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1、高中英语总复习经典易错题会诊与试题预测 考点11 特殊句式 (强调、 倒装及其他)强调句的正确运用倒装句的正确运用反意疑问句的用法省略句的用法特殊句式在语境中的用法经典易错题会诊1.( 典型例题) It wasnt until nearly a month later _ I received the managers reply. A. since B. when C. as D. that 考场错解 B 专家把脉 很多考生误以为用when来引导时间状语从句，分析本句结构会发现，本句实际上是由It iswas not until.that .结构构成的强调句。 对症下药 D2.(典型例题)
2、It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight did he go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go 考场解错 A 专家把脉 很多考生误以为本句是倒装句，实际上此题为强调结构。把题干复原成“He didnt go back home after the experiment until midnigh midnight，在对until进行强调时，not应置于
3、被强调局部之中，构成“It was not until.that.固定结构。 对症下药 C3.(典型例题) It was in the classroom _ was built by the local government they finished their homework. A. where; that B. that; that C. that ;where D. where; where 考场错解 A或C 专家把脉 很多考生把此题看作状语从句或定语从句，仔细分析句子结构可知，本句实际上是一个含有定语从句强调句，应选B，第一个出at引导定语从句，第二个that为强调句中的that
4、. 对症下药 B4.(典型例题) Did Mr. Smith come yesterday? He _ come yesterday. A. do B./ C. did D. has 考场错解 D 专家把脉 答语中时间状语为yesterday，此时用 has done 结构显然有误。本句意为“他昨天确实来了，强调“来了这一动作。此时应该用助动词did来强调谓语动词。 对症下药 C5.(典型例题) It was on september 1 st he became a member of our school. A. when B. that C. / D. till 考场错解 A 专家把脉
5、本句实际上是一个强调句， 强调的局部是on september 1st，假设去掉It wastaht后，该句仍然成立。对症下药 B 专家会诊使用强调句时，应该注意如下几点: 1.强调状语:It is tomorrow that will hold the meeting.(that不能换成when) It was on the sports ground that I found (that 不能换成where)2.强调含有not.util.一结构的句子时，要用 It iswas not until.that.结构。that后的句子要 用肯定句，且须用陈述语序。 3.强调句和主语从句句型(指
6、“It+be+adj.n.+that从句类型)的异同点:二者均有 It be . thatwho.之类的语言标志。所不同的是: (1)含有主语从句的句子译为汉语时不可加上“正是或“就是之类的字眼，而强调那么可以。 (2)含有主语从句的句子假设删掉 It be.thatwho.那么原句不管结构还是语意均不成立，而强调句去掉结构标志仍然成立。如:It is ture that he once went to to Canada.(不可以去掉 It is及that，否那么原句不成立) It was on December 11，典型例题at China became a member of WTO.
7、(去掉was及that后原句仍然成立) 4.含有定语从句的强调句型:仔细分析出at或 who在句中的作用，假设that或who可有可无(结合it be来分析)，那么为强调句，否那么是定语从句。如: It was in the lab that was set up by Mr.Smith that they finshed the experiment.(lab后的出at不可省略,因为出at引导定语从句，作该句的主语。句中第二个，that才是强调句的标志。)“do/doesdid+动词原形。如: He did come yesterday.他昨天确实来了。考场思维训练1 It is these
8、 poisonous products _ can cause the symtoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.A. who B. that C. how D. what答案: B解析:强调结构it iswas.that2 It was not long _ he was born _ his mother died.A. before; that B. since; when C. until; when D. after; that答案: A解析:对时间状语进行强调。3 It must be he that has s
9、tolen Mr. Smiths purse, ?A. hasht he B. isnt he C. musht it D. isnt it答案: D解析:must是表示推测的词，且陈述句为强调句型。4 I have always been honest and straight forward, and it doesnt matter _ Im talking to.A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom答案: B解析:此题考查强调句，该强调句为句子真正主语从句，and后的“为形式主语，who it is Im thinki
10、ng to为真正的主语。5 Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to stay?A. What is it that B. What it is thatC. How is it that D. How it is that答案: A解析:此题考查强调句的疑问式。陈述语序为：It is what that you want me to stay.1.(典型例题津)They have a good knowledge of English but little they know about German. A. have B. did C
11、. had D. do考场错解 A 专家把脉 此题中后一分句是从little开头，因此是个倒装句，又由于该句明显是一般现在时，故用do.对症下药 D2.(典型例题) I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies. A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize考场错解 B或C 专家把脉 当only位于句首后接状语时，该句子应该用倒装结构。根据该句句意，是失败在前，所以不用过去完成时，应
12、选D. 对症下药 D 3.(典型例题海) Only when the war was over _ hometown. A. did the soldier return B. the soldier returned C. returned the soldier D. the soldier did return考场错解 B或D 专家把脉 only + 状语或状语从句作状语时，主句要进行倒装。本句是only + 时间状语从句，所以其后接的主句要倒装。译文:直到战争结束后，这个年轻的战士才得以返回故土。 对症下药 A4.( 典型例题) So difficult _ it to live in
13、 an Englishspeaking country that I dedermined to learn English well. A. I felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 考场错解 B或C 专家把脉 以“so+形容词开头的句子要倒装。此句变为不倒装句为:I felt it so difficult to live in an Englishspeaking country that I determined to learn English well.译文:在一个说英语的国家里生活那么困难，以至于我决定学习英语。 对症下药
14、 D5.(典型例题) You forgot your purse when you went out. Good heavens,_. A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did 考场错解 C 专家把脉 “so + 主 + 谓的意思是“是的，表示同意别人所说的话。所提供的情境Good heavens说明自己确实在出门时忘了带钱包，所以答复说:“so I did.so did的意思是“我确实忘了带钱包。 对症下药 B专家会诊在以下情况下，句子要完全倒装: 1.在there，here 引导的句子中，谓语是be；exist 等表示状态的词。如:He
15、reisaseatforyou.Tom. There stands a building on；the top of the mountain 2.在语气词there，here开头的句子中，谓语是 come，be等。 如:There goes the bell!铃响了! Here comes your husband.你丈夫来了。 There you go again你又来这一套。 3.由副词now,then,thus 引导的句子中，谓语是 come,begin,be 如: Now comes your turn. Thus ended the meeting. 4.在 in, out up,
16、 over, back等作状语置于句首时，谓语动词是 come, go, rush, run 等的句子里。 如:Up and up the prices Off went the horses 5.地点状语提前，谓语是 be ,stand,lie 的句子中 如:In front of the door stood a boy. On the ground lay a sick dog. A. 在疑问句里。 Do you have an English class every day?What did the two cheats pretend to be doing?在特殊疑问句里，如果疑问
17、词作主语，那么不用倒装。 Who is in the next room?谁在隔壁房间？ What makes you so angry? 什么使你这么生气？ B.在以so 开头表示“也一样，和以nor或neither开关表示“也不一样的句子里。 I get up at seven and so does my brother. He didnt do it and neither did I. C.在以 never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, barely , rarely, nowhere, by no means, hot until, hard
18、ly (scarcely). when ,no sooner. than 等否认或半否认意义的词位于句首表示强调的句子里。 Never before have I met him.我以前从未见过他。 Seldom did the boy icad newspapers.这个孩子以前很少读报。 Little do I dream of seeing wonderful seenery.我梦想不到会看到这样神奇的景色。 Not until midnight did it stop raining.雨一直下到半夜才停。 Hardly had he entered the house when it
19、began to rain. 他一进屋就开始下雨了。No sooner had they got to the plant than they started to wrok.他们一进工厂就开始工作。 考场思维训练1 Only in this way _ progress in your English.A. you make B. can you makeC. you are able to make D. will able to make答案: B解析:Only位于句首，实行局部倒装2 Nowhere else in the world _ more friendly people th
20、an in China.A. you will find B. can you be able to findC. you may have found D. can you find答案: D解析:表示否认意义的词放在句首，实行局部倒装 3 Tom likes playing the piano, but he cant play it well. A. So does his brother B. Nor can his brother C. So is his brotherD. It is the same with his brother答案: D解析:It is the same
21、with意为“也一样，既适合肯定，也适合否认。4 Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else such a beautiful place. A. can you find B. you could findC. you can find D. could you find答案: A解析:考查倒装语序。因为nowhere为否认意义的 副词，位于句首时要倒装。5 I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible ! .A. Nor am I B.
22、Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I答案: B解析:so，neither和nor常用于“soneithernor+dobe+主语这种形式，表示前面情况也适合于后者。前面用肯定，用s。，否认的用nor或neither.1.(典型例题海)Bills aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, ? A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt he D. is he 考场错解 专家把脉 考查反意疑问，最正确答案为A。考生容易判断不清主语，主
23、语是Bills aim，可以用代词it代替，而不是Bill；另外，反问的不是inform皿后的宾语从句，其次 is illegal即使反意也要用isnt。 megal、unfit等这些否认前缀构成的词，反意仍用否认形式。对症下药 A2.(典型例题)There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ? A. didnt they B. dont they C. mustnt they D. havent they 考场错解 A 专家把脉 考生误认为是对过去情况的推测，故用“助动词加主语的形式。此题实际上
24、是考查must have done反意疑问句的用法。must have done表示到目前为止的情况，其反意疑问局部要用“havent + 主语的形式；假设句中有明确的时间状语，那么用“didnt + 主语。对症下药 D3.(典型例题海)The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, _ ? A. did they B. didnt they C. did it D. didnt it 考场易错 C专家把脉 许多考生认为discouraged为否认意义，因此反意疑问局部该用肯定形式。事实上尽管discouraged有否
25、认的意思，但并不构成否认句。又由于news为不可数，故用it. 对症下药 D4.(典型例题)You havent been to Beijing,have you? .How I wish to go there! A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I haventC. No, I have D. No, I havent考场错解 A 专家把脉 局部考生认为问句中用了havent，所以答复时要用肯定形式。从答语“How I wish to go there可知“我没有去过，因此答复时应根据客观事实，答复成 NO，I havent.对症下药 D5.(典型例题) He is unfit
26、 for his office,_ .A. is he B. isnt heC. does he D. doesnt he考场错解 A专家把脉 此题易排除C、D。很多考生认为fit才前缀变成了否认，应选A。事实上假设谓语局部出现否前缀时，仍用否认形式。 对症下药 B专家会诊 使用反意疑问句时，应注意以下问题： 1.陈述局部包含有no，never，hardly，little等含有否认意义的词时，附加问句用肯定形式(但不包括带有否认意义的前后缀的词，如dislike，unfair等)。 2.陈述句和附加问句的情态动词或助动词一般要保持一致，但也有特殊情况： (1)used to(过去常常)used
27、nt(或didnt)； (2)have(拥有)havent(或dont)；have(进行某-动作)dont; have(构成完成时态)havent;have to(不得不)dont； (3)ought to(应该)oughtnt； (4)must(必须)mustnt must(必要) neednt； must be(表示猜想)be；must have done (对过去某一时间的事情推测)dont；must have done(对发生在过去但对现在造成影响的动作进行推测)havent;must not(表示禁止)may。 3.陈述句的主语为名词或代词时，附加问句的主语为相应的人称代词；陈述句的
28、主语为指示代词 this、that、不定代词nothing、不定式、动名词或从句时，附加问句的主语为小陈述句主语为指示代词 these、those、不定代词nobody、everbody、somebody等时，附加问句用they.“IWe dont think(believe imagine，suppose，expect) + 宾语从句时，附加问句的谓语动词和主语应和宾语从句的动词和主语保持一致，且用肯定式。但当陈述局部的主语不是 IWe时，附加问句的构成同普通的反意疑问句。 5.含有强调句型的反意疑问句中，附加问句的主语代词永远是it.如: It was last year that you
29、 graduated, wasnt it?考场思维训练1 This is the third time this week he has had to study late, ?A. isnt it B. hasht he C. isnt he D. hasht it答案: A解析:在主从句复合句中，应对主句进行反问。2 There isnt any milk left. Oh, ? Ill get some in town.A. isnt it B. isnt there C. is there D. is it答案: B解析:isnt there=isnt there any milk l
30、eft.3 Brian told you that there washt anyone in the room at that time, ?A. was there B. washt there C. didnt he D. did he答案: C解析:主从复合句中，反意疑问局部应和主句保持一致，主语是Brian，且主句是肯定句，故用didnt he.4 Lucy, you wash the dishes, .Mom,but its Lilys turnA. dont you B. can you C. shall you D. will you答案: D解析:第一句话是祈使句，祈使句后的
31、反意疑问句用“will you?5 The carrying babies, get on the bus first, ?A. will you B. will they C. dont you D. dont they答案: A解析:本句是个祈使句，用“will you，The women carryingbabies为呼语。1 (典型例题)The old tower must be saved, _ the cost.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever考场错解 A 专家把脉 此题考查连词和省略句，补全句子后为“what ever
32、 the cost is，此时答案一目了然。对症下药 B2.(典型例题京) - The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they? A. I guess not so B. I dont guess C. I dnontguess so D. I guess not考场错解 C 专家把脉 由于受I dont think so这一习惯表达的影响，很多考生选C项。在guess + that从句的反意疑问句中，从句为肯定时可用so，否认时可用not来代替从句，特别是在口语中。 对症下药 D3.(典型例题冈) Nancy is not coming
33、tonight. But she ! A. Promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised考场错解 D 专家把脉 had promised意为“过去许诺对现在的影响，根据句意，答语是一个省略句，表示“以前已许诺过要来，故用一般过去时。 对症下药 B 4.(典型例题) One of the sides of the boards should be painted yellow,and . other B.another C.the orher white D.another is white考场错解 A 专家把脉 the other i
34、s white意思是“另外一半是白色，在本句中指代不明。本句句意很明显，意思是“另一面涂成白色的，因此应该表达成the other side of the board should be painted white。为防止重复，表达为the other white. 对症下药 C5.(典型例题建)The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _ . A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 考场错解 B 专家把脉 考生对省略模糊不清导致误选
35、B项。当不定式内容与前面内容重复时，一般都采用省略形式，此时to后面的动词和定语均省去。 对症下药 A专家会诊在英语中，以下情况下一般可以用省略:(You) Don (You) Come in,please! 请进来(You) Be quiet !安静 B. 某些句子结构省略谓语 She gets up earlier than I ( get up) every day.她每天起床比我早。 ( Is there) Anybody you want to see? 你想见什么人吗? I like music and he (likes) sports. 我喜欢音乐，他喜欢体育。C.局部问句常省
36、略主语、谓语 Why not?为什么不呢? Why?为什么? Right? 对吗? What? 什么? Anything you want?你想要什么? D. 疑问句省略答复 Are these your friends? 这些人是你的朋友吗? Yes ,they are (my friends). 是的，他们是。E.并列的不定式可以省略后面一个不定式的to 如: The book is intend to be read and not(to be) torn. 这本书是供人读的而不是供人撕毁的 F.宾语从句中常用so，not或其他来代替宾从句如:Do you think she is a
37、singer? Yes, I think so.Shall I have a test next week? I hope not.The car (which)you told about is here .你说过的那辆汽车在这里。Do you know the man(who is)speaking to you?你认识和你讲话的那个人吗? The people(who)you were talking to are Japanese.你与之谈话的那些人是日本人。 H.状语从句的省略 在When，while，if,as if，though，as，whether等连词引导的状语从句中，如果谓
38、语有be，而主语又跟主句的主语相同或是it时，那么从句的主语和be常常省略。 When(I was)in Japan,I took many beautiful pictures. 在日本，我拍了许多漂亮的照片。You should notes when (it is)necessary.必要时你应该记笔记。考场思维训练1 I am happy if you _ .A. happy B. are C. are happy D. be答案: B解析:if you are happy的省略句。2 Rose feels better today. I think she_.A. will B. wi
39、ll be C. does D. does so 答案: C解析:does在此处为助动词，代替前面的内容。3 Have you been here long? A. No, not very B. Not much C. Yes, only little D. No, only yesterday 答案: A解析:完整的答语为“I havent been here verylong。4 Nothing wrong with it, ? No,yours is a specially -built moldel. Drive carfully, though. A. is it B. has i
40、tC. are they D. is there 答案: D解析:此题是一个省略句，补全后为There is nothing wrong with it，答案一目了然。5 If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better it-youve got some big bills coming. A. forget B. forgotC. forgetting D. to forget答案: A解析:此题考查省略句，better forget it的完整形式为:youd better forget if，故用动词原形。探究开放题预测预测角度1 特殊句式在语境中的用法1.Lucy Likes singing, but she doesnt like dancing. . A. So is Mary B. So Mary is C. So does Mary