《讲与练09 动词类提示词语法填空题攻略(含答案解析)---2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练(通用版).docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《讲与练09 动词类提示词语法填空题攻略(含答案解析)---2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练(通用版).docx（25页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练（通用版）09动词类提示词语法填空题攻略【高频考点回顾】要点一谓语及其形式确实定【是否作谓语】第一步确定是否作谓语分析句子结构，找出句中是否缺少谓语，如果缺少谓语，那么该空格应填谓语动词。第二步确定作谓语的三点注意.根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态；1 .根据主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系，以确定语态；.根据主语确定谓语动词的数，做到主谓一致。【作何种谓语】1.如何确定谓语动词的时态最近几年高考语法填空最常考的时态是一般过去时、一般现在时和现在完成时。可以通过以下方式确 定时态。思维定向解题原那么慧眼识别 标志词(1)一般过去时的标志词:y
2、esterday, last year, in 2018, two days ago等(2)般现在时的标志词:often, usually, always等(3)现在完成时的标志词：since, recently, in the past/last few years,so far, in recent years； for+ 时间段等瞻刖顾后 找并列表示并列关系的谓语动词住往时态 致，如：and, but, not only.but also连接的句子时态相呼应，应该一致。通过动作先后关系当句中有两个或两个以上的动词时，我们可以根据动作发生的先后 关系来判定时态。通过“语境暗示”法在时间状语
3、和其他参照物都不明显的情况下，通过上下文的语境暗 示，也是解决时态问题的一条行之有效的方法。典例例如1】（2020浙江7月卷）他母亲让他每天扫地板。(3)过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动、完成常用过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有:have, make, get, find, see, notice, watch, hear, feel, want, like 等。The teacher wont like the problem discussed at the moment.老师不希望此刻讨论这个问题。(4)现在分词作宾语补足语表示主动、进行常用现在分词作宾语补足语的词语有feel, find, h
4、ear, notice, observe, see, watch, get, have, keep, leave, send, set, listen to, look at 等。He stood at the window, from where he could see his classmates playing basketball on the playground.他站在窗口，从那里他可以看到他的同学在操场上打篮球。【典例例如15(2020浙江1月卷)Something significant is happening to the world population-it is a
5、ging.The median (中位数的)age of anAmerican in 1950 56.was 30today it is 41 and is expected 57.(increase) to 42 by 2050.【答案与解析to increase 分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语is expected,且不是并列谓语，故此处考 查的是非谓语动词。固定表达be expected to do sth表示“被期望做某事”，不定式作补足语。故填to increaseo 【典例例如16(2020全国卷H)They make great gifs and you see them man
6、y times 65.(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.【答案与解析】decorated 句中them指代前句中的orange trees,与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过 去分词作宾语补足语。【典例例如17】(2018全国卷III)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70.(stay) and watch.【答案与解析】to stay 考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，为固定搭配。要点三词性转换简析如果所给
7、动词既不作谓语，也不作非谓语，那么一般应进行词性转换，通常变为名词。【典例例如1(2020.山东高考模拟卷)On the morning of her grandsons wedding, Peg McCormack received some bad news.The 91 yearold was in the hospital after a fall when she found out she would be unable to attend the 36.(celebrate) in Madison, New Jersey.【答案与解析】celebration 分析句子结构可知，3
8、6空处既不作谓语，也不作非谓语，由空前的the可知， 空处需要填名词形式。故答案为celebration。【典例例如2】(2020.北京卷)Because of the confidence she inspired in me, Fve carved out a 3. (success) profession as a journalist.【答案与解析】successful profession为名词，意为职业，故应用形容词修饰名词，故填successful。 【高频考点强化】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1We think that life i
9、n Chinese high school is adventure in which we have to survive mountains of homework and exams. Yet would it be 2 (surprise) if I tell you that high school life in the US is almost as stressful and demanding as it is in China?In US high school, everything 3 (record) and graded, including your grades
10、 on quizzes, 4 (test) and final exams. Failing to hand in 5 (you) homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course. Perhaps contrary to L we used to think of the US high school students, they pay great attention to their academic performance (学业成绩)to try to get into famous unive
11、rsities. Otherwise, theyll be disappointed after their 7. (graduate) from high school.Like university students, US high school students have the freedom 8. (sign) up the courses that most interest them.” (actual) , even a 9th-grader can sit in the same classroom as a 12th-grader. But he / she must c
12、oncentrate 10. his / her studies and it also means he/she has to work very hard, because the teacher will not treat he/ she differently.【答案】an1. surprisingis recorded2. testsyour3. whatgraduation4. to signActually5. on【解析】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国的高中生活几乎和中国一样紧张和苛刻。1 .考查冠词。句意：我们认为中国的高中生活是一场冒险，我们必须在堆积如山的作业和考试中
13、生存。此 处表示一场冒险，元音音素开头的可数名词前用冠词an。故填an。2 .考查形容词。句意：然而，如果我告诉你，美国的高中生活几乎和中国一样充满压力和要求，你会感到 惊讶吗？此处位于be动词之后因此需要填入形容词作表语，此处描述的是“如果我告诉你，美国的高中生活 几乎和中国一样充满压力和要求，这件事情，因此需要使用v-ing形式。故填surprising。3 .考查动词时态语态。句意：在美国高中，所有的事情都被记录和评分，包括你的测验、测试和期末考试 成绩。分析句子结构可知此处需要填入谓语动词，主语与“记录”之间为被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态; 文章为描述一件事情，因此使用一般现在时。主
14、语为everything,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is recordedo.考查名词复数。句意：在美国高中，所有的事情都被记录和评分，包括你的测验、测试和期末考试成绩。 and前后连接的是名词复数，因此考试也用复数名词。故填tests。4 .考查代词。句意：不按时交作业会直接影响你某门课程的成绩。此处位于名词前，需要填入形容词性物 主代词。故填your。5 .考查宾语从句。句意：也许与我们过去对美国高中生的看法相反，他们非常关注自己的学业成绩，试图 进入名牌大学。此处为t。的宾语从句，句子中缺少think的宾语，表示“一件事情”。故填what。6 .考查名词。句意：否那么，他们高中毕
15、业后会很失望。形容词物主代词their后用名词。故填graduation。7 .考查非谓语动词。句意：和大学生一样，美国高中生有自由选择自己最感兴趣的课程。have the freedom to do,表示有自由做某事，动词不定式做定语。故填to sign。8 .考查副词。句意：实际上，即使一个九年级的学生也可以和一个十二年级的学生坐在同一个教室里。副 词修饰整句话，做状语。故填Actually。9 .考查介词。句意：但是他/她必须集中精力学习，这也意味着他/她必须非常努力，因为老师不会区别对 待他/她。concentrate on表示集中精力做某事。故填on。“Be true to your
16、self9 is a 11. (common) used saying encouraging individuals to make decisions according to their own beliefs. However, one should always take into 12. (consider) the thoughts and opinions of others, because 13. outsider can often see the situation from a different point of view, 14. (offer) a differ
17、ent way of going about the problem. John F. Kennedy during the Cuban Missile Crisis sought the advice of others 15. how to handle the situation and ended up making the right decisions. Lily from Edith Whartons House of Mirth was 16. (able) to listen to the advice of others and consequently made poor
18、 decisions. Asking for the opinions of others for personal or professional decisions 17. (help) one avoid making the wrong decision.Though it is important to remain true to all 18. each of us truly believes in, we are expected 19. (keep) one ear open to objective opinions. Without the thoughts of ot
19、hers, we will find20, never grow.【答案】commonly6. considerationan7. offeringon/about8. unablehelps/will help9. whatto keep10. it【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要谈论了我们不仅要忠于自己的想法，还要听从别人的建议，进行自我 反省。1L考查副词。句意：“忠于自己”是一个常用的说法，鼓励人们根据自己的信念来做决定。修饰后文动词used 应用副词 commonly, commonly used 表示常用。故填 commonlyo.考查名词。句意：然而，一个人应该总是考虑别人的想法
20、和意见，因为一个局外人经常可以从一个不同 的角度看情况，这提供了一个不同的方式去处理问题。根据短语：take sth. into consideration表示“把 考 虑在内。故填 considerationo12 .考查冠词。句意同上。outsider为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且。utsider为元音音素开头 的单词。故填an。13 .考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构，可知空白处及之后内容在句中为状语，应用非谓语动词形 式，且。ffer与它的逻辑主语view之间是主动的关系，所以现在分词，作为一个后置定语修饰view。故填offering o14 .考查介词。句意：在古
21、巴导弹危机期间，John F Kennedy就关于如何处理这一局势征求了别人的意见， 最后做出了正确的决定。结合句意表示“关于”应用介词on或about。故填on或about。15 .考查形容词。句意：来自Edith Wharton的“欢乐之家”的Lily无法听取别人的建议，因此做出了糟糕的决 定。根据上文was可知应填形容词unable, be unable to表示“不能做某事”。故填unable。16 .考查时态。句意：征求他人的意见来做个人或职业决定可以帮助一个人防止做出错误的决定。分析句子 结构，此处可理解陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为Asking for the opinion
22、s of others for personal or professional decisions,谓语动词用第三人称单数；或理解为将来发生的动作，应用一般将来时。故填helps 或 will helpo.考查宾语从句。句意：尽管忠于我们每个人的真实信仰很重要，但我们也应该听取客观的意见。此处为 宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，指代“相信的内容”应用what引导。故填what。17 .考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管忠于我们每个人的真实信仰很重要，但我们也应该听取客观的意见。固定 短语：be expected to do sth.表示“有望做某事”，后跟不定式。故填to keep。18 .考查it用法
23、。句意：没有别人的想法，我们会发现很难看到自己论点的弱点，没有这种自我反省，我们 永远不会成长。find后跟it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。故填it。3When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. One day, he told me, Next Saturday afternoon from two to five oclock I will be fishing beside the river, which was slightly 21. (distance). Would you like to
24、 accompany me?n I showed my deep 22. (appreciate) for his advice and said that I would love to. But the only thing that wasnt very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I could barely catch anything, which was quite disappointing. By the end of that day, he 23. (catch) about twenty fi
25、shes already. A few were up to over twenty 24. (centimeter) long. I got pretty upset and made an inquiry about the reason. He always answered, HSon, the fish is like an opponent. If you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish. nI became even more 25. (annoy) then because Im not a fish!n
26、I didn*t know how to think like a fish. I once considered 26. (give) up fishing.As I got a little older, I began to understand 27, my dad really meant. So, I read some books on fish. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal, as a result of 28. it is very sensitive (敏感的)to water temperature. Th
27、at is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water-the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish dont have any eyelids (眼目佥)and the sun hurts their eyes.When I grew up and entered the business world, it occurred 29. me what my first boss said,
28、nWe all need to think like sales people.1 But it didnt completely make sense. My dad never once said, HIf you want to catch a fish, you need to think like a fisherman.n What he said was, nYou need to think like a fish.* Years later, I learned what we all need was to think more like customers. 30. (d
29、istinct), it is not quite an easy job.【答案】distant11. appreciationhad caught12. centimetersannoyed13. givingwhat14. whichto15. Distinctly【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文表达了作者小时候与父亲的钓鱼经历，父亲告诉作者“如果你想钓到一条鱼, 你就得像鱼一样思考”，作者当时不理解父亲的意思。进入商界后作者才明白了这句话的含义。21 .考查形容词。句意：有一天，他告诉我:“下周六下午2点到5点，我要去河边钓鱼，河离这里有点远。 was后接形容词作表语。故填distant。
30、22 .考查名词。句意：我对他的建议表示深深的感谢，并说我很乐意去。show后接名词appreciation作宾语。 故填 appreciation o.考查时态。句意：到那天结束的时候，他已经钓到了大约20条鱼。根据By the end of that day”可知， 动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had caught。23 .考查名词。句意：有些甚至超过了 20厘米长。centimeter为可数名词，且有twenty修饰。故填centimeters。 25.考查形容词。句意：我变得更加恼火，因为“我又不是鱼!”我不知道怎么像鱼一样思考。become后接形 容词作表语。表示“我变得
31、更加恼火”，所以用ed结尾的形容词作表语。故填annoyed。26 .考查动名词。句意：我曾经考虑过放弃钓鱼。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事。故填giving。27 .考查连接词。句意：当我长大一点，我开始明白我父亲的真正含义。Understand后接宾语从句，宾语从 句中mean缺少宾语，所以用what来充当宾语。故填what。28 .考查定语从句。句意：所以，我读了一些关于鱼的书，了解到鱼是冷血动物，因此它对水温非常敏感。 分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，which代指前文的整个句子，作of的宾语，关系代词为whicho故填whicho 29.考查介词。句意：当我长大进入
32、商界后，我突然想起我的第一个老板说过的话:“我们都需要像销售人员 一样思考。it occurs to sb某人想起 “为固定短语。故填to。30. 考查副词。句意：显然，这不是一件容易的工作。副词置于句首，修饰整个句子，首字母大写。故填 Distinctlyo4After a snowstorm hit Atlanta in January of 2014, rumors (谣言)spread that it wasnt snow. Some said that it was fake snow, 31. man-made chemical, or nanobots (纳米机器人).Simil
33、ar misinformation is cropping up on social media after Winter Storm Uri in the American South in 2021.It is a strange idea, to say 32. least. Some viewers, 33. (especial) those who have not encountered snow before, could possibly be forgiven for believing the idea was 34. (reason). A lot of videos s
34、howed people burning snow, only 35. (see) it apparently not melt, leaving a black mark on the surface of the white snow balls, as if it were artificial, and not just made of 36. (freeze) water.Fed up with these misleading 37. (video), astronomer and science writer Phil Plait took a lighter to snow a
35、nd got a similar result. But this is merely how real snow behaves. Plait took advantage of the situation to explain the science behind what 38. (go) on in. As he said, when snow melts, the water 39. (absorb) by the remaining loosely packed snow. This is how snow cones (果味冰沙)hold onto their sugary wa
36、ter, and explains 40. they are so delicious. And the black marks are ashes of the smoke from the lighter fuel.【答案】either31. theespecially32. reasonableto see33. frozenvideos34. was going35. is absorbedwhy【解析 1这是一篇说明文。文章解释了人们为什么会误把真雪当假雪。31 .考查连词。句意：有人说那是假雪，人造化学物，或者纳米机器人。either.or“或者或者” 是固定用法，符合句意。故填e
37、ither。32 .考查冠词。句意：至少可以说，这是一个奇怪的想法。least是little的最高级，故用定冠词the限定，to say the least是固定短语。故填the。33 .考查副词。句意：一些观众，尤其是那些以前从未见过雪的观众，相信这个想法是合理的，这是可以原 谅的。副词especially尤其；特别”通常用来对前文所述事件进行进一步的说明或补充，此处引出同位语。故填 especially。34 .考查形容词。句意：一些观众，尤其是那些以前从未见过雪的观众，相信这个想法是合理的，这是可以 原谅的。根据前文系动词was可知，此处应用reason的形容词reasonable作表语
38、。故填reasonable。35 .考查非谓语动词。句意：很多视频显示人们在燃烧雪，结果却发现雪显然没有融化，在白色雪球的外表 留下了一个黑色的痕迹，好像雪是人造的，而不仅仅是由冷冻水制成的。根据句意以及前文。nly可知，此 处应用动词不定式，表示未预料到的结果。故填t。see。36 .考查形容词。句意：很多视频显示人们在燃烧雪，结果却发现雪显然没有融化，在白色雪球的外表留下 了一个黑色的痕迹，好像雪是人造的，而不仅仅是由冷冻水制成的。非谓语动词什eeze，吏结冰”和所修饰的 名词water之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作定语，frozen已转化为形容词，意为“结冰的故填frozen。37 .
39、考查名词复数。句意：受够了这些误导人的视频，天文学家和科学作家Phil Plait用打火机来降雪，也 得到了类似的结果。根据前文these可知，此处应用可数名词video的复数形式作介词with的宾语。故填 videoSo.考查动词时态。句意：但这仅仅是真正的雪的表现。Plait利用这一情况解释了其中的科学原理。what is going on发生什么事了；怎么一回事”是固定句式，因主句谓语动词(took)为一般过去时，故从句中应用 过去进行时与之对应。故填was going。38 .考查被动语态。句意：正如他所说，当雪融化时，水被剩余的松散的积雪吸收。谓语动词absorb和主语 water之
40、间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据句意可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人 称单数，主谓一致。故填is absorbed。39 .考查宾语从句。句意：这就是雪糕如何留住它们的含糖水，并解释了为什么它们如此美味。根据句意及 前文explains可知，此处解释“为什么它们如此美味”，应用连接副词why引导宾语从句，在从句中作原因状语。故填why。Figure skating(花样滑冰)，as we know, got its start in the mid-19th century, when an American 41. (name) Jackson Haines combine
41、d dancing and skating for the first time. Americans did not accept his technique, so he moved to Vienna, Austria, 42. he was an immediate success.Figure skating became an Olympic sport before there were Winter Games. Events for pairs and singles first 43. (appear) at the London 1908 Summer Games. In
42、 singles, each skater performs a short routine(一套动作)of required steps, jumps, spins, and combinations, as well as a longer free-skating routine. The pairs event 44. (follow) the same format (形式)，but with one male and one female 45. (perform) together.Ice dance is performed by one male and one female
43、, too. But 46. (like) pairs, ice dance does not include overhead lifts and jumps. An ice dance 47. (compete) is made up of two parts now: one is set to music which has a certain rhythm, and the other is set to whatever music the ice dancers choose.A group of nine judges scores the quality of each fi
44、gure skating performance, 48. only seven out of nine scores are used. Skaters are given a grade for each step jump, spin, or any other element that is part of their routine. They also receive 49. noveraHH score for each performance. The person or team with the 50. (high) total score is the winner.【答
45、案】named36. whereappeared37. followsperforming38. unlikecompetition39. butan40. highest【解析】文章主要介绍了花样滑冰。花样滑冰始于19世纪中期，是一位名叫Jackson Haines的美国人所创。41 .考查非谓语动词。句意：众所周知，花样滑冰始于19世纪中期，当时一个名叫杰克逊海恩斯的美国人首次将舞蹈和滑冰结合在一起。name和an American之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故 填 named o.考查定语从句。句意：美国人不接受他的技术，所以他搬到了奥地利的维也纳，在那里他立即获得了成
46、 功。空处引导定语从句，先行词是表示地点的名词，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，关系词应用where。 故填where o42 .考查时态。句意：双人和单人工程首次出现在1908年的伦敦夏季奥运会上。根据at the London 1908 Summer Games”可知，句子应用一般过去时。故填appearedo.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：双人比赛遵循同样的形式，只是一男一女一起表演。主语The pairs event 是第三人称单数形式，再根据上文的performs可知，句子应用一般现在时，故填follows。43 .考查非谓语动词。句意：双人比赛遵循同样的形式，只是一男一女一起表演。此处是
47、with复合结构， perform和one male and one female之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用动词-ing形式作宾补。故填performingo.考查介词。句意：但与双人不同的是，冰舞不包括高空升降和跳跃。根据语境可知，冰上舞蹈不包括托 举和跳跃，这是和双人滑的不同之处，unlike表示不同于，符合句意，故填unlike。44 .考查名词。句意：冰上舞蹈比赛现在由两局部组成。分析句子结构可知，所填的词作主语，所以用名词 competition,意为“比赛，竞赛。故填 competitiono.考查连词。句意：由9名裁判员组成的小组对每一项花样滑冰表演的质量进行评分，但只使用了
48、 9分中 的7分。根据语境可知，会有9个裁判给出分数，但只有7个裁判的分数会被使用。故填but。45 .考查冠词。句意：他们还会得到每次表现的“总体”分数。此处score表示“分数”，是可数名词，表示泛指， 且overall的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。46 .考查形容词最高级。句意：总分最高的人或队为优胜者。根据the及语境可知，此处应用最高级，表示 “总分最高的人或团队是获胜者二故填highesto6As a teenager, I often heard people say, High school is the best years of life!* So 1 looked forward to51. (begin) a new life as a freshman.Actually, there were really too many unforgettable moments in those years. Whether they were bad moments or52. (amaze) ones, all of them left a deep impression53. me.During those years, I liked to volunt