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1、选修八Unit 1A land of diversity.单词语境记忆1go through real hardship经历真正的困难2occur for no reason 毫无理由地就发生了3have nowhere to stay 无处可住4the authorities concerned 有关当局5the topic of being thankful 感恩这个话题 6the vice president of the English Club 英语俱乐部的副主席7plan to hire a car 打算租辆汽车8a tenyear civil war 一场十年国内战争9the d
2、evotion to the care of the cattle 精心照顾牛群10get rid of racial prejudice 消除种族歧视.词性转换与派生记忆1boom n(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期2slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n.滑动；滑倒3ferry n渡船；渡口vt.摆渡；渡运4reform vt.& vi.改革；革新n.改革；改造；改良5distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的distinction n差别；区分；卓著6means n手段；方法mean v意思是；意味着 adj.吝啬的；卑鄙的meaning n意思7majority n大多
3、数；大半major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n专业minority n少数8elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人election n选举9punishment n处罚；惩罚punish v处罚；惩罚10applicant n申请人apply vi.申请application n申请书；申请11customs n海关；关税；进口税 customer n顾客12indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示indication n迹象；标示indicator n指示器；指示信号13apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的apparently adv.显然地；显而易见地.单
4、词趣味串记1A large percentage of the hotels income，which is about 80 percent，is from the visitors to the lake nearby.这家旅馆的很大比例的收入，大约是百分之八十，来自游览附近湖泊的游客。2I was quite unsatisfied with their service，for my luggage was lost while his baggage was destroyed.我对他们的服务十分不满意，因为我的行李丢失了，他的行李被毁坏了。联想记忆1“抓住”动词(短语)集合grasp
5、抓住，掌握，领会master 抓住，掌握，领会seize 抓；捉；捕；掠夺snatch 抢，抓住；抢去，夺去take hold of 抓住capture 捕获，夺得；俘获，掠夺2与“雇用；辞退”有关的词汇hire n& vt. 雇用employ vt. 雇用take on 雇用fire vt. 解雇dismiss vt. 解雇lay off 解雇3单复数意义不同的名词小结manner(方式)manners (礼貌)paper(纸)papers (文件)art(艺术)arts (文科)arm(手臂)arms (武器)short(短的)shorts (短裤)4“多数与少数”面面观major adj
6、. 主要的majority n. 大多数minor adj. 少数的minority n. 少数5带后缀ing的名词集锦crossing 十字路口training 训练feeling 感觉wedding 婚礼marketing 促销spending 花销engineering 工程wellbeing 幸福6后缀“or”表示“人”的高频名词conductor 售票员；列车员administrator 管理者；行政人员director 导演；主管educator 教育工作者editor 编辑短语背诵1live on继续存在；继续生存2by means of. 用办法；借助3make a life
7、习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生4keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)5back to back 背靠背6team up with 与合作或一起工作7mark out 用线画出范围；标出界线8take in 包括；吸收；欺骗；理解9a great/good many 许多；很多10apply for 申请；请示得到11the majority of 大多数12occur to sb 某人突然想到词块积累1the third largest state第三大州2the native people 土著人3in the early 16th century 16世纪初期4a stron
8、g Spanish influence 很强的西班牙文化的影响5in and around San Francisco 在旧金山及其周边地区6the dream of becoming rich 发财梦7brakes fail 刹车失灵8the fishing industry 捕鱼业9a tourist area 旅游区10all the famous tourist spots 所有著名的旅游景点11from different angles 从不同角度12have a good view of. 观赏1Exactly when the first people arrived in wh
9、at we now know as California，no one really knows.最早一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在知道的加利福尼亚地区的，谁也说不清楚。2However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，可能至少在15 000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。3That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or sec
10、ond language.那就是今天超过40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。4It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups，but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。.
11、单词拼写1In the mean time，mobile online shopping market was booming (繁荣) in China，with an annual growth rate of 63.5%.2Its thoughtful (体贴的) of Suzy to plan everything well before the event.3I was really upset to find that such a thing should have occurred (发生) in your shop.4As hiring (雇佣) has became mor
12、e global，both for employers and candidates，video interviewing is a way to speed up the interview process.5Maybe you have been to many countries，but nowhere (无处) else in the world can you find more attractive scenery than in Switzerland.6We have never doubted the success of our reform (改革)7Whenever i
13、t is，we should keep a thankful (感激的) heart towards everything existed.8Despite (尽管) his frequent absence，Bruce managed to keep up with his studies.9Grasp (抓住) the main idea of the text，and you will be able to answer the question.10A strong man will bear hardship (困难) without complaining.词性变化练习1Paren
14、ts should keep in mind that too much punishment (punish) will lead to their children losing confidence.2Though he failed many times in election(elect)，he never lost heart.3He said that he would give me some indications (indicate) of how I did in the test.4Apparently(apparent)，she took no notice of t
15、he mistakes in the accident.5All the applicants can apply in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th.(apply)6One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job.(majority)7“Walk acro
16、ss this street and turn left at the first crossing” the boy told the lady.(cross)8What is the meaning of the sign on the bottle?It means “this side up”(mean).选词填空a great many，apply for，back to back，by means of，keep up，make a life，mark out，team up with1In many countries，young people still keep_up the
17、 tradition that women will get married in a long white dress.2More students are applying_for aid，and more families expect to get student loans.3It is honorable to make_a_life with your hands while depending on others is a shame.4After seeing a_great_many homeless people in the streets，I thought I sh
18、ould do something for them.5They marked_out the tennis court on the lawn with white paint.6John preferred to go into business alone rather than team_up_with anyone else.7Stand back_to_back and lets see who is taller.8By_means_of the Internet，we can keep in touch by sending emails.补全句子1The picture re
19、minded me of what_I_had_experienced_in_the_village这幅画使我想起了我在那个村子里的经历。2He is addicted to computer games，and that_is_why_he_has_failed in the exams several times.他迷恋电脑游戏，那就是他考试多次失败的原因。3Its_likely_that_the_conference_will_be_put_off because of the weather.这次会议有可能会由于天气原因而被推迟。4It_is_said_that the price o
20、f oil will go up soon.据说油价不久会上涨。 核心要点突破1means n手段；方法by this means用这种方法by means of 通过；用；借助于by no means 决不；一点也不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)补全句子/一句多译By_this_means he turned our attention to what was good in the life.他用这种方法使我们懂得在生活中哪些是美好的。各种可能的办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效。Every possible means has_been_tried (try)，but none works
21、.All possible means have_been_tried (try)，but none works.佳句背诵 Furthermore，by no means is punishment a wise choice to help children grow up mentally and physically.(陕西高考书面表达)而且，惩罚绝不是帮助孩子们身心健康成长的明智选择。名师指津 means用作“方式；方法”时单复数同形。若all/some/several/many means作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若every/each/one/a means作主语，谓语动词用单数
22、形式。2majority n大多数；大半(1)a/the majority of.大多数be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数(2)minority n. 少数be in the minority 占少数(3)major n& v. 主修；专业单句语法填空The white are in the majority in Australia while the native people in the minority.An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee membe
23、rs are (be) against it.It is evident that the majority of the damage is(be)easy to repair.佳句背诵 The majority of people consider an ordinary job boring or even valueless.(广东高考写作)大部分人认为普通的工作无聊甚至无价值。名师指津 the/a majority of名词，表示“大多数”，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。3occur vi.发生；出现sth occur
24、s to sb某人突然想起某事It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that. 某人突然想起It occurs to sb to do sth 某人突然想起做某事单句语法填空/句型转换A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.It occurred to me that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.It occurred to me to_go to attend a meeting when I was about
25、 to go home.佳句背诵 It occurred to me that I should give the rooms a thorough cleaning.(陕西高考)我突然想起我应该彻底打扫房间。4indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示(1)indicate sth (to sb)向(某人)表示某事；把指给(某人)看indicate that. 表示；示意(2)indication n. 表明；显示单句语法填空Research indicates (indicate) that eating habits are changing fast.There are clear
26、 indications (indicate) that the economy is improving.佳句背诵 Just as is indicated in their brochure，there are a good many valuable collections.正如宣传册上表明的那样，这里有很多藏品。5make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生(1)make/earn a/ones living谋生(2)live/lead a.life 过着生活come (back) to life 苏醒；变得活跃；恢复生气bring.back to life 使苏醒过来；给
27、活力单句语法填空She had to look for parttime babysitting jobs these years to_make (make) a living.When Alice came to life，she did not know how long she had been lying there.佳句背诵 In the coming three years，our school life will be challenging and you will try to make a life for yourself.在接下来的三年，我们的学校生活将会具有挑战性，
28、你要努力习惯新的生活方式。6take in 包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留一词多义 写出下列句中take in的含义The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night.收留While reading popular science books，we can take in more basic knowledge.吸收The United Kingdom takes in England，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland.包括Lacking necessary social experience，teena
29、gers tend to be taken in by cheaters.欺骗Before you translate a sentence，you should first take in the meaning of the words.理解take off起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功take on 呈现；雇用；承担take over 接收；接管；取代take up 占去；占据；开始从事补全句子After taking_over the company from his father，he has taken_in some advanced ideas and taken_on som
30、e skillful workers，which suggests that his company will take_off soon.从父亲那里接管过这个公司之后，他吸收了一些先进的理念，雇用了一些娴熟的技术工人，这预示着他的公司即将腾飞。佳句背诵 The students found it easy to take in what their teacher had taught.学生们发现老师所教的东西很容易领会。7This/That is why.“这/那就是的原因”That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish a
31、s a first or second language.(教材原句)那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。(1)This/That is why.这/那就是的原因(2)This/That is because. 这/那是因为(3)This is the reason why. 这就是的原因(4)The reason why.is that. 的原因是(why引导的是定语从句)That is why I recommend another category of books：literary books.(浙江高考书面表达)这就是我推荐另外一种图书文学类图书的
32、原因。对比填空He came late；that was because it was raining hard.It was raining hard；that was why he came late.The reason why he came late was that it was raining hard. 考纲词汇专练.多义词专练选择语境中词汇的含义1keep upA坚持B持续C保持D沿袭(风俗、传统等)I hope the fine weather will keep up so that we can go out for a picnic.CThe rain kept up
33、 for two days and the roads were flooded.BWe should keep up these old customs，for they are parts of our Chinese cultural tradition.DDont lose heart，keep up and you will be bound to make it.A2electA选择B决定做某事C选举Like men，women have the right to elect and to be elected.CShe elected an art course because
34、she was interested in art.AShe elected to become a teacher after graduating from college.B.微阅读写出黑体词汇在语境中的词性和词义Apparently，Chinas economic reform has benefited the majority of its people.The distinct features of its growth pattern have shocked the world.The flourishing economy presents opportunities t
35、o job applicants.Few people are suffering from hardships of life.Advertisements are inserted in TV programs, indicating that people have better choices when buying products.Recently, Chinas economy is slowing down, its growth having slipped to 6.5 percent.The central and local authorities are trying
36、 to grasp the chance to realize the economic transformation.Arguments about political reform have never been stopped.If we view it from another angle, putting a brake on its pace might not be a bad idea.n.改革adj.清晰的；明显的n.申请人 n.苦难；困苦vt.插入；嵌入 vt.表明vi.下降，下跌 n.(pl.)_当局；官方n.角度 n.刹车；制动器.微完形根据语境选出正确选项Our cl
37、ass would like to go travelling last Sunday.The _1_ of us had decided to visit the Great Wall by means of bicycling.It _2_ to us that the Palace Museum was more appealing.On the way we _3_ to carry our luggage and at the entrance we asked Tom to buy tickets.Just as is _4_ in their brochure, there ar
38、e a great many valuable collections.It is _5_ that nowhere in the world can impress us so deeply as the Palace Museum.Now, I understand why so many people pay a visit to the Palace Museum every year.1A.ministryBmajorityCauthorityDpercentage2A.occurredBmournedCelectedDgrasped3A.marked outBtook inCkep
39、t upDteamed up4A.conductedBappliedCindicatedDinserted5A.apparent BracialCcivilDthoughtful答案1.B2.A3.D4.C5.A.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式热考常考1The government is made up of men and women elected(elect) by the people of the country.2I hope the fine weather will keep up for the crops that need much sunshine.3T
40、he education system，in my opinion，must be_reformed(reform) as soon as possible.4They had their last meal at an Italian(Italy) restaurant.5As far as Im concerned，he was one of 30 applicants(apply) for the managers work.6The old mans hand shook slightly as he inserted(insert) the key into the lock.7As
41、 far as Im concerned，there is no evidence indicating(indicate) that he is a qualified tutor.8He grasped(grasp) the rope with both hands and managed to climb to the top.9It is out of the question for him to team up with his brother in the competition.10After he was_elected(elect) President last year，
42、he acknowledged their support.用所给词的正确形式填空不规则变化1Unfortunately，the sharp knife slipped(slip) and cut my finger.2Several abandoned babies were_taken(take) in by the nursing house last month.改正下列句子中的唯一错误易错易混1Every means have been used to help him fit in with his new friends.havehas2The shopkeeper also m
43、anaged an inn and hired with several men to work for him.去掉with3The student has good grasp of the main idea of the essay.good前加a4We are so thankfully for your wonderful lectures given to us.thankfullythankful5Successful people are always very intelligent.They can discover that others easily ignore.t
44、hatwhat6The volleyball court has marked out on the grass recently.has后加been.根据语境选出加黑词的正确含义熟词生义AmovedBunderstandCforgotten1Im sorry I missed your birthday；its completely slipped my mind.C2They failed to grasp the full meaning of the managers words.B.完形填空On Saturday my Catalan friend invited me to com
45、e along to a Calcotada.Being from the UK I had no idea what it was，but he _1_ it was a fun Catalan tradition，and so I _2_ to go.I wasnt _3_！First off，we _4_ a train heading for a small town near Tarragona，about an hour away from Barcelonas centre.I was already _5_ by how different everything looked from the city as the _6_ rushed through small towns.When we arrived，we were _7_ by the sight of a small wind instrument band and about a dozen people _8_ in a circle.I was very surprised