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1、教师资格证考试英语学科知识与教学能力(高级中学)语言教学知识与能力(二)94 单选题(江南博哥)My parents began to_a small sum of money every month for my college education when I was still a child.A.put upB.cut downC.set asideD.place apart正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查短语辨析。Put up“举起,张贴”,cut down“减少”,set aside“搁置,留出”,没有place apart这样的搭配。句意为“当我还是个小孩的时候,我父母就开始每个
2、月存一小笔钱以供我读大学”。故本题选C。95 单选题 I dont think Helenll be upset, but Ill see her in case_A.she willB.she isC.she does D.she would正确答案:B 参考解析:本题考查in case引导的从句与省略。句意为“我认为海伦不会难过,但万一她难过,我会去看她的”。in case表示“如果,万一”时,可引导条件状语从句。从句谓语动词要用一般现在时来代替将来时,排除A、D;完整的从句是in case she is upset,这里省略重复的形容词。故本题选B。96 单选题 I feel it is
3、 your husband who_for the spoiled child.A.is to blameB.should blameC.is to be blamedD.is going to blame正确答案:A 参考解析:本题考查固定搭配。be to blame(for sth)“(对坏事)负有责任”,该结构用主动语态表示被动含义。句意为“我认为你的丈夫应该为被宠坏的孩子负责”。故本题选A。97 单选题 The main rhyming pattern in the sentence Sally said Scott sprayed some soup on her skirt is_
4、A.assonance B.alliterationC.end rhyme D.reverse end rhyme正确答案:B 参考解析:本题考查修辞学。头韵(alliteration)是指频繁地重复相同的发音,被重复的通常是首字母的辅音。句子“Sally said Scott sprayed some soup on her skin”中的单词Sally,said,Scott,sprayed,some,soupskirt均以辅音/s/开头,故该句使用了头韵的修辞手法。A项为“类韵”,C项为“尾韵”,D项为“倒尾韵”。故本题选B。98 单选题 The main difference betwe
5、en/v/and/f/lies in_A.place of articulationB.manner of articulationC.voicingD.length正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查辅音的分类。根据发音部位分类,/v/和/f/都是唇齿音。根据发音方式分类,/v/和/f/都是擦音。根据声带振动与否分类,/v/是浊辅音,/f/是清辅音。length指音的长度,是元音的特征。故本题选C。99 单选题 _is not a minimal pair in English.A.seat and neatB.fine and vineC.bat and pat D.teach and che
6、at正确答案:D 参考解析:本题考查最小对立体。最小对立体(minimal pair)是指只有一个音素不同的一组单词。A、B、c三项都是最小对立体。teach/ti:/和cheat/:i/两个辅音都不同,故本题选D。100 单选题 Researches show that weak readers learn more from difficult texts, so giving them easier ones serves to_them the very information they need to move on.A.denyB.abandonC.award D.gain正确答案
7、:A 参考解析:本题考查动词辨析。句意为“研究表明阅读能力较弱的人能够从较难的文本中学到更多东西,所以给他们较简单的文本会让他们无法得到进步所需要的信息”。deny“否认,拒绝(给予)”,abandon“放弃,遗弃”,award“奖励,授予”,gain“获得,赢得”。deny sbsth“拒绝给予某人某物”符合题意,故本题选A。101 单选题 Picture a world where human relationships are challenging, narcissism and self-centeredness are_, and there is disagreement on
8、the best way for people to live harmoniously together.A.on the topB.on the riseC.on the wayD.on and off正确答案:B 参考解析:本题考查短语辨析。Onthetop“在顶部”,onthe rise“在上涨”,ontheway“在路上”,on and off“断断续续地”。根据句意“想象这样一个世界:人际关系紧张,自我陶醉和以自我为中心,人们还无法就如何才能使人类和谐相处达成一致意见”可知本题选B。102 单选题 I described that visit as a_, because the
9、patients I met were an example to us all,showing extraordinary bravery and persistence.A.responsibilityB.virtueC.privilege D.gesture正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查名词辨析。句意为“我把那次探望描述成一次( ),因为我见到的那些病人们是我们所有人的榜样,他们表现出超乎寻常的勇气与毅力”。responsibility“责任,职责”,virtue“美德,德行”,privilege“荣幸,光荣”,gesture“手势,姿势”。privilege代入句中,是指那次探望是一
10、件让“我”感到荣幸的事。故本题选C。103 单选题 When the teacher told the father what his boy did at school, the father was_angry.A.other than B.less thanC.more than D.rather than正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查短语辨析。other than“不同于,除此以外”;less than“少于,不到”;morethan多于,不仅”,“more than+形容词”含有“很,非常”的意思;rather than“而不是”。根据句意“当老师把这个男孩在学校做的事都告诉他爸爸
11、之后,这位父亲生气”可知本题选c。104 单选题 The promising graduate was very good at his ideas during the discussion.A.putting aside B.putting acrossC.putting backD.putting off正确答案:B 参考解析:本题考查动词短语辨析。put aside“忽视,保留”,put across“解释清楚,沟通(思想、情感等)”,put back“推迟,拖延”,put off“推迟”。根据句意“那位很有前途的毕业生很善于在讨论中阐明自己的观点”可知本题选B。105 单选题 A:
12、Where are you from?B: Im from Washington District of Columbia in the United States of America.Which of the following does B violate in the conversation?A.The Maxim of Quantity.B.The Maxim of Relation.C.The Maxim of Manner.D.The Maxim of Quality.正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查会话中的合作原则。The Maxim of Manner“方式准则”要求人们说
13、话清晰:避免含混不清;避免歧义;简练(避免冗长);有序。题干中B的回答过于冗长,违背了方式准则。B完全可以回答“WashingtonDC”或者“America”。A项为“数量准则”,B项为“关系准则”,D项为“质量准则”。故本题选c。106 单选题 Which of the following activities focuses on meaning?A.Substitution drill.B.Sentence transformation.C.Dictation.D.Group discussion.正确答案:D 参考解析:本题考查练习活动。替换练习、句子转换、听写等都属于机械性练习,注
14、重语言的结构形式,学生是否真正理解其意思并不重要。小组讨论属于真实交际,它强调以交际为目的的意义输出或理解,语言的形式是无法预测的。故本题选D。107 单选题 The main similarity between/i:/and/A/lies in the( )。A.position of the highest part of the tongueB.sound durationC.openness of the mouthD.rounding of the lip正确答案:D 参考解析:本题考查元音的分类。根据发音时舌最高部分的位置分类,/i:/属于前元音,/A/属于后元音:根据发音的长短
15、分类,/i:/属于长元音,/属于短元音。根据口形的大小,/i:/属于闭元音,/属于半开元音。根据唇的圆展分类,/i:/和/都属于非圆唇元音。故本题选D。108 单选题 On a_day, our professor works in the lab from 9 a.m to 11 p.m.A.previousB.followingC.typicalD.diligent正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查形容词辨析:句意为“在平时,我们的教授从上午9点到晚上11点在实验室里工作”。previous“以前的,早先的;following“接下来的”;typical“平常的,一贯的”,atypical
16、day“平常的一天”;diligent“勤勉的,用功的”。故本题选C。109 单选题 It is a good thing for you to have such a good chance to study abroad, but it remains_ whether you can really learn something useful.A.seenB.to seeC.to be seen D.seeing正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查非谓语动词;句意为“有这样一个出国学习的好机会对你来说是一件好事,但是你是否能真正学到有用的东西还有待观察”。不定式表将来,与本句时态符合,且wh
17、ether you can really learn something useful与see为被动关系。remain to be done“仍需去做”:故本题选c。110 单选题 Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon_ school education depends.A.itB.thatC.whoseD.which正确答案:D 参考解析:本题考查定语从句:空格处需填关系代词指代前面的reading,由于空格前有介词,故排除that:本句是“介词+which”引导的定语从句。句意为“有些专家认为阅读是一项决定学校教育
18、的基本技能”。故本题选D。111 单选题 Tom had to_ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.A.turn inB.turn downC.turn overD.turn to正确答案:B 参考解析:本题考查动词短语辨析。turn in“上交,归还,使自首”, turn down“拒绝”,turn over“把翻过来”turn to“求助于”。句意为“汤姆不得不拒绝上周末的派对邀请,因为他太忙了”。故本题选B。112 单选题 A ship on the harbor is safe, but t
19、hats not_ ships are built for.A.what B.whomC.whyD.when正确答案:A 参考解析:本题考查表语从句:后半句为表语从句,what既引导表语从句,又在从句中作for的宾语。句意为“船在港口固然安全,但那并不是造船的目的”。故本题选A,113 单选题 My room is in a mess, but I_ clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.A.darentB.shouldntC.needntD.mustnt正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查情态动词;darent“
20、不敢”,shouldnt“不应该”,neednt“不必”,mustnt表示禁止;根据句意“我的房间一片混乱,不过我在今晚外出之前清理,我可以明天早上再清理”;可知本题选C。114 单选题 Which of the following is least used as a method of grammar practice?A.Mechanical practice.B.Meaningful practice.C.Communicative practice.D.Perception practice.正确答案:D 参考解析:本题考查语法练习形式。A项“机械性练习”,B项“意义性练习”,C项“
21、交际性练习”,D项“认知练习”:A、B、C三项均属于语法练习的方法,认知练习一般用于语音练习。故本题选D。115 单选题 A teacher lists twenty simple present tense sentences and asks students to discuss and find out the grammatical structures. Whats the teachers grammar teaching method?A.Induction.B.Conduction.C.Construction.D.Deduction.正确答案:A 参考解析:本题考查语法教学
22、方法。教师让学生先接触含有语法规则的语境,然后根据上下文信息归纳出语法规则,这属于归纳法(the inductive method)。而演绎法(the deductive method)是指教师先直接讲解语法规则,之后让学生运用规则进行练习。题干中教师先列出一些“一般现在时”例句,然后让学生通过讨论总结出语法结构,采用的是归纳法。故本题选A。116 单选题 Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?A.courseB.fourC.your D.journey正确答案:D 参
23、考解析:本题考查Our组合的发音:course/k:(r)s/,four/f:(r)/,your/j:(r)/,journey/。d:(r)ni/。our组合在D项单词里的发音为/(r)/,在A、B、C三项单词里的发音均为/a:(r)/。故本题选D。117 单选题 Which of the following words in bold is pronounced with a rising tone?A.Whats your name?B.He is very short.C.Who will pick me up, he or you?D.Lets count our new books.
24、 One, two, three, four.正确答案:D 参考解析:本题考查句子语调。在一般情况下,特殊疑问句、陈述句用降调;选择疑问句中,先升调后降调;数数、列举事物或者列举一连串的动作时,除了最后的并列成分用降调外,前面所有的并列成分都要用升调。故本题选D。118 单选题 All the drugs can cause serious health problems if_in large doses.A.takenB.takeC.tookD.to take正确答案:A 参考解析:本题考查语态:句意为“如果大量使用,所有药物都可能导致严重的健康问题”。if引导的从句主语和主句主语一致时,
25、从句主语和系动词可以省略:本句的主语为drugs,其中take与主语为被动关系,因此用taken。故本题选A。119 单选题 A book-sharing program is to take off, where customers can borrow up to two books for free after paying 99 yuan online as theA.depositB.expenseC.allowance D.commission正确答案:A 参考解析:本题考查名词辨析。deposit“押金,订金”,expense“费用”,allowance“津贴”,commissi
26、on“佣金”。句意为“一项图书共享计划即将启动,用户只需在网上支付99元的押金,就可以免费借阅最多两本书”。故本题选A:120 单选题 As a reward for Aditis efforts, the boss insisted_a raise though shes been in this department for less than two seasons.A.on her givingB.to give herC.she be givenD.that she was given正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查虚拟语气。句意为“作为对阿底提的回报,尽管她在这个部门工作不到半年,
27、但是老板坚持认为应该给她加薪”。insist的用法一般是insist on(doing)sth或后接that从句,其中that从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,should可以省略:A项中的her不是give的主语,应该用被动语态,或on giving her,故排除A。宾语从句中,that可省略:故本题选C:121 单选题 He came from Russia,_I detected from his strong Russian accent.A.thatB.whatC.as D.where正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格所
28、在句为非限制性定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句,此时,as有“正如”之意:句意为“正如我从他浓重的俄罗斯口音所觉察到的那样,他来自俄罗斯”:故本题选C。122 单选题 He could see her lips_and hoped she would not cry in public again.A.disturbing B.tremblingC.shakingD.stooping正确答案:B 参考解析:本题考查动词辨析。disturb“打扰,妨碍”;tremble“发抖,颤抖”,多指因紧张、激动、惊慌等而不由自主地发抖;shake“摇动,颤抖(身体、手、脚)”,多指短暂而迅
29、速地上下摇动;stoop“弯腰”。句意为“他看到她的嘴唇在颤抖,希望她不会再在公共场合哭泣”二故本题选B:123 单选题 -What do you think of physics?-Physics is_mathematics, I guess.A.so a subject hard as B.a subject as hard asC.as hard a subject asD.hard as a subject as正确答案:B 参考解析:本题考查形容词原级比较。句意为“你觉得物理怎么样?我认为,物理如同数学一样难。as+(形容词/副词的)原级+as”意为“和一样”。故本题选B.124
30、单选题 Which of the following words is inflectional?A.Unfair.B.Carefree.C.Submarine.D.Going.正确答案:D 参考解析:本题考查形态学知识。A项和C项都是派生词;B项是复合词;D项是通过屈折变化构成的词,其中后缀ing不改变原来单词的意义,只表明其语法功能:故本题选D。125 单选题 When students learn apple, orange , the teacher gives students another word fruit .Which principle does the teacher
31、follow in his/her vocabulary teaching?A.Word-choice principle.B.Presentation principle.C.Culture principle.D.Systematic principle.正确答案:D 参考解析:本题考查词汇教学的原则。系统性原则是指在词汇教学时要注意给学生展示词汇之间的系统性和联系性,如音形关系、形意关系、词形变化关系、反义词、同义词、上下义词等。题干中教师呈现的词汇是上坐标词,故本题选D。126 单选题 Which of the letter u in the following words has a
32、 different pronunciation from others?A.abuseB.useC.excuseD.lure正确答案:D 参考解析:本题考查开音节单词的发音。根据开音节的发音规则可知,单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音的字母e构成的重读音节为开音节单词。在开音节中元音字母发本音,但是要注意的是,由元音字母加re字母结尾的重读音节并不构成开音节,所以lure中字母u的发音与其他三个选项不同。故本题选D。127 单选题 Which of the following do not belong to the same type according to the mann
33、er or place of articulation?A./p/,/b/,/ B./, /, /h/C./g/, /h/, /k/ D./g/, /,/k/正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查辅音的分类。A项中的三个音都属于双唇音;B项中的三个音均为擦音;C项中的/g/与/k/(均为爆破音和软腭音,/h/按发音部位分的话,为声门音,按发音方式分的话,为擦音;D项中的三个音均为软腭音。故本题选C。128 单选题 _being treated, it would produce a harmful chemical that would kill the patient.A.UnlessB.IfC.
34、AsD.Without正确答案:D 参考解析:本题考查连词辨析。unless“如果不,若非”,后面要接从句;if“如果,假若”;as“当时,随着”;without“无,没”,可表示条件,意为“若无,若非”。句意为“如果不处理,它会产生一种能导致病人死亡的有害化学物质”。故本题选D。129 单选题 I wish I_your advice then. In that case things might not be so badA.have takenB.would have takenC.had takenD.took正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查虚拟语气。句意为“我那时要是采纳了你的建议就
35、好了。那样的话,事情可能不会这么糟糕”。wish后面表示的是与过去事实相反的假设,从句谓语用“had+过去分词”形式。故本题选C。130 单选题 The radio set_has gone wrong.A.I bought it last weekB.I bought last weekC.which I bought it last weekD.what I bought last week正确答案:B 参考解析:本题考查定语从句:句意为“我上周买的收音机坏了”。该句是定语从句,先行词为the radio set,引导词在定语从句中作宾语,从句不能再出现宾语,故排除A、C;what一般不能
36、引导定语从句,因此排除D。故本题选B。131 单选题 Its not_she took off her black glasses_I realized she was a famous film star.A.where; that B.until; thatC.until; when D.when; then正确答案:B 参考解析:本题考查强调句。原句为“I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her black glasses”?本题的强调句型为“It is/was+强调部分+that”。故本题选B。13
37、2 单选题 Our school will_some new teachers next term as a result of increasing students.A.bring intoB.bring backC.bring inD.bring on正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查动词短语辨析。bring into“带进,卷入”;bring back“归还,使想起”;bring in“引入,吸引”,符合句意;bring on“使发展,导致(通常指坏事)”。句意为“由于学生人数增多,下学期我们学校将引进一些新老师”。故本题选C。133 单选题 Under the regulations,
38、 all the passengers_ remain in their seats until the. plane lands safely.A.mayB.shallC.couldD.would正确答案:B 参考解析:本题考查情态动词。may和could都可以表示“许可,可能”;shall用于法令、条约、规章中时,常译为“应该”,符合句意;would是will的过去式,表示“意愿、决心、请求、建议等”。句意为“按照规定,所有的乘客必须坐在他们的座位上,直到飞机安全着陆”。故本题选B。134 单选题 A Chinese student makes a sentence as follows
39、He is a rich man who like travelling .The error in that sentence is the result of_A.negative transferB.positive transferC.overgeneralizationD.pragmatic failure正确答案:A 参考解析:本题考查二语习得二语习得者在学习外语的过程中很容易受到母语的影响。母语有利于外语学习叫正迁移(positive transfer,也叫facilitation);母语阻碍外语的学习叫负迁移(negative transfer,也叫interference)。
40、题干例子便是负迁移的表现,因为汉语中谓语动词没有第j人称单数形式。故本题选A。外语习得中还有一些错误,不能用母语的影响来解释,比如He speaked English这个例子,只能说是学习者过度应用了语法规则,这种现象叫过度概括(overgeneralization)。语用错误(pragmatic failure)则是指学习者按照本民族的文化习惯来表达,结果违反了目的语国家的文化习俗。135 单选题 If a student reads the new word dumplings with a poor pronunciation in vocabulary exercise, it wou
41、ld be appropriate for the teacher to_A.read dumplings correctly, and ask the student to repeat itB.ignore the mistake and correct it after classC.ask the student to spell the wordD.ask the student to read again and then move on正确答案:A 参考解析:本题考查纠错方法。题干:如果一位学生在词汇练习中,读新单词“dumplings时的发音不准确,老师最好。词汇练习注重的是语
42、言的准确性,所以教师在练习时要及时纠正学生的发音错误,而不要到课后再纠正。故本题选A。136 单选题 _about a word involves its part of speech, affixes, spelling and pronunciation. It also includes lexical rules, the syntax structure of words.A.MeaningB.Word informationC.UsageD.Strategies正确答案:B 参考解析:本题考查词汇教学的内容。词汇教学内容包括词义(Meaning)、用法(Usage)、词汇信息(Wo
43、rd information)和策略(Strategies)。其中词汇信息包括词类、词的前缀和后缀、词的拼写和发音等;也包括词法规则,如名词的可数与不可数、动词的及物与否、形容词和副词的位置等。137 单选题 A teacher showed students an example and explained the usage of past perfect tense, and asked students to list ten past perfect tense sentences by imitating that example. Whats the teachers gramm
44、ar teaching method?A.Consolidation.B.Presentation.C.Deduction.D.Induction.正确答案:C 参考解析:本题考查语法教学知识。在演绎教学中,教师首先直接讲解语法规则并举例说明,然后让学生进行各种替换练习、句子练习等训练。教师通过一个例子讲了过去完成时的用法,然后让学生模仿此例子造十个过去完成时的句子,是典型的演绎教学法。consolidation意为“巩同”,presentation意为“呈现”,deduction意为“演绎”,induction意为“归纳”。故本题选C。138 单选题 When a teacher helps
45、 students deal with the information gap of real discourse, he/she probably aims at developing students( )。A.linguistic competenceB.strategic competenceC.discourse competenceD.fluency正确答案:D 参考解析:本题考查交际能力。赫奇(Hedge)认为,交际能力包括五个方面的能力:语言能力(linguistic competence)、语用能力(pragmatic competence)、语篇能力(discourse competence)、策略能力(strategic competence)和流利性(fluency)。流利性与说话有关,是指能够毫不犹豫地、毫不费力地、快速、流利地把会话单元连接起来的能力。一旦语言使用者具有了流利性,他就能够在真正的语篇中应付信息沟,能处理语言并且能自如地做出恰当