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1、1 / 15 Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China伟大的人民与中国古代伟大的发明核心词汇1I can t thank you enough for your_(善良2The general_(原则is that education should be available to all children up to the age of 16.3I m not sure what I would do if I were in your_(职位 4The report_(强调that students need t
2、o improve math skills.5Dewey was_(有影响的 in shaping economic policy.6They believe that all work is of_(平等的 value.7The car has been well maintained and is in excellent_(状况 8 The government was accused of using the law to restrict individual_(自由9 The adviser gave us a good piece of _.He _ us that we sta
3、rt the project at once.(advise10 He _a lot to society.His _will be remembered by all of us forever.(contribute1.kindness2.principle3.position4.stressed,5.influential6.equal7.condition8.freedom9.advice； advised10.contributed；精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 15 页2 / 15 contribution
4、高频短语1_与相似2_ 与交战3._ 养育；抚养4_ 与不同5_ 对感兴趣6_ 责任感7_ 为自豪8_ 总之9_ 如果这样的话10_ 第一次11_ 结果是12_ 起初；首先1.be similar to2.be at war with3.bring up4.be different from5.become interested in6.a sense of responsibility7.be proud of8.in conclusion9.if so10.for the first time11.as a result12.at first重点句式1Man_.人之初，性本善。2Treat
5、 others_ you want to be treated.己所不欲，勿施于人。3Ancient China was_states were 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 15 页3 / 15 often_each other.古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。4 Mencius believed that _man is different from animals_man is good.孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人性善。5He is a man _whom China can_. 他是一个令中国感到自豪的人
6、。1.is born good2.in the way3.a place where ；at war with4.the reason why；is that5.of ；be proud知识详解1 equal vt.等于，与相等(be equal to ；比得上 adj.(大小、数量、程度 相等的；胜任的 n 同等的人和物(回归课本 P41All human beings are equal. 人人平等。11 归纳总结(1equaln.(inn.(在方面比得上，与匹敌；与相等 , (2feel/be equal to sth./doing sth.等于；能胜任 , (3be equal wit
7、h与平等, (4without (an equal无人可比的例句探源(牛津在线 Shes the equal of her brother as far as intelligence is concerned.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 15 页4 / 15 论智力，她和她哥哥不相上下。He somehow felt equal to carrying out the plan. 他总觉得似乎能够实行那项计划。Trade should balance when supply equals demand. 供需相当时
8、贸易便达到平衡。His paintings are without equal in the Western world.他的画在西方世界首屈一指。即境活用1Running a company is not_a matter of hiring people they also need to be trained.AsimplyBpartly Cseriously D equally 解读：选A。句意是：经营一家公司不仅仅是雇佣工人的问题他们也需要被培训。 simply “仅 仅； 简单 地”； partly “部分地”；seriously “严 肃地”； equally“相同地”。2.Fi
9、tness is important in sport ，but of at least _importance are skills.Afail Breasonable Cequal Dproper 解读：选C。该题考查形容词作定语的用法。应注意根据句意选用意义恰当的形容 词 。 该 句的 正 常 语 序 为“.but skills are of at least_importance”。equal importance表示“同等重要的”。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 15 页5 / 15 2 order n秩序；次
10、序，顺序；整齐；命令；订购；订单；点饭(菜 vt.命令；订购；安排(回归课本 P43He stressed the importance of kindness ，duty and order in society.他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。归纳总结例句探源It will be quite in order for you to make this suggestion at our next meeting.你在我们下次会议上提这个建议很合适。Then they call out our names in order and we answer yes or no.随后，他们依次
11、点我们的名字，我们则回答到与否。The names are listed in alphabetical order. 姓名是按字母顺序排列的。Some teachers find it difficult to keep their classes in order.有些老师觉得难以维持课堂秩序。The doctor ordered me to take a rest for a month.The doctor ordered that I (should take a rest for a month.医生指示我要休息一个月。即境活用3John saved his money_he ca
12、n buy a bicycle.Ain caseBin order that 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 15 页6 / 15 Cin order to D as though 解读：选 B。考查 in order that引导目的状语从句的用法。本句意为“约翰为了买自行车把钱都存了起来。”in case 表示“以防；万一”； as though 表示“好像”，与题意不符；而若选C则应表达为 .in order to buy a bicycle。4. He ordered that the work _at once
13、. Astarted Bwas started Cstart Dbe started 解读：选D。order表示“命令”，后跟定语从句，从句要用虚拟语气，即sb.should do. ，其中 should 可以省略，本句中 因为从句的主语为the work ，所以应用被动语态 (shouldbe started。本句意为“他下令立即开展工作。”3 invent vt.发明；捏造；虚构(回归课本P47For example ，it is the country in which silk was first invented.例如，丝绸最先发明于这个国家。归纳总结例句探源The Chinese
14、invented the compass. 中国人发明了指南针。Abner Doubleday invented baseball in 1839. 阿布纳道布尔迪于1839 年发明了棒球。(朗文 P297Kai invented some excuse about having a headache.卡伊编了个头疼的借口。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 15 页7 / 15 (牛津 P1075Such changes have not been seen since the invention of the print
15、ing press. 自从发明了印刷机，这种变革还没有出现过。易混辨析discover ，find ，invent ，create (1discover发现的对象本身存在，但主语不知道，如科学真理、新的区域等，有时也泛指“发现”某种情况、丢失的东西。(2find 作“发现”讲，其常用结构是find 宾语补足语。 find 接 that 从句则表示“发现一个事实、一个道理”。(3invent指“发明”，发明以前没有的新东西，如工具、机器、材料、方法等，也可指“捏造”某种不诚实的借口、理由等。(4create则指有目的地把原材料制成新产品，也指创造出原来不存在的或与众不同的事物。Some beli
16、eve the universe was created by a explosion.She found that no one could answer the question. Edison invented the electric light. Police discovered a large stash of drugs while searching the house.即境活用5完成句子We must_for our absence. 我们必须为缺席编造一个借口。答案： invent an excuse 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - -
17、 - - - - -第 7 页，共 15 页8 / 15 4 contributionnC 贡献，投稿；U 捐献，捐助；捐献的物品(或钱(回归课本 P46归纳总结例 句探源Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 吸烟会导致肺癌吗？This week s issue has contributions from several well - respected journalists.这期周刊有几位德高望重的新闻记者的稿件。Day centres for the elderly make a valuable contribution to the ove
18、rall service.照顾老人的日托中心为整个服务事业作出了可贵的贡献。I made a contribution of $10,000 to his hometown. 我向他的家乡捐献了一万美元。He contributed generously to the Red Cross. 他对红十字会慷慨捐助。即境活用6Some of the most important achievements in physics_their success to these mathematical systems.AobligeBowe Ccontribute D devote 解读：选B。obli
19、ge sb.to do sth. 表示“强迫某人做某事”；owe.to. 表示精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 15 页9 / 15 “把归功于”； contribute.to.表示“把贡献于”； devote.to.表示“把致力于”。根据句意“一些最重要的物理方面的成就之所以获得成功应归功于这些数学体系。”可知应选B。7.We can see monuments here and there.Those who have made a great _to human beings and society will nev
20、er be forgotten.Aadvance Bprogress Ccontribution Dachievement 解读：选C。考查词义辨析。achievement指“成就”；progress指“进步”； advance 指“前进；进步”；这里make a contribution to表示“为作出贡献”。本句意为“我们到处可见纪念碑，那些为人类和社会作出巨大贡献的人将永垂不朽。”所以选C。5 bring up 抚养；教育；提出；呕吐；使(车辆等 突然停住； (船等停下/ 到终点(回归课本 P43His father died when he was young，and he was
21、brought up by his mother.他小的时候，父亲就去世了，他是由母亲抚养大的。归纳总结例句探源They have brought up their sons to stand on their own feet.他们已把儿子们抚养长大，能自食其力了。All children should be brought up to respect their parents and teachers.应该教育所有的儿童尊敬父母和老师。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 15 页10 / 15 All these pr
22、oblems were brought up at the last meeting.所有这些问题都在上次会议上被提出来过。The greedy child brought up all he had eaten. 这个馋嘴的孩子把吃的东西都吐出来了。即境活用8He was_by his aunt in a small mountain village.Agrown upBcome up Cbrought up D brought about 解读：选 C。grow up 和 come up 分别意为“长大”和“被提出来”，是不及物动词短语，都不能用于被动语态；bring about表示“引起
23、；导致”； bring up 是及物动词短语，表示“抚养；养育”。本句意为“他由他的姑姑在一个小山村抚养长大。”9.His idea of having weekly family meals together， which seemed difficult at first，has _many good changes in their lives.Agot throughBgrew up Cturned into Dbrought about 解读：选 D。get through表示“穿过；完成”； grow up 表示“长大”； turn into 表示“变为”； bring about
24、表示“引起；导致”。本句意为“他的每周进行家庭聚餐的主意，起初似乎很困难，但给他们的生活带来了一些好的变化。”6 for the first time第一次 (在句中作时间状语 (回归课本P49With the Industrial Revolution ，factories appeared and 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 15 页11 / 15 mass production became possible for the first time.随着工业革命的发展，工厂出现了，产品的批量生产第一次成为可能。
25、归纳总结the 序数词 time可作连词，引导一个状语从句。其重点不是强调某一次做了什么事，而是叙述某一动作或情况，即第几次做某事的时候。这时不能与for 连用，并且 time 后不用 when。It is time for sb.to do sth.；It is (high time that sb.did sth.,第二个句型用一般过去时表达虚拟语气，表示“是该某人做某事的时候了”。例句探源They came to Beijing for the first time. 他们第一次来到北京。When I went to Shenzhen for the first time，it was
26、not much bigger than a town.我第一次去深圳的时候，深圳比一个城镇大不了多少。The first time I went abroad I could har dly understand what the foreigners said.我第一次出国时几乎听不懂老外说些什么。即境活用10.The little boy showed grea t interest_chemistry when he was doing it_the first time.Ain；for Bon；for Cin；on D for ；at 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -
27、 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 15 页12 / 15 解读：选A。show interest in“对感兴趣”； for the first time “第一次”。11完成句子_，I knew that he was an honest man.我第一次见到他，我就知道他是个诚实的人。答案： The first time I met him 句型梳理1【教材原句】But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.(P43但那也是一个产生了许多哲学家的时期。【句法分析】本句中的 a time
28、 表示“一段时间”，后面接定语从句时，常用when 或“at/during等which ”引导定语从句，译为“一个的时期”。There is/was a time when.有一段时间It (Thatis/was the first(second，third.time that.这/ 那是第一次 (第二次，第三次 It was a time when all the children were expected to study hard.那是一个人们都期望孩子们努力学习的时期。There are times when I wonder what youre talking about.有几次
29、我不知道你在说什么。Andrew s been promoted？That s the first time Ive heard about it. 安德鲁升职了？这事我头一次听到。即境活用精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 15 页13 / 15 12There was _time_I hated to go to school.Aa；that Ba；when Cthe ；that D the ；when 解读：选 B。句意：有那么一段时间，我不想去上学。句型为There is/was a time when.，意思是“
30、有那么一段时间”，when 引导定语从句，不能省略，也不能用 that 替换。13.完成句子_ we never needed to lock our house at night.曾经有那么一段时间，我们晚上不必要锁门。答案： There was a time when 2【教材原句】Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.(P43 孟子认为人之所以不同于动物是因为人是向善的。【句法分析】第一个 that引导的是宾语从句，在宾语从句中，why 引导定语从句修饰
31、 the reason ；that man is good是表语从句。the reason (why.is that.(的原因是The reason why Im late is that I missed the bus. 我迟到的原因是没有赶上公共汽车。The reason why he was driving so fast was that he would be late for an important meeting.他把车开得这么快的原因是他参加重要会议要迟到了。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 15 页
32、14 / 15 【注意】reason 用作定语从句先行词时，首先判断reason 在定语从句中作什么成分，如果作状语，则要使用关系副词why 引导定语从句，而且why 有时可省略；如作主语或宾语，则使用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。I didn t believe the reason (that/which he gave me.我不相信他给我的理由。即境活用14.The reason _I was late for the school was _I was held up by traffic jam in the morning.Awhy；becauseBthat ；tha
33、t Cthat ；because Dwhy；that 解读：选 D。the reason 后跟定语从句时，用why 引导，表语从句用that引导，构成“ The reason why.is that.”句型。15(2010年高考上海卷 One reason for her preference for city life is _she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.Athat Bhow Cwhat Dwhy 解读：选A。句意：她偏爱城市生活的原因之一是在城市里很容易找到像商店和餐馆一样的地方。考查名词性从句。系动词is 之后是一表语从句，且从句的结构完整，不缺任何成分，所以用that 引导。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 15 页15 / 15 申明：所有资料为本人收集整理，仅限个人学习使用，勿做商业用途。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 15 页