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1、 A macroscopic relationship for preferential flow in the vadose zone: theory and validation LIU Huihai11, ZHANG Renduo2 (1. Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; 2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guan
2、gzhou 510275, P. China) Abstract: Preferential flow commonly observed in unsaturated soils allows rapid movement of solute from the ground surface or vadose zone to the groundwater, bypassing a significant volume of unsaturated soil and increasing the risk of groundwater contamination. A variety of
3、evidence indicates that complex preferential flow patterns observed from fields are fractals. This paper discusses a macroscopic relationship for modeling preferential flow in the vadose zone. Conceptually, the flow domain can be divided into active and inactive regions： Flow occurs preferentially i
4、n the active region (characterized by fractals), and inactive region is simply bypassed. The portion of the active region was found to be a power function of saturation. The validity of this macroscopic relationship is demonstrated by its consistency with field observations and the related numerical experiments. Key words: preferential flow; constitutive relations; vadose zone hydrology Corresponding author (e-mail: hhliulbl.gov) 118