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1、新目标七年级下册Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?讲义一、重点单词1. camp扎营;扎帐篷2. lake湖，湖泊3. beach海滩，沙滩4. badminton羽毛球运动5. sheep羊，绵羊6. as作为，当做7. natural自然的8. butterfly 蝴蝶9. visitor游客；访问者10. tired疲倦的11. mouse 老鼠12. baby幼小的13. language 语言14. high高的（地）15. ago 以前16. India 印度17. tent .帐篷18. moon 月亮19. surprise 惊奇，惊讶2
2、0. snake 蛇21. scared惊慌的22. move 移动23. start开始，着手24. jump 跳跃25. wake弄醒,醒26. forest 森林27. ear耳朵2. go to cinema去看电影4. play badminton 打羽毛球6. work as以身份而工作8. kind of有点儿10. run away 跑开12. fly a kite 放风筝14. put up搭起，举起16. get a surprise 吃惊18. each other 互相20. go to sleep 入睡22. look out of.向夕卜看24. up and do
3、wn上上下下26. move into移进自测表:词汇类型题号三会词汇（会认、会读、会写）二会词汇（会认、会读）陌生词汇（课后需重点加强记忆）二、短语归纳1. do my homework做我的家庭作业3. go boating / camping 去划船 / 去野营5. on Saturday morning 在星期六早上7. have a good weekend周末过得愉快9. stay up late 熬夜11. shout at对大声叫嚷13. high school 中学15. in the countryside 在乡下17. make a fire 生火19. so* that
4、如此以至于21. the next morning 第二天早上23. shout to 冲呼喊25. wakeup把弄醒27. a swimming pool 一个游泳池三、句型集萃.1. go + doing去做某事2. play +球类玩球3. 时间段+ ago前4. keep + sb. / sth. +形容词/副词/介词短语使保持5. so +形容词/副词+ that句子 如此以至于6. see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事7. let sb. do sth.让某人做某事8. start to do / doing sth.开始做某事9. tell sb.sth.=t
5、ell sth. to sb.告诉某人某事W.feel sb./sth. doing sth.感觉某人/某物正在做某事四、词汇、句型讲解及拓展1. What did you do last weekend,Lucy ?路西，你上周末干什么去了 ？【解析】last (1) last作形容词时，意为“最后的，最末的”或者“紧接前面的，刚过去的二Today is the last day in the year.今天是今年的最后一天。I didnt sleep well last night.昨晚我没睡好。(2) last作副词时，意为“最后地”，Pm the last one.我是最后一个。(3)
6、 last做动词时，意思是“持续，继续，维持”等，The hot weather lasted a week.炎热的天气持续了 一周。2.1 work as a guide at the Natural History Museurrh我在自然历史博物馆做导游。【解析】as (1) as作介词时意为“作为”，其后多接表示职业、职务、用途、作用之类的名词。He works as a worker.他作为一名工人而工作。I used one of my shoes as a hammer.我拿我的一只鞋当锤子使。(2) as还可以作连词，其后多接从句或介词短语。All the six studen
7、ts do as the teacher says.所有这六个学生都按照老师说的做。3. I stayed up late to watch the soccer games .我熬夜看足球比赛。【解析】stay (1) stay不及物动词，意为“停留，逗留”，后常接介词短语表示停留的地点。stay up意为“熬夜;不睡觉”;stay up late意为“熬夜，睡的很晚”。Ifs raining outside, so we have to stay at home.外面正在下雨，因此我们不得不呆在家里。Do you often stay up? 你经常熬夜吗？(2) stay可以做连系动词，
8、意为“维持，保持”，其后常接形容词作表语。The weather will stay fine for several days.天气将持续儿天晴朗。(3) stay可以作名词，意为“停留、逗留”。During my stay in Beijing, I had a good time.我在北京逗留期间玩的很高兴。4. There we put up our tents and made a fire to keep us warm and cook food on.在丹里我彳门搭起 了 帐篷, 生火取暖做饭。【解析】put up put up意为“搭建，搭起力着重指建造或搭起一个具有一定高度
9、的具体的物体。在口语中set up与 build也有此意。Its going to rain. LeVs put up the tent.天要下雨了,我们把帐篷搭起来吧。【拓展I put up还可意为“挂起，张贴；举起；抬起”之意。Please help me put up the picture.请帮我挂起这幅画。If you know the answer, please put up your hands.如果矢口道答案，请举手。5. The next morning,my sister and I got a terrible surprise.第二天早上，我姐姐和我感到很吃惊。【解析
10、】surprise (1) surprise作名词，意为“惊奇，惊讶，惊喜”，作抽象名词时通常不可数，也可以具体化变为可数 名词；get a surprise意为“吃惊”。He gave me a surprise by arriving early.他的早到让我吃惊。(2) surprise作动词，意为“使吃惊/震惊”，后面常接人作宾语。The news surprised us greatly.这条消息使我们大为吃惊。6.1 was so scared that I couldnt move.我是如此害怕以至于我不敢动了。【解析】movemove的用法比较多，现总结如下：(1) move可
11、作及物动词，意为“移动、搬动、使改变位置(或姿势)”。He moved the sofa to the left.他把沙发移到左边。(2) move作及物动词，还可意为“感动、鼓动、激动”。The speech moved them to tears.那场演说把他们感动得落泪。(3) move还可作不及物动词，意为“离开、动身迁移、搬家二He moved his family to a smaller house.他把家搬到一个较小的房子里。【注意】：搬到某地常用move to +地点，但当副词作地点状语时，此时可省略掉to。【拓展】：move house搬家 move to Paris搬至i
12、j巴黎move in搬进，迁进 move on继续前进7 .We shout to our parents to let them know about the danger.我们呼喊我们的父母让他们知道这里很危 险。【解析】shout(1) shout作动词，意为“呼喊(叫)，大声说，叫嚷:shoutat意为“冲大声嚷”，方式比较粗 鲁；shoutto意为“朝喊”，常因为距离远或者周围嘈杂而喊，目的让对方听见。She shouted at the old man.她大声呵斥那老人。He shouted to the old man.他大声向那老人喊。(2)名词，意为“呼喊，叫喊:What a
13、 terrible shout!多可怕的叫喊声!8 .This woke the snake up and it moved into the forest near the lake.这惊醒了这条蛇,它就爬进湖旁边的 森林去了。【解析】wake up&wake.up wake upwake up意为“醒来。是不及物动词词组，其后不能接表示人的名词或 者代词。例如：The students usually wake up early.学生们通常醒的很 早。wake.upwake sb. up意为“把某人叫醒”，是指一方把另一方叫醒或者吵醒，wake 和up之间加表示人的名词或者代词。例如：Do
14、n wake your father up. Hes too tired.不要把你父亲吵醒。他太累了。9 . How interesting!多么有趣啊！【解析】这是一个感叹句，感叹句是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子。感叹句一般用how或者what 开头，句末加感叹号。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。具体句式如下：(1) what引导的感叹句：1) What a(an)+形容词+可数名词的单数形式+主语+谓语！What a clever boy he is!多么聪明的小男孩啊！2) What+形容词+可数名词的复数形式+主语+谓语！What interesting books th
15、e children are reading!孩子们读的书多么有趣啊！3) What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！What cold weather it is!多冷的天！(2) how引导的感叹句：1) How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语！How lovely the baby is!这孩子真可爱！(lovely为形容词)How fast he runs!他跑地多快啊！(fast为副词)2) How+形容词+a(an)+可数名词的单数形式+主语+谓语！How heavy a box they are carrying!他们抬的箱子多重啊！3) How+主语+谓语！How time flie
16、s!时间过得多快!练习：1. clever girl she is!A. What a B. What C How a D. How2. interesting story it is!A. What an B. What a C. How an D. How3. beautiful children they are!A. What B. What a C. How a D. How4. flowers they are!A. What beautiful B. What a beautiful C. How beautiful D. How a beautiful5. day it is
17、!A. How cold B. What cold C. How a cold D. What a cold6. warm weather it is today! Lets go climbing.A.What a B.How C.How a D.What7. sunny day!. Lets go out for doing sports.A.What B.How a C.What a D.How8. exciting news! We ve never had long vacation before.A.What; such a B.How; such a C.What an; suc
18、h a D what; so a10. Who visited her grandma? 谁去拜访了祖母？ Becky did.Becky 去了。【解析】本句的答语中的did是用来代替上文中的动词visited的。英语中为了避免不必要的重复，经常 用do, does, did, so等来代替前面的动词或相关内容。 Do you like music?你喜欢音乐吗？ No, but my father does. (does= likes music)不，但是我父亲喜欢音乐。 Do you think he is clever?你认为他聪明吗？ I think so. (so 代替 he is
19、clever)我认为如此。 Did you pass the exam?你通过考试了吗？ No, but my friend Lily did. (did 等于 passed the exam)没有，但是我的朋友Lily通过了。11. But I was so tired that I went to sleep early.我是如此的累,以至于我很早就睡了。【解析1】tired tired形容词，意为“疲倦的,疲劳的，累的”,be tired of意为“对厌烦二tired的反义词是tireless,意为“不知疲倦的”。He looks tired today.他今天看起来很累。She was
20、 tired of watching TV.她看电视看得厌倦了。【拓展】tiring指“令人困倦的，使人疲劳的，累人的”。It was a long tiring day.这一天让人感到又累又长。【解析2】so. that的意思是“如此以至于”，它引导结果状语从句。在口语中，so.that.的that常被省去。She felt so sad that tears came to her eyes.她非常悲伤，泪水盈眶。John was so drunk (that) he could not stand still.约翰醉得站也站不住了。He spoke so rapidly (that) w
21、e could hardly follow him.他说得很快，我们很难听清楚他在说什么。12. This was a very useful lesson for me.这对我来说是个很有用的教训【解析】lesson在本句中意为“教训，经验。是可数名词。teach sb. a lesson表示“给某人一个教训o learn a lesson意为“得到一次教训: That accident taught them a lesson.那次事故给了他们一个教训。You should teach him a lesson.你应该教训他一顿。【拓展】lesson作名词时还可以表示“功课，课”，多用复数
22、形式，也可以指具体的“一堂课，一节课”, 多用单数形式。She gives the children lessons in music.她给孩子们上音乐课。They usually have four lessons in the morning.上午他们通常有四节课。13. Not really, but I visited my sister.没什么，但是我去拜访了我的姐姐。【解析】really是副词，在此与否定词连用，起减弱语气的作用。not really意为“没有，没什么，不怎么” 等,相当于 not very much. 例如：I dont really agree with tha
23、t.对此我不太赞同。 Did you enjoy that movie?你喜欢那部电影吗？ Not really.不怎么喜欢。【拓展】（1） really单独使用时，表示感兴趣或疑问、惊讶、恼怒等语气。例如： My grandfather bought me a new bike.我外祖母给我买了一辆新自行车。-Really?真的吗？（2）用于形容词或行为动词之前，表示强调，意为“真的，的确，确实:例如：She is really beautiful.她的确很漂亮。I really like English.我真的喜欢英语。五、语法归纳一般过去时 1 .用法：表示在过去某个时间或某一段时间内发
24、生的动作或存在的状态。2 .常用的时间状语,即标志词：yesterday, last night, last week, last year, last Monday, two days/years ago , just now, in 1999, at the age of 5, one day .3 . 一般过去时态的“三变”技巧1）,一变：肯定句变为否定句当句中含有情态动词could,would,should等时，可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。I could get you a concert ticket.I could not/couldnt get you a concert
25、ticket.当句中含有系动词was,were时，可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。I was on the Internet when you called me.一I was not/wasn5t on the Internet whne you called me.当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词（was, were）以外的动词时，在改动词之前加did not/didnt, 动词还原为原形，构成否定句。The famous singer sang some Chinese songs.一The famous singer did not/didnt sing any Chinese
26、 songs.2） .陈述句变为一般疑问句移动词语的位置。W was,were,could,would,should等移到句首。He coould pack his things himself.一Could he pack his things himself?添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词（was,were）以外的词时，在主语之前加did,动 词还原。Mr. Li looked very old.Did Mr. Li look very old?3） .陈述句变为特殊疑问句确定疑问词：人 who/whom,物 what,地点 where,时间 when/what tim
27、e,原因 why,频率 how often, 长度how long,距离how far等。They gave the concert last night. When did they give the concert?确认结构形式：疑问词+情态动词/助动词/was/were+主语+其他？The accident happened near the station. 一Where did the accident happen?真题演练：1. 2017 湖北黄冈】一Hey, Molly. You on the phone just now.But you werent here and the
28、 manleft a phone number.Oh? I was in the library.A. wantedB. are wanted C. were wanted D. have wanted2. 2017 湖南省岳阳】The car by the policeman because the driver was drunk.A. stoppedB. was stopped C. were stopped3. 2017 贵州黔东南州I to Rongjiang last year, but I never to Chongjiang.A. went; have, beenB. wil
29、l go; have, beenC. went; have, goneD. go; have, gone4. 2017 烟台中考】The smile on Mothers face suggested she.A. was gladB. was surprisedC. is pleased D. was annoyed5. 2017 陕西A new club in our school at the beginning of this year and now it has manymembers.A. startsB. is startedC. has started D. was star
30、ted6. 2017 河南】一Have you heard of Earth Day?Yes. The first Earth Day in 1970 to educate us to protect our planet.A. celebrates .B. celebratedC.is celebratedD.was celebrated7. 2017 绵阳市】When I called the bus service, I that there was no more bus.A. was tellingB. was toldC.has toldD.had told8. 【2017 四川宜
31、宾】My grandma us stories when I was young.A. was used to tellB. is used to tellingC.used totellD.used to telling9. 2017 四川宜宾】 一Are you a soccer player in your school?一Yes, I the team two years ago. I in the team for two years.A. have joined; have been B. was joined; am C. joined; was D. joined; have
32、been10. 2017 天津】I have been to Shanghai. I there last month.A. goB. wentC. have goneD. will go11. 2017 浙江温州】一What did you do yesterday evening, Gina.?I Titanic 3D in the City Cinema.A. watchB. watchedC. am watching D. will watch12. 2017 浙江宁波】 一Why is your bedroom so dirty?Sony, Mum. It. I felt very tired after playing soccer.A. isnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. doesnl clean D. wasnt cleaned自测表:知识点题号能够熟练掌握掌握情况一般有些陌生（请在课后习题中遇到此类型题目多注意）