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1、高考英语阅读理解专项突破推理判断题Class: NO. Name: 解题指导根据考试说明，高考阅读理解能力包含作出判断和推理的能力。这类题目要求考生根据文章的某个句子、某个段落或者全文所提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。旨在考查考生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力。通过寻读，迅速在文章中找到相关信息点。不但要理解相关信息点的字面意义，而且要由表及里、由浅入深地分析。以文中提供的信息为依据，结合常识，作出符合逻辑的推断。注意：任何推断都必须要以原文内容为依据，切忌脱离原文，凭空臆断。切忌选择表层信息答案，应该立足已知推断
2、未知。避免推理过头，引申过度。2020全国卷C，332词，难度When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didnt cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装) enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria (海狸鼠).Unusual fashion shows i
3、n New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.Scientists in Louisiana were s
4、o concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there cant handle this non-native species (物种). Its destroyin
5、g the environment. “Its them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.The fur trade kept nutria check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisian
6、a. He says its not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Moutons job these days is trying to promote fur.Then theres Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Morgan says, “To give people a guil
7、t-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on themI think thats going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. Shes trying
8、 to come up with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.( ) 1. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?A. To promote guilt-free fur.B. To expand the fashion market.C. To introduce a new brand.D. To celebrate a winter holiday.( ) 2.Why are scienti
9、sts concernedaboutnutria?A.Nutriadamagetheecosystemseriously.B. Nutriaareanendangeredspecies.C. Nutria hurtlocalcat-sizedanimals.D. Nutriaareillegally hunted.( ) 3.What does the underlined word “collapsed” in Paragraph 5probablymean?A.Boomed. B.Becamemature.C.Remainedstable. D.Crashed.( )4.Whatcanwe
10、inferaboutwearingfurinNewYorkaccordingtoMorgan?A.Itsformal. B.Itsrisky.C.Itsharmful. D.Itstraditional.答案：A【从第二段可知答案】通过这两个地名，我们把答案定位到第二段。第一段是背景信息，大意是一些人希望重新振兴海狸鼠皮草市场。A. 为了推广guilt-free皮草。-free 作为合成词的一部分，意思是“没有的”“免除的”，比如duty-free免税的，carefree无忧无虑的。guilt-free就是“不内疚的”，因为动物皮草涉及到虐待动物，所以guilt-free fur就是穿上也无需
11、内疚的皮草。故选A。答案：A【从第三段第一句可知答案】信息对应：scientists in Lousiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail。这是一个so.that.引导的结果状语从句，这句话只是说到了他们很concerned，以及concerned的结果，并没有提到原因，所以原因在前面。上一段中提到the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year（海狸鼠每年都破坏大量的湿地），这句话是用来解释为什么说穿上皮草也无需再内疚，同时也是科学家决定付钱给海狸鼠
12、捕猎者的原因。所以答案是A。答案：D【解析】在几十年的时间里，皮草交易控制住了海狸鼠的数量。后面出现了转折but，但是，当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代collapse之后，海狸鼠就一直在疯狂繁殖。The cat-sized animals 指的就是海狸鼠；multiply vi. 繁殖（最常用的意思是倍增；相乘）。所以结合句意，我们也能够判断出来这句话是在说海狸鼠市场变得不景气。答案：B【从最后一段第二句可知答案】题干中专有名词（人名Morgan，地名New York）比较多，所以这道题比较容易定位。看一下Morgan的这句话：To give people a guilt-free optio
13、n that they can wear without someonethrowing paint on them I think thats going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York. 这是他对未来的一个猜想（thats going to be），意思是说给人们一个选择，穿这种皮草无需感到内疚，也不会有人往你的身上泼油漆这是一个巨大的工程（a massive thing）。所以，可推断现状是：在纽约穿皮草可能会被泼油漆。因此确定答案是B。练习Todd Bol, a retired businessman, could ne
14、ver have expected that a wooden container he built in his front yard one day would have the global impact it does today.Bol built a dollhouse-size structure that looked like a schoolhouse on a post and he put it in his yard as a free community library to remember his mother, who was a book lover and
15、 school teacher. Bols prototype gave birth to Little Free Library (LFL), a nonprofit organization that seeks to place small, accessible book exchange boxes in neighborhoods around the world. The concept is simple: neighbors are invited to share a book, leave a book, or both. Today, there are over 50
16、,000 of these libraries registered in 70 countries.Almost everyone can register with LFL and start a library as long as the person keeps it in good shape and makes sure that book materials are appropriate for his/her neighborhood. Library owners can create their own library boxes; therefore, the lib
17、raries are usually unique in appearance, and there seems to be no limit to the possibilities. One library in California was built out of a used wine container; another in Texas had tiny stairs and bright-colored walls. Once registered, libraries are assigned a number at LFLs website. The LFL Index l
18、ists the locations of all libraries with GPS coordinates (坐标) and other information. Owners receive a sign saying “Little Free Library”.People say they have been attracted to pick up a book when walking by a Little Free Library, out of curiosity and because of its convenience. Some sidewalk (街头的) li
19、brarians say they have met more neighbors since having a little library in their front yard. Bol is also most proud of the way Little Free Library is bringing communities together. “Its started a neighborhood exchange. It gets people talking and more comfortable with their neighbors,” he says. “This
20、 leads to them helping each other.”( ) 1. What does the underlined word “prototype” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. A community center. B. A dollhouse on a post.C. A book exchange box. D. A nonprofit organization.( ) 2. What can we learn about the operation of a Little Free Library?A. There is no limit t
21、o the selection of books.B. The library can come in any shape and color.C. The library needs to hire many professional librarians.D. The owner will not be assigned a number from the LFL website.( ) 3. What can be inferred about Little Free Library?A. It helps improve GPS functions.B. It helps restor
22、e human connections.C. It connects libraries around the world.D. It makes reading accessible to the poor.( ) 4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. LFL: A Booster to Shared ReadingB. LFL: The Best Place to Meet NeighborsC. Todd Bol: A Successful Book BusinessmanD. Reading: A
23、n Approach to Improving Yourself【翻译练习】请从文章中找到下面句子，并将其翻译成中文。1. P2 Bol built a dollhouse-size structure who was a book lover and school teacher._2. P3 Library owners can create their own library boxes no limit to the possibilities._3. P4 Bol is also most proud bringing communities together. “Its start
24、ed a neighborhood exchange. It gets people with their neighbors,” he says. “This leads to them helping each other.”_4. P2 Bols prototype gave birth to Little Free Library (LFL) in neighborhoods around the world. The concept is simple leave a book, or both. Today, there are over registered in 70 coun
25、tries._【词汇过关】请写出下面英文单词在文章中的中文意思。1. global /lbl/ adj. _2. impact /mpkt/ n. _3. structure /strkt/ n. _4. schoolhouse /skulhas/ n. _5. lover /lv/ n. _6. seek /sik/ v. _7. accessible /ksesbl/ adj. _8. exchange /kstend/ n. _9. concept /knsept/ n. _10. register /redst/ v. _11. material /mtril/ n. _12. app
26、ropriate /prprit/ adj. _13. unique /junik/ adj. _14. assign /san/ v. _15. curiosity /kjristi/ n. _16. convenience /knvinins/ n. _【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的英文词块。1. 图书爱好者 _2. 保持良好的状况 _3. 在外观上通常是独一无二的 _4. 出于好奇 _5. 把社区居民聚在一起 _CBBA【翻译练习】1.Bol在柱子上建造了一个玩偶屋大小的建筑物，看起来像校舍，他把它放在自己的院子里，作为一个免费的社区图书馆，以纪念他的母亲。他的母亲是一位图书
27、爱好者和学校老师。2.图书馆所有者可以创建自己的图书馆盒；因此，图书馆在外观上通常是独一无二的，而且似乎没有任何限制。3.Bol对于小型免费图书馆把社区居民聚在一起这一点非常自豪。他说：“它开启了街区居民之间的交流。它让人们交谈，使邻居之间更加和谐舒适地相处。这使得他们经常互相帮助”。4.Bol的图书交换箱的原型促成了小型免费图书馆的诞生，这是一个试图把小型的可使用的图书交换箱放在世界各地的街区的非营利组织。这个概念很简单：邀请邻居分享一本书，留下一本书，或者两者兼而有之。今天，在70个国家注册的这类图书馆超过50000个。【词汇过关】1.全球的2.影响3.建筑物4.校舍5.爱好者6.试图7.可使用的8.交换；交流9.概念10.注册 11.材料12.合适的13.独一无二的14.分配15.好奇心 16.方便；便利【词块学习】1.a book lover2. keep it in good shape3.be usually unique in appearance4.out of curiosity5.bring communities together学科网（北京）股份有限公司