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1、www.XiYuS锡育软件So when I was eight years old,a new girl came to join theclass,and she was so impressive,as the new girl always seemsto be.我八岁的时候,班里新来了个女生,她如此引人注目,就像所有新来的女孩那样。00:13She had vast quantities of very shiny hair and a cute littlepencil case,super strong on state capitals,just a greatspeller.
2、她有一大把光泽的秀发 一个可爱的小文具盒 特别擅长记周分首都名字 在拼写上无人能比00:23And I just curdled with jealousy that year,until I hatched mydevious plan.那一年我整个人被嫉妒笼罩 直到我想出那个邪恶的计划00:34So one day I stayed a little late after school,a little too late,and I lurked in the girls bathroom.有一天我放学后又逗留了一会儿 其实留到挺晚的,我一直潜伏在女卫生间00:43When the coa
3、st was clear,I emerged,crept into theclassroom,and took from my teachers desk the grade book.等时机一到,我就出动了 潜入教室 从老师桌子上拿了分数册00:51And then I did it.然后我的阴谋得逞了00:59I fiddled with my rivals grades,just a little,just demotedsome of those As.我篡改了我对手的分数 只改了一点,就是把某些A等降级了01:01quantities:n.数量,工程量;音符长度(quantity的复
4、数)shiny:adj.有光泽的,擦亮的;闪耀的;晴朗的;磨损的 speller:n.拼字的人;拼字课本 curdled:n.颤栗时刻(电影名)jealousy:n.嫉妒;猜忌;戒备 hatched:adj.阴影线的/v.孵化;策划(hatch的过去分词形式)devious:adj.偏僻的;弯曲的;不光明正大的 lurked:vi.潜伏;潜藏;埋伏/n.潜伏;埋伏 crept:v.匍匐爬行(creep的过去式)fiddled:n.小提琴/vi.瞎搞;拉小提琴/vt.虚度时光;拉小提琴 demoted:vt.使降级;使降职All of those As.(Laughter)And I got r
5、eady to return thebook to the drawer,when hang on,some of my otherclassmates had appallingly good grades too.好吧,其实是所有的A（笑声）当我准备把册子放回抽屉时 不过等等！其他有些同学的分数 也高得令人发指！01:07So,in a frenzy,I corrected everybodys marks,notimaginatively.于是,由于一时的疯狂错乱 我改了所有人的分数 但方式并没什么创造性01:20I gave everybody a row of Ds and I ga
6、ve myself a row of As,just because I was there,you know,might as well.我给了所有人一行的D等分 然后给自己一行A 因为我已经在这了,倒不如做得彻底些01:26And I am still baffled by my behavior.我现在还难以理解我的行为01:34I dont understand where the idea came from.我不理解这主意是从哪儿冒出来的01:40I dont understand why I felt so great doing it.我不懂为什么这样做时居然很爽01:42I
7、felt great.我当时感觉棒极了01:45I dont understand why I was never caught.我也不明白为啥我从未被发现01:47I mean,it should have been so blatantly obvious.我是说,这件事做得如此明显01:50I was never caught.我居然没被发现！01:51But most of all,I am baffled by,why did it bother me somuch that this little girl,this tiny little girl,was so good ats
8、pelling?我居然没被发现！这个女孩,这个身材瘦小的小女孩 那么擅长于拼写？这点一直让我困惑01:52hang on:坚持下去;不挂断;握住不放 appallingly:adv.令人毛骨悚然地;骇人听闻地 frenzy:n.狂暴;狂怒;暴怒/vt.使发狂;使狂怒 corrected:adj.修正的;校正的;折算的/v.纠正;改正(correct的过去分词);制止 imaginatively:adv.想象上地 might aswell:不妨,何妨;还是的好 baffled:adj.带有挡板的/v.阻碍;使迷惑(baffle的过去式)blatantly:adv.公然地;喧闹地;看穿了地Jeal
9、ousy baffles me.嫉妒让我困惑02:00Its so mysterious,and its so pervasive.它如此神秘,无处不在02:02We know babies suffer from jealousy.我们知道婴儿们受嫉妒之苦02:05We know primates do.Bluebirds are actually very prone.也知道灵长类动物会嫉妒,蓝知更鸟极易嫉妒02:08We know that jealousy is the number one cause of spousalmurder in the United States.我们知
10、道嫉妒是美国配偶谋杀的 罪魁祸首02:11And yet,I have never read a study that can parse to me itsloneliness or its longevity or its grim thrill.但我却从未读到一篇研究 能够解释“嫉妒”的寂寞 它的长久存在,或它的残酷刺激02:18For that,we have to go to fiction,because the novel is the lab为了理解它,我们不得不看小说 因为小说是一个实验室 能研究“嫉妒”的 所有可能的形态02:29TED演讲者：Parul Sehgal|帕鲁
11、尔.塞加尔演讲标题：An ode to envy|嫉妒的颂歌内容概要：What is jealousy?What drives it,and why do we secretly love it?No study has everbeen able to capture its“loneliness,longevity,grim thrill”-that is,says Parul Sehgal,exceptfor fiction.In an eloquent meditation she scours pages from literature to show how jealousy is
12、not so different from a quest for knowledge.什么是嫉妒?是什么驱使了它?为何我们秘密地爱着它?帕鲁尔.塞加尔说，还未有任何研究捕获了嫉妒的“寂寞，长久，冷酷的刺激”，除了小说。在她雄辩而发人深省的演讲中，塞加尔从文学作品中搜寻出些许片段，来说明嫉妒与对知识的追寻或有共同之处。For that,we have to go to fiction,because the novel is the labthat has studied jealousy in every possible configuration.验室 能研究“嫉妒”的 所有可能的形态0
13、2:29In fact,I dont know if its an exaggeration to say that if wedidnt have jealousy,would we even have literature?其实,我不知道这样说是不是夸张:如果我们没有嫉妒 我们会有文学吗？02:37baffles:n.机电子挡板(baffle的复数形式);困惑;转盘/v.阻碍;使困惑(baffle的第三人称单数形式)pervasive:adj.普遍的;到处渗透的;流行的 suffer from:忍受,遭受;患病;受之苦 primates:n.灵长类 Bluebirds:n.蓝知更鸟(产于北
14、美)prone:adj.俯卧的；有倾向的，易于的/spousal:n.婚礼;结婚仪式/adj.结婚的 parse:vt.解析;从语法上分析/vi.理解;从语法上分析/n.从语法上分析;分列 longevity:n.长寿，长命；寿命 grim:adj.冷酷的;糟糕的;残忍的 configuration:n.配置;结构;外形exaggeration:n.夸张;夸大之词;夸张的手法Well no faithless Helen,no Odyssey.如果没有不忠的海伦,就没有奥德赛02:45No jealous king,no Arabian Nights.没有心怀妒忌的国王,就没有一千零一夜02:
15、49No Shakespeare.也不会有莎士比亚02:52There goes high school reading lists,because were losingSound and the Fury,我们高中都有阅读书单 因为我们正在失去喧嚣与骚动02:55were losing Gatsby,Sun Also Rises,正在失去了不起的盖茨比太阳照常升起02:59were losing Madame Bovary,Anna K.正在失去包法利夫人安娜卡列琳娜03:01No jealousy,no Proust.And now,I mean,I know itsfashionabl
16、e to say that Proust has the answers to everything,but in the case of jealousy,he kind of does.没有嫉妒,就没有普鲁斯特。现在我是说 我知道人们总爱说 普鲁斯特什么都知道 但说到嫉妒这件事他确实比较懂03:05This year is the centennial of his masterpiece,In Search ofLost Time,今年是他的巨著追忆似水年华一百周年03:16and its the most exhaustive study of sexual jealousy and
17、justregular competitiveness,my brand,that we can hope to have.(Laughter)这部作品是对性嫉妒最透彻的研究 还包括我们可以想到的常见的竞争性 也就是我在行的那种（笑声）03:20And we think about Proust,we think about the sentimentalbits,right?当我们想到普鲁斯特 我们会想到那些情感细节对吧？03:29faithless:adj.不忠实的;无信的;无宗教信仰的 Odyssey:n.奥德赛(古希腊史诗)Fury:n.狂怒；暴怒；激怒者 centennial:adj
18、.一百年的/n.百年纪念 masterpiece:n.杰作;绝无仅有的人 In Search of:寻找;搜寻 exhaustive:adj.详尽的;彻底的;消耗的 sentimental:adj.伤感的;多愁善感的;感情用事的;寓有情感的We think about a little boy trying to get to sleep.我们想到一个小男孩正要入梦03:33We think about a madeleine moistened in lavender tea.想到一块玛德琳蛋糕泡在薰衣草茶中03:35We forget how harsh his vision was.我们
19、却忘了他的眼光多么犀利03:39We forget how pitiless he is.他多么冷酷无情03:41I mean,these are books that Virginia Woolf said were toughas cat gut.这些书在弗吉尼亚伍尔夫看来 跟猫的肠子一样硬03:43I dont know what cat gut is,but lets assume its formidable.我不知道猫肠是什么 不过我们就假设它坚如顽石吧03:48Lets look at why they go so well together,the novel andjealo
20、usy,jealousy and Proust.我们来看看这些因素为何走在一起会如此合拍。小说和嫉妒,嫉妒和普鲁斯特03:53Is it something as obvious as that jealousy,which boils downinto person,desire,impediment,is such a solid narrativefoundation?妒忌归结到人,欲望,阻碍 成为一个如此牢固的叙事基础 是不是非常明显？04:00I dont know.I think it cuts very close to the bone,becauselets think ab
21、out what happens when we feel jealous.我不知道。我认为它极大地触动我们的敏感神经因为只需想想当我们嫉妒时 会发生什么04:11madeleine:n.马德琳(女子名,等于Madelin);玛德琳蛋糕 moistened:adj.弄湿的/v.弄湿(moisten的过去分词)lavender:n.薰衣草;淡紫色/adj.淡紫色的/vt.用熏衣草熏 harsh:adj.严厉的；严酷的；刺耳的；粗糙的；刺目的/pitiless:adj.冷酷的,无情的;无同情心的 gut:n.内脏;肠子;剧情;胆量;海峡;勇气;直觉;肠/vt.取出内脏;摧毁(建筑物等)的内部/ad
22、j.简单的;本质的,根本的;本能的,直觉的 formidable:adj.强大的；可怕的；令人敬畏的；艰难的 boils:n.生疖,疮(boil复数)impediment:n.口吃;妨碍;阻止 narrative:n.叙述;故事;讲述/adj.叙事的,叙述的;叙事体的When we feel jealous,we tell ourselves a story.当我们感到嫉妒时,我们会给自己编个故事04:17We tell ourselves a story about other peoples lives,and thesestories make us feel terrible beca
23、use theyre designed tomake us feel terrible.讲述一个关于他人生活的故事 这些故事让我们感觉很糟糕 因为它们本来就是为了让我们难受的04:21As the teller of the tale and the audience,we know just whatdetails to include,to dig that knife in.Right?我们自己作为故事的讲者与观众 明确知道要加入哪些细节 从哪插入致命一刀。对吗？04:31Jealousy makes us all amateur novelists,and this issomethi
24、ng Proust understood.嫉妒让我们都成为业余小说家 而这一点普鲁斯特能明白04:39In the first volume,Swanns Way,the series of books,Swann,one of the main characters,is thinking very fondly of hismistress and how great she is in bed,and suddenly,in thecourse of a few sentences,and these are Proustian sentences,在第一卷,去斯万家那边 这是一系列作品
25、中的一部 斯万是主要人物之一 正思念他的情人 想着她在床上多棒 突然,在几句话中间 还有,这些都是普鲁斯特式的句子 所以它们长得像河 但是就在这几句中间 斯万猛然一惊,他意识到“等等,这个女人course of a few sentences,and these are Proustian sentences,so theyre long as rivers,but in the course of a fewsentences,he suddenly recoils and he realizes,Hang on,everything I love about this woman,some
26、body else wouldlove about this woman.句中间 斯万猛然一惊,他意识到“等等,这个女人身上我爱的一切 也会是别人可能爱上她的理由04:44teller:n.(美)出纳员;讲述者;讲故事者;计票员 amateur:n.爱好者;业余爱好者;外行/adj.业余的;外行的 novelists:n.小说家(novelist的复数)fondly:adv.天真地;怜爱地;温柔地 mistress:n.情妇；女主人；主妇；女教师；女能人 in the course of:在过程中;在期间 recoils:vi.畏缩;弹回;报应/n.畏缩;弹回;反作用www.XiYuS锡育软件
27、Everything that she does that gives me pleasure could begiving somebody else pleasure,maybe right about now.所有她所做的令我快乐的事 也会给别人快乐 或许这会儿就在发生呢。”05:14And this is the story he starts to tell himself,and from thenon,Proust writes that every fresh charm Swann detects in hismistress,he adds to his collectio
28、n of instruments in hisprivate torture chamber.这就是他开始给自己编织的故事 然后,普鲁斯特写道 斯万每发现他情人的一种新魅力 就加进他“性虐密室中的 一系列工具”中05:21Now Swann and Proust,we have to admit,were notoriouslyjealous.现在我们不得不承认,斯万和普鲁斯特 两人的嫉妒心臭名昭著05:35You know,Prousts boyfriends would have to leave thecountry if they wanted to break up with him
29、.知道吗,普鲁斯特的男朋友们若要跟他分手 就不得不逃离这个国家05:39But you dont have to be that jealous to concede that itshard work.Right?但是你不需要那么嫉妒 才会承认嫉妒的确不容易,对吧？05:43Jealousy is exhausting.嫉妒让人身心俱疲05:49Its a hungry emotion.It must be fed.它是一种饥渴的情感,必须得到满足05:51And what does jealousy like?嫉妒喜欢什么呢？05:54Jealousy likes information.
30、嫉妒喜欢信息05:56Jealousy likes details.喜欢细节05:59Jealousy likes the vast quantities of shiny hair,the cute littlepencil case.喜欢一大把光泽的秀发 可爱的文具盒06:02from then on:从那时起 detects:发现 chamber:n.(身体或器官内的)室,膛;房间;会所/adj.室内的;私人的,秘密的/vt.把关在室内;装填(弹药等)notoriously:adv.众所周知地;声名狼藉地;恶名昭彰地 concede:vt.承认;退让;给予,容许/vi.让步Jealous
31、y likes photos.嫉妒喜欢照片06:07Thats why Instagram is such a hit.(Laughter)Proust actuallylinks the language of scholarship and jealousy.这也是Instagram这么火的原因（笑声）普鲁斯特其实将学术语言与嫉妒的语言相联06:09When Swann is in his jealous throes,and suddenly heslistening at doorways and bribing his mistress servants,hedefends thes
32、e behaviors.当斯万挣扎在他的嫉妒中 突然他就开始站在门口偷听 开始贿赂他情人的佣人 他为这些行为辩护06:16He says,You know,look,I know you think this is repugnant,but it is no different from interpreting an ancient text orlooking at a monument.他为这些行为辩护 但这与诠释一篇古文 或看着一座纪念碑 没什么两样。”06:24He says,They are scientific investigations with realintellect
33、ual value.他说:“这些是科学的调查,有真正的知识价值。”06:33Proust is trying to show us that jealousy feels intolerable andmakes us look absurd,but it is,at its crux,a quest forknowledge,a quest for truth,painful truth,and actually,where Proust is concerned,the more painful the truth,thebetter.普鲁斯特试图告诉我们 嫉妒让人难以忍受,让我们看起来荒
34、谬 但在其关键之处,是一种对知识的追求对令人痛心的真理的追求 事实上,就普鲁斯特而言真理越令人痛苦越好06:38throes:n.剧痛;痛苦的挣扎(throe的复数)/v.苦苦挣扎;使受痛苦(throe的第三人称单数)doorways:n.门廊;正门(doorway的复数形式)bribing:vt.贿赂,收买/vi.行贿/n.贿赂 servants:n.仆人;服务员(servant的复数)defends:vt.辩护;防护/vi.保卫;防守 repugnant:adj.讨厌的;矛盾的;敌对的 interpreting:n.解释;口译/v.解释;语计翻译(interpret的现在分词)invest
35、igations:n.调查(investigation的复数)intolerable:adj.无法忍受的;难耐的 crux:n.关键;难题;十字架形,坩埚Grief,humiliation,loss:These were the avenues to wisdomfor Proust.悲伤,耻辱,丧失:这些都是通往普林斯特智慧的路06:56He says,A woman whom we need,who makes us suffer,elicits from us a gamut of feelings far more profound andvital than a man of gen
36、ius who interests us.他说:“一个我们需要的女人,一个让我们痛苦的女人 引发了我们全部的情感 远比一个让我们感兴趣的天才所能有的 更加深刻和致命。”07:04Is he telling us to just go and find cruel women?他是在告诉我们去找残忍的女人吗？07:18No.I think hes trying to say that jealousy reveals us toourselves.不。我想他是说 嫉妒让我们看清自己07:21And does any other emotion crack us open in this part
37、icularway?有没有其他情感也能以这种特别的方式 让我们发掘自己？07:27Does any other emotion reveal to us our aggression and ourhideous ambition and our entitlement?其他情感会不会让我们看到 自己的敌意,自己丑恶的企图心 和自己所应得的？07:32Does any other emotion teach us to look with such peculiar其他情感能不能教会我们 如此独特而透彻地看待世界？07:40Does any other emotion teach us to
38、look with such peculiarintensity?世界？07:40Freud would write about this later.弗洛伊德不久后就写道这一点07:46One day,Freud was visited by this very anxious young manwho was consumed with the thought of his wife cheating onhim.有一天,一位心神不宁的青年拜访弗洛伊德 这个青年认为他妻子背叛了他 并因此心力憔悴07:48humiliation:n.丢脸,耻辱;蒙羞;谦卑 avenues:n.建林荫道,公路
39、大街 elicits:引出 gamut:n.全音阶;全音域;整个范围hideous:adj.可怕的;丑恶的 entitlement:n.权利;津贴 peculiar:adj.特殊的；独特的；奇怪的；罕见的/n.特权；特有财产And Freud says,its something strange about this guy,because hes not looking at what his wife is doing.弗洛伊德觉得这个家伙有点诡异 因为他并没有真正关注他妻子做了什么07:55Because shes blameless;everybody knows it.因为他妻子是清
40、白的,大家都知道07:59The poor creature is just under suspicion for no cause.这个可怜的家伙只是 这个可怜的家伙只是08:01But hes looking for things that his wife is doing withoutnoticing,unintentional behaviors.但他却在寻找他妻子的一些 无意识的、纯属无意的举动08:04Is she smiling too brightly here,or did she accidentallybrush up against a man there?她是不
41、是笑得太灿烂了 或者,她真是无意中碰到了那个男人吗？08:10Freud says that the man is becoming the custodian of hiswifes unconscious.弗洛伊德说这个男人正在变成 他妻子无意识行为的看守人08:15The novel is very good on this point.小说关于这点写得很好08:22The novel is very good at describing how jealousy trains usto look with intensity but not accuracy.该小说很善于描述嫉妒是如何
42、训练我们 极端地看问题,却不是准确性08:24In fact,the more intensely jealous we are,the more webecome residents of fantasy.其实,我们的嫉妒越强烈 我们会越频繁地幻想08:31unintentional:adj.非故意的;无意识的 brightly:adv.明亮地;鲜明地;生辉地 brush up:复习;提高;擦光 custodian:n.管理人;监护人;保管人 unconscious:adj.无意识的;失去知觉的;不省人事的;未发觉的 describing:v.描述;表示(describe的ing形式)/ad
43、j.描述的 intensely:adv.强烈地;紧张地;热情地 residents:n.居民;住院医生(resident的复数);房客And this is why,I think,jealousy doesnt just provoke us todo violent things or illegal things.所以我认为嫉妒不仅仅 引诱我们去做暴力的事 或非法的事08:38Jealousy prompts us to behave in ways that are wildlyinventive.嫉妒会促使我们的行为 变得异常极端08:45Now Im thinking of mys
44、elf at eight,I concede,but Im alsothinking of this story I heard on the news.我承认我想到了八岁时候的自己 但我也想到了在新闻上看到的一个故事08:50A 52-year-old Michigan woman was caught creating a fakeFacebook account from which she sent vile,hideousmessages to herself for a year.密歇根一个52岁的妇女被发现 注册一个虚假Facebook账户 并用该账户对自己发送了 一年的恶意消息
45、08:56For a year.A year.一年。整整一年。09:11And she was trying to frame her ex-boyfriends newgirlfriend,and I have to confess when I heard this,她还试图陷害 她前男友的现任女友 我必须承认当我听到这时09:13I just reacted with admiration.我的反应是对她钦佩09:21(Laughter)Because,I mean,lets be real.（笑声）因为,我想说,大家面对现实吧09:23What immense,if misplaced
46、,creativity.Right?多么有创造力啊！只不过用错了地方,不是么？09:27This is something from a novel.这事来源于小说09:31provoke:vt.驱使;激怒;煽动;惹起 prompts:n.计提示;提示性语言(prompt的复数形式)wildly:adv.野生地;野蛮地;狂暴地;鲁莽地 inventive:adj.发明的;有发明才能的;独出心裁的 vile:adj.卑鄙的;邪恶的;低廉的;肮脏的 confess:vt.承认；坦白；忏悔；供认/vi.承认；坦白；忏悔；供认 immense:adj.巨大的，广大的；无边无际的；非常好的 mispla
47、ced:adj.错位的;寄托错的/v.错放(misplace的过去式)This is something from a Patricia Highsmith novel.一部派翠西亚海史密斯的小说09:34Now Highsmith is a particular favorite of mine.海史密斯是我特别喜爱的作家09:37She is the very brilliant and bizarre woman of Americanletters.她是美国文学史上非常杰出而又奇诡的一位09:39Shes the author of Strangers on a Train她是火车怪客
48、和09:43and The Talented Mr.Ripley,天才里普利先生的作者09:45books that are all about how jealousy,it muddles our minds,and once were in the sphere,in that realm of jealousy,themembrane between what is and what could be can bepierced in an instant.这些书都是关于嫉妒如何 让我们思维混乱 而且一旦我们进入了嫉妒的领域 真实性和可能性之间的薄膜 瞬间就被刺穿09:47Take T
49、om Ripley,her most famous character.例如汤姆里普利,她作品里最著名的人物10:04Now,Tom Ripley goes from wanting you or wanting whatyou have to being you and having what you once had,andyoure under the floorboards,hes answering to your name,hes wearing your rings,emptying your bank account.里普利一开始想要你 或想要你所拥有的 然后又想成为你,并拥有
50、你曾经拥有的 你被关在地下室 他应答着你的名字 戴着你的戒指 花光你的银行账户10:06Thats one way to go.这是一条路10:21bizarre:adj.奇异的(指态度，容貌，款式等)muddles:vt.混合;使咬字不清晰;使微醉/n.糊涂;困惑;混浊状态/vi.胡乱思考;糊里糊涂地行事 membrane:n.膜;薄膜;羊皮纸 pierced:v.穿通,刺过(pierce的过去分词形式)/adj.穿通的 in an instant:瞬间;马上 floorboards:n.建地板(floorboard的复数形式);车底板/v.将汽车油门踏到底(floorboard的第三人称单