，至少要等
20、暴雨停了再走。答案：must go2We _ in organizing class activities.我们对组织班级活动可能有不同的观点。答案：may have different opinions3_ have a good journey!祝你旅途愉快！答案：May you4You _ tell him right now.你不妨现在就告诉他。答案：may/might as well5_ you a question?我可以问你一个问题吗？答案：May/Can/Could I ask6This injured bird _.这只受伤的鸟不能飞。答案：cant fly7You _ at
21、 home.你千万不能把这个小男孩一个人留在家里。答案：mustnt leave the little boy alone8Mike _ the classroom now. I saw him playing basketball on the playground a moment ago.迈克现在不可能在打扫教室。刚刚我看见他正在操场打篮球。答案：cant be cleaning9As we all know, anyone _.我们都知道，任何人都可能犯错。答案：can make mistakes10May I pick flowers in this park?No, _.我可以在公
22、园里摘花吗？不，不行。答案：you cant/mustnt.观察下面的图片，并用适当的情态动词完成下列对话Amy: _1_ I borrow the book?艾米：我可以借这本书吗？ Librarian：Of course, you _2_.图书管理员：当然可以。Amy: How long _3_ I keep it?艾米：我可以借多长时间？Librarian：You _4_ keep it for two weeks.图书管理员：你可以借两周。Amy: _5_ I return it on time?艾米：我必须得按时归还吗？Librarian：Yes, you _6_. If not,
23、you _7_ be fired.图书管理员：是的。如果不按时归还的话，你有可能被罚款。1_2._3._4._5_6._7._答案：1.Can/Could/May2.can3.can4.can5.Must6must7.may.单句写作1据要求所有的学生明天上交作业。It is requested that all the students _ tomorrow.答案：hand in their homework2树木必须为阳光而相互竞争。Trees must _ sunshine.答案：compete with each other for3我觉得他不是个诚实的人，是吗？I dont thin
24、k he is an honest person, _？答案：is he4当她向窗外望去时，一只漂亮的鸟引起了她的注意。A beautiful bird _ when she looked out of the window.答案：attracted her attention5男孩的房间装饰着他喜欢的卡通人物的照片。The boys room _ the pictures of cartoon characters he likes.答案：is decorated with课后课时作业阅读理解Luling, a small town in Texas, is home to a waterm
25、elon water tower, a watermelon queen and a festival called the Watermelon Thump.The event includes food, music and a parade. But what sets this watermelon festival apart from others is the World Championship Seed Spitting (吐西瓜籽) Contest.Only about 5,500 people live in Luling. But since 1954, the pop
26、ulation has swelled on the last weekend in June. Now, tens of thousands of people come from all around to attend the fourday festival.“The seedspitting crowds get into it，” said Edgar Camacho, who is father to four seedspitting champions. “Parents from Luling take it seriously.”The competition is li
27、mited to about 50 kids and 50 adults. The kids are divided into four age groups. For the individual (个人的) competition, everyone gets two spits, and judges record the better one. For the team event, judges take the sum of four spits from four participants.“Its really fun and exciting，” said Victoria
28、Camacho, 14.“The crowd is all watching you and cheering for you, and your family is there.” About 200 people watch. “Its really a lot of pressure because you dont want to mess up.”Victoria won her age group four years ago with a spit of 36 feet. Two years ago, her brother AJ., 17, broke the youth re
29、cord in Luling when he spat a seed 58 feet 9 inches. Thats more than half the length of a basketball court. (The adult seedspitting world record, set in 1989, is 68 feet 9 inches.)“Its fun to come out and compete every year. Its just a really competitive spirit that all the families have，” said AJ.,
30、 who has won the seedspitting contest about 10 times.The Camachos have no plans to give up their competitive spitting anytime soon.“Even if I dont live in Texas，” said Davis Camacho, 20, a fivetime winner. “Ill make the yearly journey to Luling.”篇章导读：本文是一则新闻报道，介绍了德克萨斯州的Luling小镇每年举办一次西瓜节，该节日的最特别之处在于其
31、吐西瓜籽比赛。1What does the underlined word “swelled” in Paragraph 3 mean?AIncreased. BDoubled.CRecovered. DDropped.答案：A词义猜测题。根据画线词前后句可知，自1954年开始，Luling小镇的人口在六月最后的那个周末不断增加。而根据该段的内容可知，小镇的常住人口仅有5,500人，因为当地举办的西瓜节吸引来自世界各地的游客，因此人口在节日期间急剧增加。故画线词swelled意思是“增加”。2Whats the rule for the group competition?AEveryone
32、gets two spits.BThe best four spits are recorded.CEach team member can spit only once.DParticipants are divided into four age groups.答案：C推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“For the team event, judges take the sum of four spits from four participants.”可知，在团体比赛中，每名参赛人员只能吐一次西瓜籽。3How does Victoria feel about the competitio
33、n?AConfident and lucky. BStupid and bored.CHappy and fearless. DExcited and nervous.答案：D推理判断题。根据Victoria在第六段中说的“Its really fun and exciting”和“Its really a lot of pressure”可知，她认为比赛既刺激又紧张。4What can we learn about the competition?AIt lasts four days.BIt happens every year.CIt is an international event.
34、DIt gets thousands of viewers.答案：B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The Camachos have no plans to give up their competitive spitting anytime soon.”以及Camacho的家庭成员之一Davis在最后一段中说的“Even if I dont live in Texas”和“Ill make the yearly journey to Luling.”可知，吐西瓜籽比赛一年举行一次。七选五China has been the birthplace of many of the worlds gr
35、eatest inventions. It was, for example, the first country to produce paper money. Before the invention of paper money and coins, people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling. _1_ This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering (物物交换)_2_ In 12
36、00 BC, people in China began to use shells (贝壳) as money. Usually the shells used as money were very small. This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances, and allowed for trade to develop between different parts of the country.In the years which followed this invention, many othe
37、r countries around the world began to do the same. _3_The next development was in 1000 BC, when China started making bronze and copper shells. It wasnt long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal. _4_ By 500 BC, metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece, and later
38、 in the Roman Empire.About 1,000 years later, leather was used as money in China, and in 806 AD, the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people. _5_AAs time went by, trade between countries increased.BPeople also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs.CThey also used tiny shells
39、as money for buying and selling.DIt was still many years before paper money appeared in Europe.EHowever, as economies developed, such exchanges became impractical.FDuring that time, for example, buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.GThe very first coins often had holes in them so that people
40、 could tie them together.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，文章主要按照时间顺序讲述了中国和世界上其他国家货币发展的历史。1F根据设空前一句“people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling”及设空后一句“This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering (物物交换)”可知，此处主要讲的是“物物交换”，F选项中“buying a chicken might cost sever
41、al potatoes”是“物物交换”的一个例子，符合上下文语境，故选F项。2E由前文可知，本文第一段讲的是“物物交换”；由设空下一句“In 1200 BC, people in China began to use shells (贝壳) as money. Usually the shells used as money were very small.”可知，第二段讲的是“贝壳作为货币的使用”，故此空的作用是承上启下。E项中的“such exchanges”与第一段句末的“This exchange”相呼应，选项中的“However”以及“impractical”表明物物交换有局限性，所
42、以出现更加方便携带的贝壳货币，符合上下文语境，故选E项。3C根据设空前一句“many other countries around the world began to do the same”可知，许多其他国家也开始这样做了。to do the same指的就是“也开始用贝壳买卖”，故C项(他们也使用小贝壳作为货币进行买卖)符合上下文语境，故选C项。4G根据设空前一句“It wasnt long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal.”可知，中国出现了金属的圆形钱币；根据设空下一句“By 500 BC, metal coins ha
43、d begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece, and later in the Roman Empire.”可知，到公元前500年这种金属钱币开始在其他国家出现。故G项(这种首次出现的钱币中经常有孔以便人们把它们串起来。)符合上下文语境，故选G项。5D根据空前句“the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people”可知，此处讲到了纸币的出现，故D项(很多年后纸币才出现在欧洲。)符合上下文语境，故选D项。语法填空Two weeks after the popul
44、ar show Chinese Poetry Conference, a new program, Reader (朗读者), has become much _1_ (popular) than it.The weekly talk show, hosted by the famous hostess Dong Qing, invites people from all walks of life _2_ (read) aloud poems, essays and book excerpts (节选) they like or wrote. The guests who join _3_ it also share their own life stories and explain the reason why particular pieces touched their hearts. Viewers can often be moved to tears _4_ they listen to those stories.Three days after its first broadcast on CCTV1, Readers has been _5