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1、www.XiYuS锡育软件So this is a story of a place that I now call home.这是一个故事 一个关于一个我现在称之为“家”的地方的故事00:13Its a story of public education and of rural communities andof what design might do to improve both.一个关于公共教育 和乡村社区 还有设计如何能改善这两项的故事。00:17So this is Bertie County,North Carolina,USA.这就是伯蒂(Bertie)县 它位于美国北卡罗
2、来纳州。00:25To give you an idea of the where:为了让你们对它的位置有一个清晰的概念00:29So heres North Carolina,and if we zoom in,Bertie County isin the eastern part of the state.这就是北卡罗来纳,如果我们放大一下,伯蒂县就在这个州的东部,00:31Its about two hours east driving-time from Raleigh.它距离罗莉（Raleigh）市 大概有两小时的车程00:36And its very flat.Its very s
3、wampy.那里地势很平坦,而且有很多沼泽。00:40Its mostly farmland.那里的土地大多数用于耕地。00:42The entire county is home to just 20,000 people,and theyrevery sparsely distributed.整个县 只有20000人,而且居住的很分散。00:44So theres only 27 people per square mile,which comesdown to about 10 people per square kilometer.所以大概每平方公里只有27个人。而每平方千米降到只有1
4、0个人左右。10个人左右。00:49Bertie County is kind of a prime example in the demise ofrural America.伯蒂(Bertie)县是 正在消失的美国农村的一个主要的例子00:55Weve seen this story all over the country and even in placesbeyond the American borders.整个国家到处都是这样的故事 甚至是美国之外的地方01:00swampy:adj.沼泽的;湿地的;沼泽多的;松软的 farmland:n.农田 sparsely:adv.稀疏地;
5、贫乏地 demise:n.死亡,终止;转让;传位/vt.遗赠;禅让We know the symptoms.我们已经发现这一征兆01:06Its the hollowing out of small towns.这意味着小城镇的空洞化01:08Its downtowns becoming ghost towns.这意味着商业区变成城市的废墟01:10The brain drain-where all of the most educated andqualified leave and never come back.-人才流失-那些受过高等教育和有能力的人通通都离开了那里,而且再也不回来。0
6、1:12Its the dependence on farm subsidies and under-performing schools and higher poverty rates in rural areasthan in urban.农村与城市相比,对于政府补贴更加依赖 学校的水平底下 而且贫困率更高。01:17And Bertie County is no exception to this.伯蒂(Bertie)县也不例外01:25Perhaps the biggest thing it struggles with,like manycommunities similar to
7、 it,is that theres no shared,collectiveinvestment in the future of rural communities.或许这个县所面临的最大的问题 和其它与之类似的社区一样,就是没有 对于农村未来的 共享的,集体的投资01:27Only 6.8 percent of all our philanthropic giving in the U.S.right now benefits rural communities,and yet 20 percent ofour population lives there.现在整个美国的慈善捐助,只有6
8、.8%用于农村社区。但居住在农村地区的人口却占总人口的20%。01:37So Bertie County is not only very rural;its incredibly poor.所以伯蒂县不单单只是农村,而且那里非常的贫困。01:45symptoms:n.临床症状;症候;病徵 hollowing:n.打凹成形(雕塑技法)/v.挖空,弄凹(hollow的ing形式)downtowns:adv.往闹市区;在市区/adj.市中心的/n.市中心区;三分线以外 brain drain:人才外流;智囊流失 dependence:n.依赖;依靠;信任;信赖 subsidies:补助金,补贴,津
9、贴(subsidy的名词复数)similar to:与相似;和相同 philanthropic:adj.博爱的;仁慈的It is the poorest county in the state.它是北卡罗来纳州最贫困的县。01:48It has one in three of its children living in poverty,and itswhat is referred to as a rural ghetto.三分之一的孩子生活在贫困之中,这被成为农村贫困区。01:50The economy is mostly agricultural.那里的经济主要依靠农业,01:56The
10、 biggest crops are cotton and tobacco,and were veryproud of our Bertie County peanut.主要农作物是棉花和烟草,和我们引以为豪的花生。01:59The biggest employer is the Purdue chicken processingplant.那里最大的雇主是Purdue鸡肉处理厂02:04The county seat is Windsor.伯蒂县位于温莎市02:07TED演讲者：Emily Pilloton|Emily Pilloton演讲标题：Emily Pilloton:Teaching
11、 design for change|教授改变世界的设计内容概要：Emily Pilloton wrote Design Revolution,a book about 100-plus objects and systemsdesigned to make people.s lives better.In 2010,her design nonprofit began an immersiveresidency in Bertie County,North Carolina,the poorest and most rural county in the state.Emily Pillot
12、on的职业是设计师，她搬到位于卡罗莱纳州（在美国东南部）的伯蒂(Bertie)县，去从事一项大胆的关于以设计引导社区转变的实验。她在一所名为H工作室的学校教授设计-构造课程，这一课程的目的是为了利用高等知识分子的思想和劳动为这个国家最贫困的地区带去漂亮的设计和新的机会。This is like Times Square of Windsor that youre looking atright now.你们现在看到的是温莎市的 泰晤士广场.02:09Its home to only 2,000 people,and like a lot of other smalltowns it has b
13、een hollowed out over the years.这里仅有2000居民,而且和其他很多小城镇一样它已经“空洞化”很多年了。02:12There are more buildings that are empty or in disrepair thanoccupied and in use.这里空的或者破损的建筑 比正在被使用的数量更多。02:18You can count the number of restaurants in the county onone hand-Bunns Barbecue being my absolute favorite.县里的餐馆数量屈指可数
14、 你用一只手就可以数过来 Bunn的烤肉店绝对是我的最爱,02:23ghetto:n.犹太人区;贫民区/vt.使集中居住 agricultural:adj.农业的;农艺的 crops:n.农作物(crop的复数);收成;冶切头/v.种植(crop的三单形式);收割;修剪;产庄稼 tobacco:n.烟草,烟叶;烟草制品;抽烟 hollowed:空心的/凹陷的 disrepair:n.失修,塌毁;破损 on one hand:一方面 Barbecue:n.烤肉;吃烤肉的野宴/vt.烧烤;烤肉But in the whole county there is no coffee shop,there
15、s noInternet cafe,theres no movie theater,theres no bookstore.但是整个县没有一家咖啡店 那里也没有网吧,没有电影院,没有书店。02:29There isnt even a Walmart.甚至是没有沃尔玛。02:35Racially,the county is about 60 percent African American,but what happens in the public schools is most of theprivileged white kids go to the private Lawrence Ac
16、ademy.在人种分布上,这个县 大约有60%的人是黑人,但是在公立学校中,由于多数白种小孩都去了私立的劳伦斯中学,02:37So the public school students are about 86 percent AfricanAmerican.所以在公立学校中 黑种人占了86%。02:47And this is a spread from the local newspaper of the recentgraduating class,and you can see the difference is prettystark.这是一张在当地报纸上登出的最近的毕业班学生的照片
17、你们可以看到当中的区别很明显。02:51So to say that the public education system in Bertie Countyis struggling would be a huge understatement.所以说伯蒂县的公共教育系统 生存艰难 是很保守的说法。02:57Theres basically no pool of qualified teachers to pull from,and only eight percent of the people in the county have abachelors degree or higher.
18、那里没有一个输出 优秀教师的源头。整个县只有8%的人拥有 本科或本科以上的文凭。03:03So there isnt a big legacy in the pride of education.所以这是一个很大 关于教育的遗留问题。03:11Racially:adv.人种上;按人种 privileged:adj.享有特权的;有特别恩典的/v.给予特权;免除(privilege的过去分词)publicschool:(美国和苏格兰的初等或中等的)公立中小学;寄宿学校 stark:adj.完全的；荒凉的；刻板的；光秃秃的；朴实的/adv.完全；明显地；突出地；质朴地/So to say:可以这么说
19、 understatement:n.保守的陈述;不充分的陈述;有保留的陈述In fact,two years ago,only 27 percent of all the third-through eighth-graders were passing the state standard inboth English and math.事实上,两年前,在仅有的三分之一接收过八年级教育的人中,只有27%的人在数学和英语上 达到国家标准。03:15So it sounds like Im painting a really bleak picture of thisplace,but I pr
20、omise there is good news.听起来我好像是在描述一副关于这一地区的很惨淡的画面,但是我可以保证我们有好的消息。03:24The biggest asset,in my opinion,one of the biggest assets inBertie County right now is this man:This is Dr.Chip Zullinger,fondly known as Dr.Z.我认为伯蒂县现在最大的财富之一 就是这个人,这是Chip Zullinger博士,我们亲切的称他为Z博士。03:30He was brought in in October
21、 2007 as the newsuperintendent to basically fix this broken school system.他是在2007年十月人 作为改善已经破碎的教育系统的负责 来到伯蒂县的03:39And he previously was a superintendent in Charleston,SouthCarolina and then in Denver,Colorado.他以前在南卡罗来纳州的查尔斯顿 和科罗拉多州(位于美国西部)的丹佛 担任过负责人。03:45He started some of the countrys first charter
22、 schools in thelate 80s in the U.S.他首先从伯蒂县最早的一些80年代建的 特许学校开始03:51And he is an absolute renegade and a visionary,and he isthe reason that I now live and work there.他绝对具有改革精神而且是极有远见的 他也是我在伯蒂县定居和工作的原因。03:56bleak:adj.阴冷的;荒凉的,无遮蔽的;黯淡的,无希望的;冷酷的;单调的 asset:n.资产;优点;有用的东西;有利条件;财产;有价值的人或物 assets:n.资产;宝贵的人材;有益的
23、品质;经财产;有利条件(一项)财物;资产(asset的名词复数);(商店,破产者等的)财产;遗产;有价值的人或物 fondly:adv.天真地;怜爱地;温柔地 superintendent:n.监督人;负责人;主管;指挥者 renegade:n.叛徒;变节者;脱党者/vi.背叛;脱离/adj.叛徒的;背弃的;脱离的 visionary:adj.梦想的;幻影的/n.空想家;梦想者;有眼力的人So in February of 2009,Dr.Zullinger invited us,Project HDesign-which is a non-profit design firm that I
24、founded-to come to Bertie and to partner with him on the repair ofthis school district and to bring a design perspective to therepair of the school district.在2009年2月 Zullinger邀请我们,H设计项目-一个我建立的非盈利的设计公司 去伯蒂县并与他合作 去修复这一学区 用设计的观点去修复这一学区04:03And he invited us in particular because we have a veryspecific
25、type of design process-one that results inappropriate design solutions in places that dont usuallyhave access to design services or creative capital.他邀请我们主要是 因为我们有很特别的 设计过程类型 这种类型是为那些在 通常情况下没机会接触到设计服务或者创意资本的地区 设计合理的解决方案的结果04:17Specifically,we use these six design directives,probably themost importan
26、t being number two:we design with,not for-in that,when were doing humanitarian-focused design,its特别的,我们有六个设计教条 可能其中最重要的是第二个 我们不是为谁设计,而是与谁一起设计。基于这一点,当我们的设计关注于人道主义时 我们已经不再是为了客户而设计。04:30in that,when were doing humanitarian-focused design,itsnot about designing for clients anymore.经不再是为了客户而设计。04:30Its a
27、bout designing with people,and letting appropriatesolutions emerge from within.而是与别人一起共同设计 然后让合理的解决方法从内部形成。04:43www.XiYuS锡育软件So at the time of being invited down there,we were based inSan Francisco,and so we were going back and forth forbasically the rest of 2009,spending about half our time inBerti
28、e County.一开始我们刚被邀请到那里时 我们还住在圣弗朗西斯科 所以我们在2009年余下的时间里 基本上都是要来回的奔波 在伯蒂县的时间大约占了我们的一半时间04:48non-profit:adj.非营利的 in particular:尤其,特别 directives:n.指令(directive的复数形式);指示 back and forth:反复地,来回地And when I say we,I mean Project H,but more specifically,Imean myself and my partner,Matthew Miller,whos anarchitect
29、 and a sort of MacGyver-type builder.当我说我们时,我指的是H项目的人 但更确切的说,我指的是我自己和我的伙伴,马修米勒 一位设计师和麦吉弗类型的建筑师04:58So fast-forward to today,and we now live there.快进到现在,我们现在住在伯蒂县05:07I have strategically cut Matts head out of this photo,because he would kill me if he knew I was using it because ofthe sweatsuits.我不得不
30、把这张照片上的马修的头剪掉 因为如果他知道我在用它的话,他会杀了我的 主要是因为他穿的运动服05:10But this is our front porch.We live there.这是我们的前门廊,我们住在那里05:16We now call this place home.我们现在把这个地方称作就“家”05:18Over the course of this year that we spent flying back andforth,we realized we had fallen in love with the place.通过这一年往复的飞来飞去 我们认识到我们已经爱上了这
31、个地方05:20We had fallen in love with the place and the people and thework that were able to do in a rural place like Bertie County,that,as designers and builders,you cant do everywhere.我们已经爱上了这片土地和这里的人们 我们现在在像伯蒂县这样的农村地区所做的 工作-做设计师和建筑师 不是在每一个地方都能做的。05:25Theres space to experiment and to weld and to tes
32、t things.这是一个可以去试验,去结合和测试不同东西的地方05:36builder:n.建筑者;建立者 fast-forward:n.快进功能/adj.进展迅速的/vi.快进/vt.使快进 strategically:adv.战略性地;战略上head out:头向外;出海;片头就位,电影片头朝外 porch:n.门廊；走廊 builders:n.建施工人员(builder的复数);生成器We have an amazing advocate in Dr.Zullinger.我们有Zullinger博士的大力支持05:40Theres a nobility of real,hands-on
33、,dirt-under-your-fingernails work.去做那些务实的,真正的脏活累活 是高尚的05:43But beyond our personal reasons for wanting to be there,there is a huge need.但是留在那里,除了我们个人的原因 还有就是因为那里有巨大的需求05:48There is a total vacuum of creative capital in Bertie County.伯蒂县的创新资本基本上是空的05:52There isnt a single licensed architect in the wh
34、ole county.整个县没有一个真正有执照的设计师05:55And so we saw an opportunity to bring design as thisuntouched tool,something that Bertie County didntotherwise have,and to be sort of the-to usher that in as anew type of tool in their tool kit.我们看到了一个机会 一个把设计作为一种没有被触及的工具带给 伯蒂县的机会 把设计作为一种新型的工具添加到他们的 工具包的机会05:58The ini
35、tial goal became using design within the publiceducation system in partnership with Dr.Zullinger-thatwas why we were there.我们最初来到这里的目标是为了和Zullinger博士一起 设计公共教育系统 这是为什么我们来到这里06:11But beyond that,we recognized that Bertie County,as acommunity,was in dire need of a fresh perspective of prideand connecte
36、dness and of the creative capital that they wereso much lacking.但是除了这些,我们认识到 作为一个社区,伯蒂县极其需要对于荣耀和与与外界连通的 新视角 还有就是他们非常缺乏的 创新资本06:18advocate:vt.提倡,主张,拥护/n.提倡者;支持者;律师 nobility:n.贵族;高贵;高尚 hands-on:adj.亲身实践的,亲自动手的vacuum:n.真空;空间;真空吸尘器/adj.真空的;利用真空的;产生真空的/vt.用真空吸尘器清扫 licensed:adj.得到许可的(等于licenced)/v.许可;批准(l
37、icense的过去分词)untouched:adj.未受影响的;未改变的;未触动过的;不受感动的 usher:n.引座员,带位员;接待员;门房/vt.引导,招待;迎接;开辟/vi.作招待员;当引座员 partnership:n.合伙;经管合伙企业;合作关系;合伙契约dire:adj.可怕的;悲惨的;极端的 lacking:adj.缺乏的;没有的;不足的/v.缺少;不足(lack的ing形式)So the goal became,yes,to apply design within education,but then to figure out how to make education a
38、great vehiclefor community development.所以最后我们的目标变为了,是的,把用设计来进行教育 然后找出如何能让教育成为 推动社区建设的动力06:31So in order to do this,weve taken three differentapproaches to the intersection of design and education.为了做到这些,我们有三种不同的方法 来得到教育和设计的结合点06:39And I should say that these are three things that weve donein Bertie
39、County,but I feel pretty confident that they couldwork in a lot of other rural communities around the U.S.andmaybe even beyond.我得说这三样也是我们已经在伯蒂县做了的三件事情 我现在可以非常的自信说我们有能力和美国 其他的农村社区一起工作 也许美国之外的也可以06:44So the first of the three is design for education.三件事的第一件是设计教育的方法06:54This is the most kind of direct,
40、obvious intersection of the two这是教育和设计之间 最明显和直接的结合点06:57This is the most kind of direct,obvious intersection of the twothings.06:57Its the physical construction of improved spaces andmaterials and experiences for teachers and students.这是在为教师和学生 搭建宽敞的 学习空间、资料和经验07:02This is in response to the awful m
41、obile trailers and theoutdated textbooks and the terrible materials that werebuilding schools out of these days.这是对与糟糕的移动拖车和 过时的教材 还有我们这些年建学校所用的劣质的材料的回应07:09approaches:处理 intersection:n.交叉;十字路口;交集;交叉点 in response to:响应;回答;对有反应 trailers:n.车辆拖车(trailer的复数形式);篇身片;追踪者/v.用拖车载运(trailer的第三人称单数形式)outdated:a
42、dj.过时的;旧式的/v.使过时(outdate的过去式和过去分词)And so this played out for us in a couple different ways.为了完成这个,我们做了很多不同的事情07:18The first was a series of renovations of computer labs.首先是对于电脑实验室的一系列改革07:20So traditionally,the computer labs,particularly in an under-performing school like Bertie County,where they ha
43、ve tobenchmark test every other week,the computer lab is a kill-and-drill testing facility.过去学校的电脑实验室 特别是像在伯蒂县的那些差一点的学校 这些学校每两周都会有一次基准评测 电脑实验室的电脑 是测试的工具07:23You come in,you face the wall,you take your test and youleave.你进去,面对这墙壁,做完测试,然后走掉07:35So we wanted to change the way that students approachtech
44、nology,to create a more convivial and social space thatwas more engaging,more accessible,and also to increasethe ability for teachers to use these spaces for technology-based instruction.我们希望能够改变学生们接触科技的方式 去创造一个更加活跃,更加有吸引力,更容易接触的社会空间 而且我们希望能够提高 教师们使用这些空间来进行高科技教育的能力07:38So this is the lab at the high
45、 school,and the principal there isin love with this room.这是我们一所高中的实验室 这个学校的校长很喜欢这个实验室07:51Every time he has visitors,its the first place that he takesthem.每当他有访客时,这个实验室都是他第一个带访客去参观的地方07:55renovations:n.革新(renovation的复数);翻新 labs:n.实验室 traditionally:adv.传统上;习惯上;传说上 benchmark:n.基准;标准检查程序/vt.用基准问题测试(计算机
46、系统等)every other:所有其他的;每隔一个的 convivial:adj.欢乐的;欢宴的;酒宴的 engaging:adj.迷人的/v.参加(engage的ing形式);保证;雇用And this also meant the co-creation with some teachers ofthis educational playground system called the learninglandscape.这还意味着一些教师可以在 这个教育场地中相互协作来进行创造 我们称这个为学习景观07:59It allows elementary-level students to
47、learn core subjectsthrough game play and activity and running around andscreaming and being a kid.它让基础阶段的学生能在作为一个孩子应该做的事情,比如 在玩游戏、跑来跑去和尖叫中学到核心课程08:05So this game that the kids are playing here-in this casethey were learning basic multiplication through a gamecalled Match Me.现在孩子们正在玩的游戏 叫做 跟我比,孩子们可以通
48、过玩这个游戏学到基础乘法08:12And in Match Me,you take the class,divide it into two teams,one team on each side of the playground,and the teacherwill take a piece of chalk and just write a number on each ofthe tires.在“跟我比”中,一个班的孩子被分为两队 每个队站在操场的两边 老师会拿一只粉笔 在每一个轮胎上写一个数字08:18And then shell call out a math problem-s
49、o lets say fourtimes four-and then one student from each team has tocompete to figure out that four times four is 16 and find thetire with the 16 on it and sit on it.然后她会出一个数学问题 比如说4乘以4 每个队要出一名同学来算出 4乘以4等于16 然后找到标有16的轮胎坐下08:27So the goal is to have all of your teammates sitting on thetires and then
50、your team wins.游戏的最终目标是让你们队的所有队员都能坐到轮胎上 然后你们对就可以获胜08:39And the impact of the learning landscape has been prettysurprising and amazing.学习景观的作用非常 惊人08:43multiplication:n.数乘法;增加Some of the classes and teachers have reported higher testscores,a greater comfort level with the material,especiallywith the