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1、2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练（通用版）03时态与语态、情态动词与助动词与语法填空【高频考点回顾】高频考点一时态与语态【真题再现】语法填空1. （2017全国卷 I ）Later, engineers （manage） to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels（隧道）, which became known as the Tube.2. （2017全国卷HI） Sarah says, My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school （come）
2、 first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. . .3. （2018全国卷 I ） While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it （be） more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.4. （2018全国卷 II） Since 2011, the country （grow） more corn than rice.5. （2018全国卷 II）
3、The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 一 when the government （start） a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7. 7 million tons.6. （2019全国卷 II ）1 love coming here and seeing my family and all the frien
4、ds I （make） over the years.答案:1. managed es 3. is 4. has grown 5. started 6.have made【关键技法点拨】语法填空解题策略1 .明晰高考考查类型：动词的时态和语态题，大致可分为以下3种类型:一是题干中提供时间状语，考生可直接根据所给的时间状 语作出答案。二是提供的时间状语有较强的干扰性和迷惑性，考生不能直接据此进行答题;三是题干中不提 供任何时间状语，而是给出一个上下文情景或一个结构较为复杂的句子，考生必须仔细分析语境，才能作出 最佳答案。2 .掌握独特的时间状语标志看到always, often, seldom,
5、 sometimes,仪等要想到用一般现在时；【高频考点强化】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1Birthday factsMany centuries ago, birthdays were considered a time when the bad spirits were able to harm you. It was believed that you should have your friends and family around youl. their good wishes and present-giving would keep
6、 the bad spirits away. People also believed that, by lighting candles, they were sending a signal or wishes to the gods.Later on, candles started 2. (use) on birthday cakes. One story about the beginnings of the birthday cake is3, it started with the Greeks, who made round cakes 4. (represent) the f
7、ull moon for their moon goddess . They also placed candles on the cake to make it light, again like the moon.However, the Germans are said to have first used cakes and candles. They used a sweet cake and they put a large candle in the centre of the cake to mean “the light ofThe “Happy Birthday, song
8、 is more than a hundred years old. The music was written in 1893 by two sisters, Patty and Mildred Hill, 5, were schoolteachers in Louisville, Kentucky. The music was first used as a morning greeting to their students 6, (entitleVGood Morning To Air. In 1935, the words legally 7, (belong) to the Hil
9、l sisters, and the copyright has been bought and sold for millions of dollars ever since. The present copyright is owned by Warner Communications. They bought it in 19898. more than $22 million.Happy Birthday to you 9 (recognize) around the world and has been translated into many different languages
10、. And children still love to make new versions of 10.2We walked inside a museum in Garden City and looked around, eager 11 . (meet) Kobie Boykins, a NASA engineer. He helped to design the Mars rover (探测3黔 Curiosity, 12. is still exploring to this day.In a big presentation room, Boykins 13. (talk) ab
11、out the teams newest rover, Mars 2020. We asked him if the new rover would be 14. most complicated one he and his team 15. (make) so far. He told us that most of the engineering would be the same. However, the rover is still more 16. (advance) and will be able to get more accurate test 17. (result).
12、When Boykins finished his presentation, some people brought him into another room where we would interview him. We asked if he felt he was 18. a lot of pressure at work. He told us that he 19. (actual) put a lot of pressure on himself. He said that working on the spacecraft wasnt putting him in that
13、 position, but he still wanted to make 20. perfect.3I have a degree in business. However, it was my fathers decision for me to pursue a business major. Nevertheless, even if my college 21 . (experience) were fantastic, I still had no interest in any field of commerce, let alone having a long-term ca
14、reer 22, a businesswoman.After I 23 . (graduate), I worked as a marketing 24. (plan) at a computer company. My pay and working environment were great; however, I still didnt feel happy 25. (do) something I wasnt interested in. After two months of working there, I made up my mind 26. (quit) and decid
15、ed to do 27. I love, namely teaching English. I have now been an English teacher for over twenty years. I love my job and love being with my students.If you are in a place 28. you dont love what you are learning or doing, please ask yourself what you are really passionate for, and what you 29. (true
16、) want fbr your life. Dont rush to get yourself a quick answer. Take some time to think about what career could make you happy. The important thing is that you are happy and then you will be able to bring happiness to people around you. There is a quote that says, nSuccess is not the key to happines
17、s. Happiness is the key to success.H If you love what you are doing, you will be 30. (success).4A recent film has earned huge attention on social media platforms, many citizens3L (praise) the short video as the best commercial video of 2019 The film focuses on32. question Who is Peppa? and tells a t
18、ouching story33, highlights Chinese families. In the beginning, a senior man34. (name) Li Yubao in a remote mountainous area asked his grandson on the phone35, gifts he wanted for the Spring Festival, but only heard the word Peppa” due to the poor mobile signal. Therefore, the man begins an interest
19、ing journey to discover who Peppa is.36. the help of neighbors, the senior man made a Peppa model with irons and steels, and37. (surprise) his grandson. The short video 38. (encourage) people working outside to come back home often and accompany family members39. (spend) a happy and warm Spring Fest
20、ival holiday. After all, family connections are the most 40, (significance) thing in Chinese peoples hearts.5Dario and his mother loved their new apartment 4L living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them sat side by side at the piano. They played jazz music 42, (celebrat
21、e) their new home. The loud music filled the room and made them feel very happy. The next morning, 43. , their happiness disappeared.Someone had left a note under their door during the night. One of their neighbors44. (write) to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Darios mother asked the door
22、keeper 45. he knew anything about it. But he said no. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they should hold a party at home and apologize 46. their playing.They47. loved the idea. Over the next few days, they sent out 48. (invite) and decorated the apartment with party lights.49. (final), the da
23、y of the party arrived. The guests brought different presents. One woman even presented Dario with a book of piano music, which gave them a feeling of warmth. Dario apologized and was already looking forward to 50. (practice ) the new music.6No one knows exactly 51 , the earth began. However, accord
24、ing to a widely accepted theory, the universe began 52. a Big Bang”. Then the dust 53. (settle) into a solid globe. As the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. Many 54. (science) believe that it was the presence of water that allowed the earth to dissolve 55 ,(harm) gases and aci
25、ds into oceans and seas, which made it possible for life to develop.Millions of years later, the first small plants appeared on the surface of the water. Their development 56. (follow) by early shellfish, all sorts of fish, green plants and land animals. Reptiles 57. (produce) young generally by lay
26、ing eggs while mammals gave birth to young baby animals. Dinosaurs existed on the earth for over 140 million years before they suddenly disappeared. The reason 58. they disappeared still remains a mystery.Finally, humans appeared and spread all over the earth. But they are putting too much carbon di
27、oxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from 59. (escape) from the earth into space. As a result of this, people believe the earth may become too hot to live on. So 60. life will continue on the earth will depend on how this problem can be solved.7I was nine years old when I learnt to ride a
28、bike. The bike was a birthday present from my uncle. You can imagine how _61. (excite) I was when I saw the bike, and I begged my uncle to teach me how62 , (ride)it right away. However, before I got on the bike, I felt 63. (extreme) nervous and I was afraid that Iwould fall off and hurt 64.(me). My
29、uncle held onto the seat and helped me to get65. the bike.While I was riding, he was running along beside me, holding the seat so I would not fall over. I was so 66(grate) to him for his help.As I was practicing, I became more and more confident. Then, I heard my uncle shouting, “You are riding it b
30、y yourself now! I was both excited and scared. I was really riding by myself, but 67 , if I fell off? As Iwas wondering about this, my uncle ran after me and got hold of the bike. I 68. (slow) down and came to a stop. My heart was still beating fast when I got off the bike.69.(late) that day, I felt
31、 like I was walkingon air! I am still thankful to my uncle for teaching me to ride70.bike on my ninth birthday.8The Wandering Earth is a Chinese science fiction movie, 71 is based on the novel of 72. same name by Liu Cixin, and was released on February 5, 2019, the Chinese New Years Day.After learni
32、ng the sun is dying out ,people all around the world feel 73. (panic),so they build giant planet thrusters(星球推进3附to move the earth out of its orbit and sail 74. to a new star system. The 2500 yearsjourney comes with unexpected dangers, but in order to save humanity, a group of young people come out
33、bravely and fight hard for everyones75. (survive)oWe 76. (impress) to see the theme of this film. It doesnt particularly show somebodys ability to save our world 77. shows all the human beings are working together,78J(spare)no effort to save this world.The Wandering Earth is seen by people 79. the d
34、awn(开端)of Chinese science fiction movies. It means that Chinas sci-fi movies have80. (official) set sail.9Strange things were 81 .(happen) in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells 82.(rise) and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in 8
35、3. (they). A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous 84 .(eat). Mice ran out of the field 85 (look) for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds. 86. about 3:00 am on July 28th, 1976, some people saw 87, (brightly) lights i
36、n the sky. The sound of planes could 88. (hear) outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 89 . the one million people of the city, 90. thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.(2)看到 yeste
37、rday, last night, a few days ago, the other day等要想到用一般过去时;(3)看到 since, so far. up to now, in the last/pastfew years等要想到用现在完成时。注意:如果题干中没有时间标志词，而是有两个或两个以上的谓语动词，这时我们应该将两个动词动作发生 的时间进行比较，依据动词发生的时间先后，确定正确的时态。3 .熟记固定句型中的时态(7)Z?e doing, . . when.,主句常用过去进行时，从句常用一般过去时；(2)is/has时间段+s沅ce.表示“自从以来已经”，主句用现在完成时或一般现
38、在时，从句用一般过去时；(3)祈使句+加出什陈述句，陈述句常用一般将来时。4 .分清主动被动，辨析语态看到动词为及物动词，后面缺少宾语要想到用被动语态。【重点知识提示】一、一般现在时与一般过去时一般现在时和一般过去时是近几年必考的语法项目，而且考查的均是最基本的用法。1 . 一般现在时(1)表示习惯性、经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的时间状语连用，如usuallyoftenalways sometimes every day 等。On Monday morning it usually takes me an hour to drive to work.周一早上我通常花一小时开车上班
39、。(2)表示客观事实、真理、格言或者警句等。(3)表示按照时间表、计划安排好的或者规定的行为，只限于go、come、leave、start、stop arrive begin return open close等表示动作趋向性或移动意义的词。My dream school starts at 8: 30 am and ends at 3: 30 pm.我梦想的学校上午八点半上课，下午三点半放学。(4)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Theyll stand by you even if you dont succeed.即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。2 . 一般过去时(1
40、)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday last year the other day等时间状语连 用；也可表示过去习惯性的动作。(2)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主句用了过去将来时，从句常用一般过去时表示过去将来的意义。He said he would tell her about the news as soon as he met her.他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。(3)有些句子，虽然没有明确地表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用 一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know、think、expect、want等。Edward, y
41、ou play so well. But I didnt know you played the piano.爱德华，你弹得真好。但是我原来不知道你会弹钢琴。二、现在进行时、过去进行时与将来进行时3 .现在进行时(1)表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行着的动作或 存在的状态。一I hear you are working in a pub. Whats it like?Well, its very hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind.我听说你在酒吧工作。感觉怎么样？哦，工作很辛苦，我也总是很累，
42、不过我不介意。(2)某些表示位置转移的动词,如：come、go leave arrive start、move等，可用现在进行时表示即 将发生或计划要做的事。4 .过去进行时(1)表示过去某时正在发生的动作，或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作；也可表示过去某个时间段内 一直在进行的动作。I walked slowly through the market, where people were selling all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.我慢慢
43、地走过市场，市场里人们在卖各种各样的水果和蔬菜。我认真地研究了价格之后，买了些我所 需要的。(2)短暂性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划、安排要做的事。I was coming to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel.我本打算那天晚些时候来看你，但是我不得不打电话取消了。(3)现在进行时和过去进行时与always constantly continually forever等副词连用，表示说话人对某 种行为的赞赏、厌烦、不满等情绪。He was always changing his mind.他总是改变主意。5 ,
44、将来进行时表示将来某时或某一时段正在进行的动作，常表示事情的正常发展。111 be doing jobs about the house tomorrow.明天我要干些家务活。三、完成时态1 .现在完成时(1)表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与lately recently so far by now up to/till now in the last/past few days/years 等时间状语连用。Progress has been so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finish
45、ed on time.到目前为止，工作进展得很顺利，我们确信一定会按时完工。(2)表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态，常与since +时间点” 或“for +时间段”等表示一段时间的状语连用。一I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me?Sorry, I havent played the piano for years.我记得你在大学时是一位极有才华的钢琴师。你能为我弹钢琴吗？抱歉，我好多年没有弹钢琴了。(3)现在完成时用于以下句型It i
46、s/has been +时间段+ since表示自从以来已经It is/has been ten years since I graduated from the university.自我从这个大学毕业已经10年了。This/It/That is the first/second/third . time that表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事，that从句要用现在 完成时。This is the first time that I have visited Beijing.这是我第一次游览北京。提醒注意避免思维定式：一看到“for+时间段。就用动词的现在完成时态。一定要看语境是强调“该
47、 动作曾经做过多长时间”(一般过去时)，还是“该动作已经做完多长时间”(现在完成时)。My uncle lived in America for many years and now he lives in China.我叔叔在美国定居多年，现在他生活在中国。2 .过去完成时(1)表示在过去某一动作之前已经完成的动作，强调“过去的过去”之意。常与by、before等介词短语或 状语从句连用或用于有上下文暗示的句子中。By the end of last year, we had accomplished the project completely.到去年年底，我们已彻底完成了该项目。(2)表
48、示意向的动词,如hope、wish expect、think、intend、mean suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原 本(事实上未能)”。I had meant to help you, but I was too busy at that moment.我本打算帮你的，但当时我太忙了。(3)用过去完成时的固定句型This/It/That was the first/second/third . time that表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事“，that从句要用过 去完成时ohardly . when和no sooner . than两个句型中，主句均用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down.我刚到家，大雨就倾盆而下。3 .现在完成进行时(1)常用来表示开始于过去某个时间，一直持续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。For days the kids have been looking for others