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1、中考英语重点语法It句型和There be 句型知识讲解it句型的考查,主要在单项选择和完成句子中考查,考查角度为it作形式主语的句型。There be句型主要在单项选择、完成句子、连词成句和看图写话等题型考查,考查角度:Therebe句型的主谓一致、Therebe句型与时态结合考查、Therebe句型的结构及There be句型变为否定句和疑问句等。学生应该掌握以下内容:It 句型的常见句式There be 句型的基本句型结构及各种时态下的句式There be 句型的各种句式的转化一、It句型1.It 作形式主语的句型(1 )It + be + adj.+ of sb.to do sth.某
2、人做是的。eg.Its really nice of you to agree to talk to us,Bernard.伯纳德,你同意和我们谈话真是太好了。(2) It +be + adj.+ for sb./sth.to do sth.做某事对某人/某事来说是的。eg.Its easy for me to play ping-pong!打乒乓球对我来说很容易! (3) It is useless/ no use.doing sth.做某事是没有用的。eg.Its useless crying.Just be more careful next time.哭是没有用的。下次请多加注意。 I
3、ts no use arguing with him.与他争辩是没用的。(4)lt+be +v.-ed(re- ported,said, believed等)that据.eg.Its said that happy people can live longer.据说快乐的人能长寿。 Its reported that a man saved the child.据报道说,一个男人救了这个孩子。注意“It +be +v.-ed that”句型中v.-ed 为suggested, advised, proposed(建议); ordered， commanded(命令) ; demanded ,r
4、equested, insisted(要求)时，that从句中的谓语动词为(should) +动词原形/be done。(5)It +be+n.( a pity/ shame/fact/ good news .) that.很的是/.eg.Its a pity that many wild animals are now in danger.很遗憾,许多野生动物现在处于危险之中。Its a shame that she cant understand English.她听不懂英语,真是遗憾。 (6 ) It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间。 e
5、g.It takes a long time to make dumplings.包饺子要花很长时间。 It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.每天做作业花费我两个小时的时间。2.It 作形式宾语的句型sb.+ find/believe/ feel/consider/think/ make + it + adj./n.to do/that.某人做某事是的。eg.We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.我们认为每天清洁教室是我们的责任。 They found it ha
6、rd to finish their work in two weeks.他们发现很难在两周内完成工作。 3.It引导的时间句型(1) It is/has been+时间段+since 引导的时间状语从句,从以来已多久了”,since后一般用一般过去时。 eg.It has been three years since I left school.我离开学校已经三年了。 It has been eight days since I arrived in Beijing.我到北京已经八天了。 It has been five years since they got married.他们已经结婚
7、5年了。 (2)It was + 时间段+ before引导的时间状语从句,“过了多久才;It will(not) be +时间段+ before.“要过多久才;不久就eg.It was three weeks before I could ride my bike again.过了三个星期我才又能骑自行车了。 It will be two weeks before we have the sports meeting.离我们开运动会还有两个星期。 It was just five days before the book was published.五天后这本书就出版了。 注意该句型中,主向
8、谓语动词 be若为肯定式,意为“过多久才”;若为否定式,意为“没过多久就(3)It+be+时间点+ when引导的时间状语从句eg.It will be Tuesday when he comes back.他将在星期二回来。It was at six oclock when we arrived at the small mountain village.6点钟我们到达了那个小山村。(4) Its time.句型It is time +( that ) sb.should do sth.是某人应该做某事的时间了。eg.Its time that I should change myself.
9、是我改变自己的时候了。 Its time that we should go to bed.该到上床睡觉的时间了。 Its time that you should do cleaning.你该去打扫卫生了。It is time ( for sb.) to do sth.到(某人) 做某事的时间了。eg.They have a quick dinner, and then its time to do home-work.他们很快吃完晚饭,然后就该做作业了。It is time for sth.到做某事的时间了。 eg.It is time for dinner.Lets go home no
10、w.吃晚饭的时间到了。现在让我们回家吧。 Boys and girls, its time for class.同学们,该上课了。(5 ) .It be the first ( second, third.) time + that sb.has/have done sth.“这是某人第一(二、三)次做。 eg.It is the third time that he has won the competition.这是他第三次赢得比赛。 It was the first time that she had been away from her family.这是她第一次离开家人。It is
11、the second time that Mr.Smith has visited China.这是史密斯先生第二次来中国旅游。 注意“It + be + the first( second , third.) time.句型中的谓语是is时，从句谓语用现在完成时;主句中的谓语为was,从句谓语用过去完成时。4.It引导的强调句It is/was+被强调部分+that / who.eg.It was my teacher who helped me overcome all kinds of dif-ficulties.是我的老师帮助我克服了各种困难。 5.It 引导的其他句型(1 ) .It
12、 looks/appears as if.看来好像 eg.It appears as if everybody is paying attention to the flood.看起来好像所有人都在关注这场洪水。 (2)It seems that/ as if.看来好像eg.It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.好像全世界有很多人都喝中国茶。(3) It turns out that.原来是eg.It turns out that eating vegetables is good for our heal
13、th.事实证明,吃蔬菜对我们的健康有好处。 (4)It occurs to/strikes sb.that.突然想到eg.It occurred to me that I knew the way.我突然想起我认识路。(5) It happens that.碰巧eg.It happens that Lucy is good at drawing and dancing.碰巧露西擅长画画和跳舞。(6) It doesnt matter whether/if.无论是否没关系eg.As long as you try your best, it doesnt matter whether you w
14、in or not.只要你尽力了,输赢无关紧要。 (7) .( It is) no wonder that.难怪 eg.No wonder the place is empty!怪不得这个地方都没人! (8)It all depends that.视情况而定eg.You can work in small or large groups: it all depends on your own choice.你可以以小组或大组形式工作:这取决于你的个人选择。(9) Its up to sb.to do sth.由某人决定做某事eg.Its up to you to decide.这由你来决定。I
15、ts up to him to decide whether to go or to stay.是去是留该由他决定。 二、There be 句型“There is/are+某物/某人+某地/某时”结构表示“某地或某时有某物或某人”。句子中的 be(is/are)和后面所跟的名词在数上保持一致。1.There be 句型的时态There be句型的时态由其中的谓语动词be来体现,它可以有多种时态。2.There be 句型的否定式There be 句型的否定式:There be + not.若谓语中含有助动词或情态动词,通常将否定词置于助动词与情态动词之后。eg.There isnt enoug
16、h clean water in this poor area.这个贫困地区没有足够的干净的水。There havent been any parties in weeks.好几个礼拜没开过派对了。 There couldnt be so many mistakes if you did your home-work carefully.如果你认真做作业,就不会有这么多错误。 3.There be 句型的一般疑问句及其答语Is/Are there +主语+其他? 答语:Yes, there is/ are.No, there isnt/ arent.eg.Is there any meat i
17、n the tomato and egg soup?西红柿鸡蛋汤里有肉吗?Yes, there is./No, there isnt.是的,有。/不,没有。4.There be 句型的特殊疑问句There be的特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词+be + there +其他?eg.-How many students are there in Jennys school?珍妮的学校有多少学生?-There are 1,000.有一千人。 5.There be句型的“就近原则”There be 句型中有两个以上并列主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语的单复数保持一致。eg.There is a pen an
18、d two books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。 There are two books and a pen on the desk.课桌上有两本书和一支钢笔。 6.There be +名词+现在分词使用现在分词表示动作正在进行;有时现在分词不表示动作正在进行，而表示一种状态。eg.There is someone waiting for you.Please hurry up.有人在等你。请快点。 Theres a piano standing against the wall.有一架钢琴,靠着墙。 Therere a lot of difficulties facing us, but we never give up.我们面前有很多困难,但我们从不放弃。 5