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1、这是葡萄牙你从未见过的美丽国家This is Portugal, as its never been seen before.我们将从高空视角展现欧洲大♥陆♥西部边陲地带的面纱From above, well reveal continental Europes western frontier, 古老的传统与现代文明相互碰撞where ancient traditions collide with the modern world造就了这里极具反差和惊奇的景观to create a landscape of contrasts and surprises.在这一系
2、列中我们将进行一场横跨欧洲的空中之旅In this series, well take an aerial tour across Europe, 以全新的视角欣赏这里的风景seeing its sights from a brand-new perspective.航拍历时整整一年Filmed from above over the course of a single year,景观更迭四季交替as the landscape transforms through the changing seasons, 我们将会探索塑造了我们今日所见的we will uncover the cultu
3、re,伟大欧洲国家的history, and engineering文化历史和工程设计that built the great European nations we see today.葡萄牙是欧洲大♥陆♥最西端的国家Portugal is mainland Europes westernmost country.它东面与西班牙接壤西面毗邻汹涌的大西洋It borders Spain to the east and the fierce Atlantic Ocean to the west. 这片土地极具反差性Its a land of contrasts.干燥的
4、南部是度假天堂The dry south is a paradise for tourists游客可以沐浴在阿尔加维阳光普照的沙滩上who soak up the sun-drenched beaches of the Algarve.再往内陆是连绵不绝的山丘和田园草地Further inland, the rolling hills and pastoral grasslands拥有得天独厚的大♥陆&hearts：性气候are blessed with a continental climate.Its late summer, 弗朗西斯科选了这些 九十岁的老树作为今年的收成
5、and Francisco has selected these 90-year-old trees for this years harvest. 采集软木需要特别精准Harvesting the cork requires incredible precision.只要过程操作正确就不会损害树When done correctly, this process does not harm the tree.提取软木需要两个人共同完成Cork extraction is made by two people.通常上阵的都是父子两人Normally, its father and son, 父亲
6、会将他的经验传授给下一代 and they pass their expertise from one generation to the other. 工人们使用一种特殊设计的 半月形斧子切开树皮The workers use a specially designed half-moon axe to slice into the bark, 他们小心谨慎不会损害里面的主树干being careful not to harm the main trunk of the tree inside.接着他们撬开软木的外层They then lever the outer layer of cork
7、 off.这块木板越大价值就越高The bigger the plank, the more it is worth, 所以他们会尽量保持软木的完整性so they keep as much as possible in one piece.最后他们将新收获的木材运去加工Finally, they ship the freshly harvested wood for processing.这里是葡萄牙软木生产商 阿莫林软木集团的加工地Here at Corticeira Amorims processing yard, 他们从全国各地采集软木橡树they collect cork oak f
8、rom all over the country.葡萄牙是世界上最大的软木塞产地Portugal is the worlds largest producer of cork.如果你家里有软木塞If you have any in your home, 大半是由这个工厂加工而成 theres a good chance it was processed here, in this factory. 对这个公♥司♥的林业首席执行官保罗亚美利哥噢利伟拉来说For the companys forestry CEO, Paulo Americo De Oliveira,可
9、谓重担在肩thats a huge responsibility.世界上有百分之三十到四十的软木在这里加工生产We process between 30 and 40% of the world cork production.保罗亚美利哥噢利伟拉软木塞加工商软木是葡萄牙唯一一个Cork as a business is the only business where the country Portugal可以称得上是世界领导者的行业can claim to be world leader.工人们把成堆的软木露天放置用一年的时间晾干The workers dry the piles of c
10、orkin the open air for around a year.晾干后When its ready,他们对这些木材进行分类清理有损坏或腐烂的木头they sort through the piles to remove any damaged or rotten wood.接着他们将木材放在巨大的水箱中煮沸进行消毒Then they cook the planks in vast tanks of boiling water to sterilize them.煮过的软木就可以变成各种产品The boiled cork is then turned into everything,从
11、瓶塞到地板覆盖层from bottle stoppers to floor coverings.甚至可以应用于宇宙飞船Its even used in spacecraft.我们从六十年代初就是美国国家航♥空♥航♥天♥局的供应商We are NASAs suppliers since the early 60s.你可以在航♥空♥航♥天♥交通运输和震动控制领域中找到软木 的身影You can find cork in aerospace, in transportation, in v
12、ibration control.我们可以这样形容软木这种材料Cork is one of the materials where we can use the expression that,“不起眼却是真正的物尽其用Nothing, nothing is lost. Everything is used.最重要的是采集软木不会损伤树木Best of all,because it is harvested without harming the tree,软木产业是真正的可持续产业cork is a fully sustainable industry,同时大♥片&hearts
13、;的森林还提供了世界一流的生物多样性and the forests support world-beating levels of biodiversity.葡萄牙约百分之八的国土为栓木林With around 8% of the entire national territory dedicated to cork forests, 在未来几十年里葡萄牙将继续为世界各地Portugal looks set to keep supplying the world供应这种多用途的神奇材料with this versatile wonder material for decades to come
14、.葡萄牙的软木塞生产商Portugals cork producers work hand-in-hand与其著名的葡萄酒产业携手合作with its famous wine industry.葡萄牙的葡萄酒每年生产约超六亿升The country produces over 650 million liters every year,包括葡萄牙独产的一种酒including a type of wine thats uniquely Portuguese.葡萄牙有十四个主要的葡萄酒产地There are 14 major wine-producing regions across Portu
15、gal.从上方看有一个地方十分显眼From above, one stands out.那就是北部的杜罗地区The Douro region in the north of the country.杜罗地区看上去不是规则的几何状Instead of geometric fields, the Douro region is filled而是奇形怪状环环相扣的圆圈和漩涡图形with strange interlocking patterns of loops and swirls,如同按在地貌景观上的指纹like a fingerprint pressed on to the landscape
16、.靠近拍你会发现这些漩涡其实是陡峭的梯田Swooping lower reveals the swirls are actually steep terraces依附在几近垂直的山谷两侧that cling to the sides of near-vertical valleys,沿着下方河流的走向and follow the path of the river below.这片极为陡峭的农田This impossibly steep-looking farmland是葡萄牙最出名的波特酒的产地之一is the home of one of Portugafs most famous exp
17、orts, port wine.大卫吉马朗埃斯是第六代葡萄酒酿造师David Guimaraens is a sixth-generation Portuguese winemaker.他在这片地区管理着几家酒庄He oversees several wineries in the region,其中包括罗曼尼拉酒庄including the Quinta da Roeda vineyard.我的家族经商起家My family started as merchants,但后来我们变成了农民同时也是葡萄酒酿造师but we have evolved to become farmers and w
18、inemakers as well.大卫吉马朗埃斯首席酿酒师随着夏日的褪去As summer draws to a close,丰盈的葡萄沉甸甸地坠在藤上and the plump grapes droop heavy on the vine,此时正值杜罗河谷的丰收季its harvest time in the Douro Valley.但这里的酿造师却面临着一个But winemakers here face a unique problem大众市场葡萄园无需考虑的问题that most mass market vineyards dont have.杜罗河谷陡峭的梯田让拖拉机无处施展Th
19、e Douro Valleys steep-sided terraces leave no space for tractors, 因此所有的葡萄必须亲手采摘so all the grapes must be gathered by hand.大卫这一小队人无法一次性摘完整片葡萄园的葡萄Davids small team can*t pick an entire vineyard of grapes all at once.因此丰收季变成了一场与时间和优先级赛跑的游戏So the harvest is a delicate game of timing and priorities由大卫亲自策
20、划masterminded by David himself.每天大卫都要检查藤蔓Every day, David inspects the vines,然后决定明天采摘的地点and decides where to send his team on the following day.如果他错过了成熟的葡萄藤他们的葡萄很快就会腐烂If he overlooks ripe vines, their grapes can quickly spoil.所以这里做的决定都不是一时兴起So nothing here is decided on a whim.我们品尝这里的葡萄We taste the
21、grapes,并观察了它们的生长we look at how the bunches are developing,用手指捻♥一捻♥果实看看里面的成色we undo the berries within our fingers to see what the color development is, 然后再挑时间开始采摘and then, as a result, we will choose the day that we start picking.今天天气晴朗Today has been a good day.经过数小时的辛苦劳作After hours of
22、 back-breaking work,采摘工已经收获了340公斤完全成熟的葡萄the pickers have harvested 340 kilograms of perfectly ripe grapes.一条又条藤一箱又一箱果Vine by vine, crate by crate,大卫和他的团队把这些累累硕果带回了家David and his team bring this delicate harvest home.波特酒世界闻名Port wine is recognized around the world.所以把葡萄牙这一小块地方传播到世界各地So taking this sm
23、all part of Portugal to the rest of the world是十分让人自豪的事情is something that we take tremendous pride in.随着丰收的结束河谷空气中的凉意As the harvest comes to an end,a chill in the valley air酝酿着一场巨大的更替变换signals the beginning of an incredible transformation.从藤蔓上掉落的叶子The leaves on the vines start to turn,染红了半山腰painting
24、the hillsides red.在里斯本And in Lisbon,圣乔治城♥堡♥郁葱的树木不再浓密the lush trees of the Sao Jorge Castle lose their thick foliage,随着秋季的到来and the summer tourists begin their exodus大批夏日到访的游客开始离去with the arrival of autumn.秋季里斯本的古建筑可以像历史书一般研读Lisbons ancient buildings can be read like a history book.圣乔治城
25、♥堡♥独特的人行道The distinctive passageway of the Sao Jorge Castle展现了其十一世纪的摩尔式建筑风格reveal its 11th-century Moorish roots.卡尔莫修道院高高的拱门暗示着其哥特式的建筑风格The tall arches of the Carmo Convent hint at its Gothic-period construction, 而贝伦塔的摩洛哥和威尼斯风格And Belem Towers Moroccan and Venetian detailing将它与十六世纪的大发现
26、时代紧密相连ties it to the 16th-century Age of Discovery.但里斯本周围的山上有一座建筑But theres one building in the hills that surround Lisbon打破了所有常规that appears to break all the rules.城外30公里处Thirty kilometers outside the city,几个世纪以来辛特拉凉爽的山顶the cool hilltops of Sintra have been a place of residence一直是葡萄牙贵族居住的地方for Port
27、ugafs aristocracy for centuries.穿过云层我们可以发现一处奇异的景观Pushing through the clouds reveals something astonishing.那是一座如万花筒般绚丽的城♥堡♥在多彩的调色盘中熠熠生辉A kaleidoscopic castle that shines brightly in a pallette of vivid colors. 这就是佩娜宫This is Pena Palace.从上方看它如同童话般美好Seen from above, it appears like a fair
28、ytale dream.穹顶、尖顶和城垛Domes, spires and battlements,所有石块的颜色和历史风格混合搭配all clash in a maelstrom of block colors and historical styles.这座壮丽的建筑在宫殿总监安东尼奥努内斯佩雷拉的心中This spectacular building holds a special place in the heart有着独特的位置of palace director Antonio Nunes Pereira.他负责监督宫殿内的Itfs his job to oversee the v
29、ital restoration work重要修缮工作that takes place at the palace.在这里工作是我的荣幸ANTONIO (SPEAKING PORTUGUESE): It is a privilege to work here.我不知道电影制片厂要在特效上花费多少I dont know how much film studios spend on special effects to obtain 安东尼奥努内斯佩雷拉宫殿总监才能达到在佩娜宫原有景观的效果what we naturally have here at Pena.佩娜宫看起来是由不同的建筑师Pena
30、 Palace looks like the work of centuries在几世纪时间内不断重建和设计的杰作of rebuilds and redesigns by different architects.然而这个不拘一格的建筑是一次建造完成的But this eclectic mix of styles was built in one go,并且背后有一个故事and for a very good reason.1836年葡萄牙女王玛丽亚二世嫁给了德国王子费迪南德In 1836, Queen Maria II of Portugal married a German prince
31、named Ferdinand. 当时费迪南德需要赢得民心Ferdinand needed to win over his new subjects,所以他建造了佩娜宫书写了他对这个国家历史的情书so he built Pena Palace as a love letter to the history of his adopted country.通过航拍我们可以窥探到费迪南德的用意From above, the pieces of Ferdinands gesture become clear.新哥特式和新曼努埃尔风格的塔楼Neo-Gothic and neo-Manueline tow
32、ers与过去伟大的葡萄牙国王的城♥堡♥遥相呼应echo the castles of great Portuguese kings past, 而新伊♥斯♥兰♥风格的穹顶象征着几世纪来摩尔人的占领while neo-Islamic domes reflect centuries of Moorish occupation.墙上画着源于大发现时代的The walls are covered with neo-Indian and maritime motifs新印第安和海洋风格的图案from the Age of Discov
33、ery, 当时葡萄牙的探险家开辟了从欧洲到亚洲的第一条海上航线when Portuguese explorers sailed the first sea route from Europe to Asia.费迪南德想通过建造佩娜宫证明Pena was Ferdinands way of proving他对葡萄牙的历史做足了功课hed done his homework on Portuguese history, 并且对成为葡萄牙人♥民♥的领袖运筹帷幄and was ready to take his seat as a leader of its people.
34、这说到底是一个关于决定的故事ANTONIO (SPEAKING PORTUGUESE): This is, above all, a decision.一个年轻的国王到了一个新的国度The decision by a young king who arrives at a new country,他决定参与这个国家的大小事务and who decides to get involved with this country,它的问题历史和刻在骨子里的文化its issues, its history, its cultural DNA.费迪南德的豪言壮志Ferdinands grand stat
35、ement,证明了他对这个国家的热爱没有错付showing his love of this country, paid off.葡萄牙人将他铭记于心The Portuguese took him to their heart,皇室也对佩娜宫情有独钟and the royal family loved it, too.六十多年来这里一直是避暑胜地They used it as a summer residence for over 60 years.甚至是日复一日在这里工作的我们Even us, who work here every day, every day,只要我们停下来驻足观赏都会惊
36、叹于它的魅力if we stop and look around, we get surprised by all this magic.现在这里变成了一个博物馆Today, this unique site is a museum.多亏了安东尼奥和他团队的努力And thanks to the work of Antonio and his team,这个奇观得以延续我们的下一代也可以尽情欣赏its wonders remain preserved for the next generation to enjoy.葡萄牙悠久的历史已融为其景观的一部分PortugaFs long histor
37、y is built into its landscape.像埃武拉的罗马神庙这样的古遗迹Ancient ruins like the Roman temple at Evora,伊♥斯♥兰♥堡垒摩尔人城 ♥堡 ♥the Islamic fortress, the Castle of the Moors,基♥督♥教堡垒吉马良斯城♥堡♥and Christian stronghold the Castle of Guimaraes都显示这里是中世纪的宗教战场reveal
38、that this was a religious battleground in medieval times.但这里有一处古迹遗世独♥立♥But theres one historic ruin here that stands alone因为它的起源至今是一个谜because its origin remains a complete mystery.维塞尔小镇坐落于葡萄牙中北部In north central Portugal, 130 kilometers southeast of Porto,波尔图东南方向130公里处lies the town of V
39、iseu.仔细观察它的北部To its north,你会发现土地上有一个神秘的形状a closer look reveals a mysterious shape in the earth.38公顷的土地被一个巨大的规则直边八边形包围A giant octagon with regular straight sides that encloses 38 hectares of land. 这个八边形被称为卡瓦德维里亚多The octagon is known as the Cava de Viriato.这是一座七米高两公里长的人造山Its an artificial hill seven m
40、eters high and over two kilometers long.这些土质城墙是典型的古代碉堡Earthen ramparts are typical of ancient fortifications, 很多人认为这可能是罗马军事基地的遗址and many believe this to be the ruins of a Roman military base.但考古学家卡特琳娜特内有不同的理论But archaeologist Catarina Tente has a different theory.卡瓦的面♥积♥约为38或39公顷The Ca
41、vas size is around 38 or 39 hectares,卡特琳娜特内考古学家它远大于欧洲其它已知的罗马营which is much bigger than any known Roman camp in all of Europe.所以这不符合逻辑Therefore, it is not logical.卡瓦的面♥积♥太大了不适合作为一个军事堡垒The Cava seems far too big to be a military fort.如果它不是为战争而建那它的作用是什么呢？But if it wasnt built for war, wha
42、t else could it be?卡特琳娜认为八边形的遗址Catarina believes its possible the sites eight sided shape可能具有宗教意义could hold a religious significance.数字八在很多文化中都具有象征意义(SPEAKING PORTUGUESE) The number 8 is symbolic in several cultures. 它建立了某种天地之间的联♥系♥It creates a sort of connection between heaven and ear
43、th.卡特琳娜认为卡瓦可能是一座古老的基♥督♥教城市是葡萄牙的农业中心地带This is the countrys agricultural heartland.而在勤劳的西海岸占据主导的是两个历史悠久的港口城市And on the industrious west coast, two historic port cities dominate: 波尔图和首都里斯本Porto, and the nations capital, Lisbon.里斯本的街道每年都会给这里的居民Every year, Lisbons streets hold a special sur
44、prise准备一个特殊的惊喜for the people who live here,路边一行行的蓝花楹花朵as row after row of purple jacaranda flowers绽放出绚丽的紫色burst into color.预示着春天的到来Spring has arrived.春季春天葡萄牙整装以待迎接每年涌入的大批游客In spring, the country gears up for its annual influx of visitors.平均每年In an average year,葡萄牙的旅游业约占国内生产总值的百分之二十Portugals tourist
45、industry contributes around 20% to the countrys GDP,从业人员约占总人口的十分之一and employs around one in ten of the population,领先于一些传统行业如葡萄酒大理石和软木塞ahead of traditional industries like wine, marble and cork.春季吸引了很多人来到法蒂玛神殿Springtime draws vast crowds to the Shrine of Fatima因为这是世界上最大的天主教朝圣地之一for one of the worlds
46、largest Catholic pilgrimages.在波尔图And in Porto,游客可以感受壮观的建造于19世纪的路易一世大桥visitors experience the majesty of the 19th century Dom Luis I Bridge.城外60公里处Sixty kilometers outside the city,Catarina believes the Cava could have been an ancient Christian city中心有一座中世纪的神庙with a medieval temple at its heart.但是她需要证据来验证她的推测But she needs evidence to prove her hunch.今天她正在使用无人机找寻地面上的蛛丝马迹Today, shes using drones to look for telltale shadows in the ground这些线索或许可以发掘一座遗失已久的庙宇地基that could reveal the foundations of a long-lost temple