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1、高中英语 经典易错题会诊与试题预测 考点完型填空总复习完型填空个语段而言，近年来完形填空题多以围绕某一主题为中心，根据文章情景和意义进行推理判断。它要求考生根据文章的主题，情节和内在的逻辑关系来选择最正确答案。有时单就某句话而言，四个选项都是正确的，但如果从整体上看，却只有一个答案是最正确的，从而防止了只看答案，甚至不看全文内容就可选出答案的语法式选择。现在的试题有时是将语言知识与情节推理相结合，语言知识与逻辑推理相结合的。 B.就所考题目本身而言，所考题目根本上是以实词为主，虚词为辅。考得较多的是名词、动词、形容词和副词等。此外，还夹杂一些词组(短语)，要求学生结合文章具体的情节，作出合理的
2、选择。下面是近几年来高考试题中各小题所设置的词类与短语数量统计情况:年度动词名词形容词副词连词代词介词词组短语199566221030199610362130119971290120101998685221121999864321128534300354461001852211028362100110531000193221111二、完形填空题的解题技巧 在高考做完形填空试题时，一定切忌匆忙下手，要首先从整体上把握全文含义，重视完整句的启示作用，弄清各分句，各段落之间的内在逻辑关系，仔细分析，弄清出题人的意图，注意文中所表达的心理活动，言语的表达形式，作者的态度及文章的主旨。一般来说，可以从以
3、下几个方面人手: 1.通篇考查，抓住大意 做完形填空切忌拿来就做，必须先通览全文，对文章的大意进行整体把握，然后再化整为零，逐题选择。这才是正确的战略战术。 通览全文还须有科学的方法，应从提示句、完整句、关键句着手，充分利用已有信息来捕捉、扩展有效信息，注意细小情节和主要情节的开展，注意人物的心理活动等。在这一步中将难词、难结构、难句做上记号，留到下一步去解决。 2.“网上邻居，注意逻辑 在通读全文并对全文形成大致初步印象的根底上，围绕文章主题积极开展思维，寻找突破口。一般说来，完形填空题中有一些题比拟容易选出正确答案，但有些题必须从左邻右舍，上下文中的逻辑联系中去寻求正确答案，这就要求做题者
4、必须联系上下文来仔细考虑。一旦容易的题目得以解决，便可借助它们提供的信息进一步乘势扩大战果，歼灭较难的题目。 3.紧扣中心，小心推理 每篇完形填空都有局部空格难以选择答案。除了语言知识等因素的障碍外，主要原因还是考生对文意不大清楚之故。高考完形填空一般来说是有情节的。有些题目就是依托情节的开展而设置的。因此，只有弄清了情节，掌握了大意才能扣住中心。这样对于有意设计的几个题的连环答案选择才会准确无误，不然错一个就会导致几个错选。对于这类题只要倍加小心，抓住中心，注意情节开展的逻辑，小心推理就会防止出现连续性错误。 4.辨析词义，果断答题 现在的完形填空题根本上其选项在所在空格为独句时都是正确的。
5、只是在整篇文章中只有一个是对的，因此，对于所给的几个选项中的词汇的辨析就格外重要。要最终确立正确答案，其落脚点还是归结到对词汇意义的掌握上了。假设知道该空格应用表示某种意义的词汇而考生对所给的选词的意义不能进行辨析，那么不能选出正确答案。要做好完形填空题，考生必须具备扎实的词汇根底。 5.复读全文，确认答案 复读全文是解答完形填空必不可少的最后一道程序。这一步要根据文章主题，依据情节开展逻辑，根据语法知识对整个题目进行一次全方位的检索，重点检查与文章中心不符的问题，对答案进行确认。 简言之，做好完形填空题并非一朝一夕之事，平时必须练好扎实的语言根本功，下力气培养语感，增加、扩充文化背景知识，要
6、多操练。只有在了解上述解题的思路的根底上进行技巧性操练才能到达熟能生巧，才能在考试中稳操胜券。下面是典型例题局部省市完形填空试题及试题分析:I. (典型例题) In the summer vacation of 1997 ,I was fixed with a job. I worked as a(n) 1 at Mr. Breens fruit shop. The fruit shop did 2 business. Most of the trade came from the housewives who lived in the neighbourhood, 3 he also had
7、 regular customers who arrived outside the shop in ears. Mr. Breen 4 them all by name and they sometimes even had their order already made up,always 5 me to carry it out to their car. They were clearly long-standing customers,and I 6 they must have stayed faithful to him 7 he had promised to sell go
8、od quality 8 . He had a way with themI had to 9 that. He called every woman“ madam for a start, 10 those who clearly were not,but when he _11 it,it did not sound like flattery(奉承). It just sounded 12 in an old-fashioned way. He was a great chatter 13 . If he did not know them, he would greet them wi
9、th a few 14 about the weather. 15 he did ,he would ask about their families or make 16 ,always cutting his cloth 17 his customers. Whatever their bills came to, be 18_gave them back the few odd pence(零钱) ,and t am sure they thought he was very generous (慷慨). But I thought he was the opposite. He nev
10、er 19 anything away. He was always looking for 20 for nothing.1. A. operator B. assistant C. waiter D. secretary2. A. good B. poor C. big D. usual3. A. so B. when C. therefore D. but4. A. sold B. knew C. gave D. sent5. A. making B. letting C. getting D. keeping6. A. wish B. insist C. declare D. supp
11、ose7. A. when B. if C. because D. though8. A. food B. fruit C. vegetables D. drink9. A. admit B. expect C. announce D. promise10. A. get B. only C. just D. even11. A. told B. said C. spoke D. talked12. A. serious B. strange C. polite D. familiar13. A. as well B. as usual C. either D. also14. A. sayi
12、ngs B. questions C. words D. speeches15. A. and then B. and so C. even if D. but if16. A. preparations B. jokes C. repairs D. friends17. A. according to B. due to C. instead of D. up to18. A. never B. ever C. seldom D. always19. A. took B. moved C. threw D. turned20. A. something B. anythingC. someb
13、ody D. anybody试题分析 1.B 解析:从下文可知，我在这家水果店里当助手。 waiter是“效劳员，一般用于酒店旅社等场所。operator是“操作者，secretary是“秘书，更不合语境。 2.A 解析:从文意看，该水果店生意不错。 解析:but此处表并列关系，但有转折含义，意思是 “水果店顾客大多数是家庭主妇，还有一些固定客源。 4.B 解析:从语境看，该店老板“知道每个顾客的 名字。 5.C 解析:make，let 和keep后一般均不能接不定式符号to，get sb to do sth意为“让某人做某事。 6.D 解析:wish是“希望，insist“坚持，“decla
14、re正式 宣布，suppose意为“假想，设想，认为，即“这认为这些 顾客有信心7.C 解析:because本句中表原因，意思是“因为他已许诺卖高质量的商品，所以顾客有信心。8.B 解析:该商店是水果店，自然是卖“水果。 9.A 解析:admit意思是“成认、相信，即“我相信这一 点。 10.D 解析:even意思是“即使，其余选项均不合语境。 11.B 解析:said后接讲话的具体内容，told是“告诉某事，“speak意为“讲，讲话，“talk意为“讲话。12.C 解析:polite意为“礼节、礼貌，本句意为“听起来 是一种礼貌的方式。13.A 解析:as well用于句末表并列关系，相当
15、于用于当 中的and，该句意为“他也是一个闲谈者。 14.C 解析:用“语言闲谈，应该用words，如“have a word with sb，意思是“和某人讲话，“have words with.(典型例题)Dear Laura, I just heard you tell an old story of gift giving and un- selfish love in your program. You doubted that such unselfish love would happen in todays world. Well, Im here to give you 1
16、. I wanted to do something very 2 for my fifteen year - old son,who has always been the perfect child. He 3 all summer to earn enough money to but a used motorcycle. Then,he spent hours and hours on it 4 it looked almost new. I was so 5 of him that I bought him the shiniest helmet and a riding outfi
17、t. I could 6 wait for him to open up his gift. In fact, I barely slept the night before. Upon a wakening, I went to the kitchen to 7 the coffee, tea, and morning goodies. In the living room was a beautiful keyboard with a 8 : “To my wonderful mother, all my love, your son. I was so 9 . It had been a
18、 log - standing joke in our family that I wanted a piano so that I could 10 lessons. “Learn to play the piano,and Ill get you onewas my hus - bands 11.I stood there shocked, crying a river, asking myself how my son could 12 this expensive gift.Of course, the 13 awoke, and my son was thrilled(冲动的)wit
19、h my reaction. Many kisses were 14 ,and I immediately wanted him to 15 my gift. As he saw the helmet and outfit, the look on his face was not 16 what I was expecting. Then I 17 that he has sold the motorcycle to get me the keyboard.Of course I was the proudest moter 18 on that day, and my feet never
20、 hit the ground for a month. So I wanted you to know,that kind of love still 19 and lives even in the ever-changing world of me, me, me ! I thought youd love to 20 this story. Yours,Hilary P.S. The next day, my husband and I bought him a new “used already shiny motorcycle. 1. A. hope B. advice C. su
21、pport D. courage2. A. polite B. similar C. special D. private3. A. played B. studied C. traveled D. worked 4. A. after B. before C. unless D. until 5. A. sure B. fond C. proud D. confident 6. A. perhaps B. really C. almost D. hardly 7. A. start B. cook C. set D. serve8. A. note B. notice C. word D.
22、sign 9. A. disturbed B. confused C. astonished D. inspired 10. A. give B. take C. draw D. teach 11. A. reason B. request C. comment D. response 12. A. present B. afford C. find D. order13. A. neighbor B. building C. home D. house 14. A. exchanged B. experiencedC. expected D. exhibited 15. A. tear B.
23、 open C. check D. receive 16. A. purely B. basically C. obviously D. exactly 17. A. realized B. remembered C. imagined D. supposed 18. A. only B. still C. ever D. even 19. A. works B. exists C. matters D. counts20. A. send B. publish C. share D. write试题分析 1.A 解析:在前一句中，作者说Laura对现实生活中无私的爱表示疑心，从而在本句中作者
24、通过下文的举例 来给Laura以希望，即证明这个世间是充满真爱的。 2.C 解析:specail意思是“特别的，本句意为“我想为 我的儿子做一些特点的事情。 3.D 解析:花一个暑假来赚足够的钱来买摩托车，钱自然是通过“工作得来的，所以选work。4.D 解析:until意为“直到才，本句意思是“儿子一 直在花时间擦车，直到这辆二手车看起来就像新的。5.C 解析:对于儿子的一举一动，做母亲的感到无比自豪。 6.D 解析:hardly意为“几乎不，即“我迫不及待地想儿子翻开他的礼物。 7.A 解析:此题涉及到生活常识问题，在吃早餐前先要为早餐作准备，如弄咖啡，泡早茶等。应选start。 8.A
25、解析:with a note意为“附有一张便条，notice是书 面通知，word是“词汇、话语，sign意思是“符号，标 记。9.C 解析:对于儿子的举动，我自然感到“惊讶。10.B 解析:take lessons意为“授课、学习。give.alesson意思是“吸取教训，teach lessons意为“教课。本句意为“通过使用钢琴，来授课，或从事自身学习。 11.D 解析:response意为“回应，反响，即“我父亲对我母亲开玩笑想要买钢琴一事的回应是。12.B 解析:动词短语afford s出意为“担负，买得起 。 13.D 解析:此处the house指整个家庭环境，即整个家庭成员都醒
26、了。 14.A 解析:exchange意为“交换，交流，本句指儿子和 我相互拥吻。15.B 解析:我买给儿子的礼物是用东西包着的，故当儿子看礼物时自然要先翻开包装盒，故用open my gift。 16.D 解析:exactly意思是“确切地，正好是，本句意思是“他脸上的表情与我所期望的完全不一样。17.A 解析:realized意为“认识到，意识到，综合上下文可知，我此时已意识到儿子已卖了摩托车，来为我买礼物。18.C 解析:ever on that day指“就在那一天。even意 为“即使still意思是“仍然，only那么意为“仅仅，均不合语境。 19.B 解析:exist意识是“存在
27、，综合语境可知，本句意 为“这世间真爱仍然是存在的。20.C 解析:send指“发送，publish指“出版，write意 为“书写均不合语境。share意为“分享，符合上下 文，本句意思是“我想你肯定和我一样会对这个故事 深有感触。. (典型例题) You are near the front line of a battle. Around you shells are exploding;people are shooting from a house behind you. What are you doing there? You arent a soldier. You arent
28、 1 carrying a gun. Youre standing in front of a 2 and youre telling the TV 3 what is happening. Its all in a days work for a war reporter, and it can be very 4 . In the first two years of the 5 in former Yugoslavia(前南斯拉夫), 28reporters and photographers were killed. Hundreds more were 6 . What kind o
29、f peopleput themselves in danger to 7 pictures to our TV screens and 8 to our newspapers? Why do they do it? “I think its every young journalists 9 to be a foreign reporter, says Michael Nicholson, thats 10 you find the excitement. So when the first opportunity comes, you take it 11 it is awar. But
30、there are moments of 12 . Jeremy Bowen says, “Yes,when youre lying on the ground and bullets(子弹) are flying 13 your ears, you think: What am I doing here? Im not going to do thius again. But that feeling 14 after a while and when the next war starts, youll be 15 .“None of us believes that were going
31、 to 16 , adds Michael. But he always 17 a lucky charm(护身符) with him. It was given to him by his wife for his first war. Its a card which says “Take care of yourself. Does he ever think about dying? “Oh, 18 , and every time it happens you look to the sky and say to God, If you get me out of this, I 1
32、9 Ill never do it again. You can almost hear God 20 ,because you know he doesnt believe you.?1. A. simply B. really C. merely D. even 2. A. crowd B. house C. battlefield D. camera3. A. producers B. viewers C. directors D. actors 4. A. dangerous B. exciting C. normal D. disappointing 5. A. stay B. fi
33、ght C. war D. life6. A. injured B. buried C. defeated D. saved7. A. bring B. show C. take D. make 8. A. scenes B. passages C. stories D. contents9. A. belief B. dream C. duty D. faith10. A. why B. what C. how D. where 11. A. even so B. ever sinceC. as if D. even if 12. A. fear B. surprise C. shame D
34、. sadness 13. A. into B. around C. past D. through 14. A. returns B. goes C. continues D. occurs 15. A. there B. away C. out D. home 16. A. leave B. escape C. die D. remain 17. A. hangs B. wears C. holds D. carries 18. A. never B. many times C. some time D. seldom 19. A. consider B. accept C. promis
35、e D. guess 20. A. whispering B. laughing C. screaming D. crying试题分析1.此题选D 解析:simply意为“简单地，仅仅，really意 为“真正地，merely意思是“仅仅是，而even的意思“甚至，本句意为“你可能不是一个士兵，甚至还没扛过枪，因此用even更合语境。2.此题选D 解析:从下文看，你可能是一个战地记者， 因此面对的肯定是不少的摄像机。因此选camera。3.此题选B 解析:viewer指“评论员，解说员，即“告诉电视评论员到底发生了什么。 4.此题选A 解析:当战地记者，自然是很危险的事，故用dangerous
36、.5.此题选C 解析:stay指“停留、flsht意思是“打斗，life指“生话，这是一道常识题，南斯拉夫发生战争， 故用war.6.此题选A 解析:bury意为“埋葬，defeat指“击败，save意思是“挽救，综合上句可知，28人死亡，100多 人受伤，故用injured. 7.此题选A 解析:bring意思是“带来take指“带走。在战场上发回照片，自然应该用bring，应选A。8.此题选C 解析:此题易误选A项，scene意为“风景、景色、场景，本句中，战地记者除发送照片或图片外， 还向本国电视传媒讲述战地新闻及故事，因此 选stories。9. 此题选B 解析:成为驻外记者是每个记者
37、的“梦想。 10.此题选D 解析:此句中where用来引导表语从句，意思是“那就是每个记者的兴奋之处。 11.此题选D 解析:even if 意思是“即使，即“当时机来临时，即使是战争，你也会去的。 12.此题选A 解析:从下文看，在战场上当记者，总有“恐惧的时刻。13.此题选C 解析:into指“进入，around指“在周围，past指“经过，越过，through那么是“通过，穿过。本句中提到子弹从耳边飞过，自然该用past。14.此题选B 解析:goes在本句中指“消失，消散，即这种感觉一会儿就过去了。 15.此题选A 解析:be away指“离开，be out指“在外面，be home那
38、么表达有误。be there意为“在那儿。 16.此题选C 解析:综合上下文可知，本句意为“我们没有任何人相信我们会死的，因此用die。17.此题选D 解析:carry指“带在一起，本句意为“在出征途中把护身符带在一起。18.此题选B 解析:many times意为“屡次，C项与everytime重复，A、D两项为否认，不合语境。 19.此题选C 解析:即“我许诺我不再当记者了。20.此题选B 解析:综合上文可知，当作者处于危险时总是讫求上天保佑，可上帝都持乐观态度，相信你是平安的。故用laughing。V. (典型例题) It was the night before the composi
39、tion was due. As I looked at the list of topics (题目),“The Art of Eating Spaghetti (意大利面条) caught my eye. The word “spaghetti bought back the 1 of an evening at Uncle Aliens in Belleville 2 all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat 3 spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was an exotic (外来的) treat
40、 in 4 days. Never had I eaten spaghetti, and 5 of the grown-ups had enough experience to be 6 it. What laughing 7 we had about the 8 respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. 9 , I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to 10 it down simply for my own 11 , not for Mr. Fleagle, m
41、y composition teacher. 12 ,I would write something else. When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no 13 left to write a proper composition for Mr. Fleagle.There was no choice next morning but to 14 my work.Two days passed before My. Fleagle returned the 15 papers. He said, “Now, clas
42、s, I want to read you a composition The Art of Eating Spaghetti. My words! He was reading my words out 16 to the whole class. 17 laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show 18 ,but what I was feeling was pure happiness, 19 my words had the power to make people 20 .1. A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience2. A. when B. where C. since D. after3. A. cooked B. served C. got D. made4. A. their B. past C. last D. those5. A. none B. one C. earns D. neither6. A. careful about B. goo