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1、（高职）Unit 16：外贸英语函电ppt课件外贸英语外贸英语函电函电n The term electronic commerce is heard frequently in modern society.It is one of the most common business terms in use as we embark on the 21st century.So what exactly is E-commerce? It tends to mean different things to different people.Some people say its the app
2、lication of advanced information technology to increase the effectiveness of the business relationship between trading partners； its the enablement of a business vision supported by advanced information technology to improve efficiency and effectiveness within the trading process； its a mix of busin
3、ess vision and enabling technology.Anyway it can be described as a process of buying and selling products，services，and information over computer networks including the Internet.The main methods of E-commerce remain the Internet and the World Wide Web，but the use of E-mail，fax and telephone orders is
4、 still prevalent. AText Text n E-commerce involves all sizes of transaction bases.As one would expect，E-commerce requires the digital transmission of transaction information.While transactions are conducted via electronic devices，they may be transported using either traditional physical shipping cha
5、nnels，such as a ground delivery service，or digital mechanisms，such as the download of a product from the Internet.The Internet provides access to an online global marketplace which operates on a 24 hour basis，with millions of customers and thousands of products and services.It also provides companie
6、s with new，more cost effective and time-efficient means for working with customers，suppliers and development partners.Internet-based electronic commerce will enable companies to shorten procurement cycles through use of online catalogues，ordering and payment； cut costs on both stock and manufactured
7、 parts through competitive biddings； reduce development cycles and accelerate time-to-market through collaborative engineering and product implementation； gain access to world wide markets at a fraction of traditional costs； ensure product，marketing information and process are always up to date. ATe
8、xt Text n E-commerce websites fall into several categories according to their internet trading relationship.People often call them the different models of E-commerce，among which business-to-business（B2B）and business-to-consumer（B2C）are most frequently heard.B2C E-commerce refers to businessesselling
9、 goods online directly to consumers.B2B E-commerce refers to that portion of E-commerce that takes place between businesses.Unlike B2C E-commerce，B2B E-commerce emphasizes supply chain integration，direct marketing over the web，and electronic marketplaces.n All in all，E-commerce has the promise to be
10、 a very powerful business channel.Many “traditional” businesses have already implemented successful web-based strategies. AText Text Business to Business E-commerce has been in use for quite a few years and is more commonly known as EDI（electronic data interchange 电子数据交换）.In the past EDI was conduct
11、ed on a direct link of some form between the two businesses whereas today the most popular connection is the Internet.The two businesses pass information electronically to each other.B2B E-commerce currently makes up about 94% all E-commerce transactions.Business to Consumer E-commerce is relatively
12、 new.This is where the consumer accesses the system of the supplier.It is still a two-way function but is usually done solely through the Internet.Example：A home user wishes to purchase some good quality wine.The user accesses the Internet site and follows the links to read a report on the recommend
13、ed wines.After reading the tasting notes the user follows the links to place an order along with delivery and payment details directly into the merchants inventory system.The wine is then dispatched from the suppliers warehouse and in theory is delivered to the consumer without delay. Types of E-com
14、merceText Text B BConsumer to Business is a growing arena where the consumer requests a specific service from the business.Example：Harry is planning a holiday in Darwin.He requires a flight in the first week of December and is only willing to pay $250.Harry places a submission within a web-based C2B
15、 facilities.Dodge Brothers Airways accesses the facility and sees Harrys submission.Due to it being a slow period，the airline offers Harry a return fare for $250.Business to Employee E-commerce is growing in use.This form of E-commerce is more commonly known as an “intranet”.An intranet is a web sit
16、e developed to provide employees of an organization with information.The intranet is usually accessed through the organizations network，though it can and is often extended to an entrant who uses the Internet but restricts uses by sign-on and password. Types of E-commerceText Text B BThese sites are
17、usually some form of an auction site.The consumer lists items for sale with a commercial auction site.Other consumers access the site and place bids on the items.The site then provides a connection between the seller and buyer to complete the transaction.The site provider usually charge a transactio
18、n cost.In reality this site should be called C2B2C.Companies using internal networks to offer their employees products and services online not necessarily online on the Web are engaging in B2E（Business- to- Employee）E-commerce G2G（Government-to-Government），G2E（Government-to-Employee），G2B（Government-
19、to-Business），B2G（Business-to-Government），G2C（Government-to-Citizen），and C2G（Citizen-to-Government）are other forms of E-commerce that involve transactions with the government from procurement to filing taxes to business registrations to renewing licenses. Types of E-commerceText Text B B谢 谢 聆 听T H A N K S F O R Y O U R A T T E N T I O N