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1、2023年绍兴市越城区考研英语一押题密卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)How did you do it, Dad? How have you managed not to take a drink for almost 20 years? It took me almost 20 years to ha
2、ve the to even ask my father this very personal question. When Dad first 2 drinking, the whole family was on pins and needles every time he got into a 3 that, in the past, would have started him 4 again. For a few years we were 5 to bring it up for fear that the drinking would begin again.“I had thi
3、s little poem that I would recite to myself at least four to five times a day,“ was Dads 6 to my 18-year-old unasked question. The words were a constant 7 to me that things were 8 so hard that I could not deal with them J Dad said. Then he9 the poem with me. The poems 10, yet profound words immediat
4、elybecame 11 of my daily routine as well.About a month after this 12 with my father, I received a gift in the mail from a friend of mine. It was a book of daily sayings of wisdom with one 13 for each day of the year.It has been my 14 that when you get something with days of the year on it, you natur
5、ally turn to the page that lists your own 15.I 16 opened the book to November 10 to see 17 words of wisdom this book had in store for me. I was 18 when I looked at the page, and then tears of disbelief and appreciation 19 down my face. There, on my birthday, was the exact same poem that had 20 my fa
6、ther for all these years! It is called the Serenity (平静)Prayer.God grant methe serenity to accept the things I cannot change;the courage to change the things I can;and the wisdom to know the difference.1、A. chanceB.courageC. abilityD. right2、A. gave upB.took upC. went onD , carried on3、A. wayB.habit
7、C. situationD. house4、 A. recitingB.askingC. smokingD. drinking5、A. sureB.uncertainC. afraidD, eager6、 A. replyB.wordsC. excuseD. explanation7、A. fearB.imaginationC. thoughtD. reminder8、A. neverB.seldomC. alwaysD. ever13. A14. B15. B16. D17. C18. B19. C20. DSection II Reading Comprehension2、1. D2. A
8、3. B4. D3、1. B2. C3. A4. C4、1. D2. A3. D4. A5. D5、1. B2. C3. A4. B6、1. inventor2. were3. on/upon4. the5. . messages6. named7. was given8. . later9. getting10. whom7、1. flights2. it3. attractive4. who5. . thoroughly6. their7. interested8. to9. is10. to applySection III Translation8、1. C2. A3. G4. B5.
9、 D9、1. C2. A3. E4. D5. G9、A. discussedB. sharedC. offeredD. talked10 A. wonderfulB . longC. simpleD , boringIk A. allB . thatC. anyD. part12、A. talkB quarrelC , tripD. lesson13、A. listedB. includedC- readD. said14、 A. methodB. experienceC. wealthD. message15、A. characterB. birthdayC. qualitiesD. fav
10、orites16、A. doubtfullyB. carefullyC. happilyD. hurriedly17、 A. whereB . whetherC. whatD. how18、A. excitedB. astonishedC. disappointedD. frightened19、A. hungB. pulledC. rolledD. pushed20 A. troubledB. disturbedC. pleasedD. helpedSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four
11、 texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Created in 1998 by Casey and Shelley Black, the Northern Lights Wildlife Wolf Center focuses on not only rescuing young abandoned wolves but educating the public. Unlike oth
12、er centers, you can actually walk with the wolves and have exciting, hands - on interaction with them here. And so, we gathered one late winter morning to learn, prepare and walk.Scrappy and Flora, our wolves that day, were brought to the center when only a few days old. They lived in the house with
13、 us for the first several months. We treated them like human babies, fed them and slept with them, “ said Shelley. So, they are totally used to people. However, these are wild animals. For that reason, Shelley and Casey explained, the walk is totally on the wolfs terms. nWe dont approach them, but i
14、f they come up to us, we can touch them. ”With all this in mind, we headed for the woods. We were walking on a logging road when suddenly, Flora, all 60 pounds of her, hurried up to me and raised up on her legs. She was almost as tall as me. As she leaned in, put her huge muddy paws on my shoulders
15、and sniffed my face, apparently she was saying hello in wolf talk.We walked farther, maybe half a mile, while Scrappy and Flora dashed in and out of the woods stopping to occasionally roll in the snow, dig for this or that and just play. Then we all headed into the trees to a picturesque stream wher
16、e the wolves splashed, drank and had a great time.One could point out that this whole adventure was staged and quite artificial. But the purpose, Casey and Shelley said, is to explain the wolves* place in the environment and, primarily, to let people know wolves dont have to be universally feared-th
17、ey really dont hide secretly in the woods just waiting to eat people, but they1 d rather avoid people, for the most part.1 How is the Northern Lights Wildlife Wolf Center different from others?A. It trains and educates wild wolves.B. It aims to rescue young abandoned wolves.C. It raises wolves for c
18、ommercial purposes.D. It allows visitors to take a walk with wolves.2、What can be inferred from Shelley and Caseys explanation in Paragraph 2?A. The walk can be potentially dangerous.B. The wolves have lost all their wildness.C. People should get close to the wolves actively.D. The wolves can read p
19、eoples mind like human babies.3、Why did Flora behave like that when she saw the author on the logging road?A, To express curiosity.B. To show friendliness.C , To attract attention.D. To seek companionship.4、Why do Casey and Shelley organize such an adventure? A. To advertise the center.B. To publici
20、ze wolf hunting.C. To promote environmental protection.D. To clarify some conventional views of wolves.Text 2In this Pennsylvania city, Pittsburgh is shrinking but getting wealthier. Since 2000, its population has declined by 95,000 while its income per capita （人均）has shot up 24 percent. The trend i
21、s taking hold in many other cities, like Buffalo in New York, Providence in Rhode Island and New Orleans.Some of these areas have created more high-paying jobs in energy, health care or education. Others have managed to reshape their manufacturing （制造、也）for a new economy. Higher-paying jobs have a g
22、reater effect because they create demand for additional services. The story in Pittsburgh is very positive, and other areas are looking at it as an example of the transformation that might be possible/9 said Guhan Venkatu, who wrote an economic history of the area called “Rust and Renewal“ for the F
23、ederal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have helped bring tech jobs and innovation （革新）to the area by sponsoring tech centers that help graduates start companies without moving to Silicon Valley or San Francisco. This has helped keep Pittsburghs e
24、ducated young population growing even as the entire population in the city has dropped.Pittsburgh has more STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) jobs than other shrinking cities, about 80,000 or 7% of all jobs. STEM jobs add productivity and income growth to the area. Manufacturers of hig
25、h-tech medical equipment in the Pittsburgh area also have doubled employment in the last 10 years.However, some experts question whether growing income per capita can really make up for a declining population. According to Patrick Adler, a researcher at the University of Toronto, population loss doe
26、s matter if it means lower-skilled workers have fled because of a lack of opportunity. Whafs more, high-paying jobs in education and health care can disappear if the population declines too greatly. So itd be wise to find ways to increase the population.1、In what aspect does Pittsburgh set a good ex
27、ample?A. Transforming new energy.B. Creating more well-paid jobs.C. Prohibiting the manufacturing.D. Sponsoring higher education.2、How do some academic institutions help with the local economy?A. By helping to attract more talents from other areas.B. By providing much technical support to local comp
28、anies.C. By successfully keeping educated youths working locally.D. By assisting in employing a large number of educated youths.3、Why is Patrick Adler mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To show the disadvantage of a declining population.B. To give a suggestion about increasing population.C. To raise
29、 doubts about growing income per capita.D. To tell a reason why lower-skilled workers flee.4、What can be a suitable title for the text?A. How Fast Job Growth Is Related to Population GrowthB. How Less-crowded Cities Plan Their High-tech EconomyC. Why Some Cities are Losing People but Getting Wealthi
30、erD. Why Some Cities are Suffering From a Shrinking PopulationText 3Its hair-raising news for criminals on the run. Scientists behind a new study have worked out how to identify individuals only based on the proteins(蛋白质)in a single strand of their hair.While the police already look at DNA from hair
31、 as part of investigations, the technique is far from ideal: DNA is easily degradable, meaning it can only be analyzed within a certain time period after the crime. But the new technique could even be used to solve historical or archaeological cases, making it far superior to DNA sequencing in many
32、ways.DNA degradation depends on several environmental factors including temperature, humidity and PH. It is also affected by the activity of bacteria and other microorganisms. In contrast, actual hairs can survive for a long timesometimes centuries.After bones and teeth, hair is in fact one of the m
33、ost resistant structures of the human body.In order to understand how the protein can be used to identify individuals, it is important to understand mat proteins are coded by DNA. This means that a certain level of the genetic variation that we see in different peoples DNA passes into their proteins
34、. In fact, genetic information in the DNA is translated into amino-acid chains that make up proteins.The method not only allows for human identification but it can also reveal how old the sample is and what region it comes from, so that we can distinguish between current and ancient samples. But whi
35、le the discovery is exciting, the technique is not quite polished enough to be used in the court room. The main task now will be to analyze hair samples from all over the world, which will make it a lot more reliable.The new discovery will boost the significance of hair as evidence in courts, at a t
36、ime when some forensic（司法鉴定的） disciplines have been criticized in the US. It will also be of great use in archaeology.1、What*s the main idea of the passage?A. DNA evidence is far from ideal.B. Criminals on the run get hair-raising news.C. Scientists are planning a test of human hair.D. Humans can be
37、 identified by proteins in hair.2、Which evidence is more reliable for the police to identify a criminal?A. Lost teeth. B. The footprint.C. Personal belongings. D. Damaged DNA.3、In what way is the new technique superior to DNA test?A. Serving as evidence in courts.B. Possessing genetic information.C.
38、 Inferring the height of a person.D. Distinguishing the region of a person.4、What will scientists do in the following few years?A. Test hair samples worldwide. B. Legalize the hair evidence.C Apply protein-test to archaeology. D. Map the structure of DNA.5、Who will welcome the discovery?A. Criminals
39、. B. Employers.C. Hairdressers. D. Archaeologists.Text 4When you search Google or use Amazon, you might assume the results you see are the same as those viewed by your friends, family and other Internet users. But youd be wrong. Websites and social networks track your location and search history and
40、 make assumptions about your age, race, sex and political views. They then show ads they believe to be the most relevant, in order to maximize clicks, but personalize which results you see by eliminating what they think is irrelevant.This is sold to the public as positive, making each web session re
41、levant and interesting, yet it is leading researchers to fear this could widen divides between the North and South, rich and poor, and young and old. For example, in terms of wealth, if users are only ever shown particular products and job advertisements based on how much they earn or where they liv
42、e, these users will never be given the opportunities to increase their wealth, or how much they spend on items.Princeton University has created bots （自动程序）,each with their own fake profiles. These bots have different fake ages and sexes, earn different levels of money, are virtually（虚拟地）based in var
43、ious locations around the world and have different interests. By using these bots to scan and research the web, the researchers hope to create a picture of not only what each of them sees, but also what sites they are missing out on.According to lead researcher, Arvind Narayanan, Our goal is a web p
44、rivacy census （普查）which will be a comprehensive map of who are collecting what information, what they are inferring from it, and who they are sharing it with. It is an important step in our final goal of figuring out how users are treated based on that infbimation.Personalization also has its benefi
45、ts. Shopping sites such as Amazon and eBay can scan a users search and purchase history to offer suggestions. This can help find similar, cheaper items or items that are more suited to their needs at a glance. Ifs also possible to disable personalized ads and results. Googles search engine lets you
46、switch off personalization, for example.Researchers from the Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Barcelona and Yahoo felt the issue was so potentially damaging, and they have also created a way to burst the 自Iter（过滤）bubble”. They believe that just because people have opposing views on certain topics it does
47、nt mean they wont share interests with others.1、The underlined word eliminating“ in Paragraph 1 probably means A. decorating B. removingC. personalizing D. protecting2、Princeton University created bots to.A. explain why different websites are personalizedB. offer users some advice on how to protect
48、privacyC. assess how personalization is affecting Internet usersD. stress the advantages and disadvantages of personalization of websites3、Which of the following websites have done something to cut off personalization?A. Google and Yahoo.B. eBay and Google.C. Amazon and eBay.D. Amazon and Yahoo.4、What is this passage mainly about?A. Dif