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1、2023年新高考英语读后续写提分技能3.08 读后续写必备的词块策略知识回顾1词块法是由Michael Lewis在他The Lexical Approach(词块法)一书中提出的，是一个关于语言教学的理论。在外语教学过程中要更多地关注交际和词汇已是大势所趋。从本质上说，词块法就等同于交际法，因为它们都强调语言的交际作用。根据Michael Lewis的观点，词块法的主要内容可以这样来描述:语言教学是个人教育的一部分。每一种学习经历都应该有助于个人的成熟发展。尽管对于不同的受教育者来说，教育的影响是不同的，但有效的教育经历都会带来好奇心、自信和自我完善的提升。而且，个人集中注意力的能力、责任感
2、和合作意识也能在有效的教育经历中获得加强。词块法最突出的特征是，它提出要从根本上用一种不同的态度来对待文本。首先，它强调上下文的重要性，并质疑非语境语言，因此其更倾向于文本自身的拓展。其次，它提出了一系列的加强意识的活动，来引导学生关注构成文本的词块。因此，文本不仅扮演了介绍有趣内容的角色，而且还可被视为主要的语言资源，学生们可以从中习得相关的词汇知识按照词汇内部的语义联系和句法功能将词汇项目分为四种类型的词块：1） 单词 （如：word， guideline） 和多词词汇 （如：by the way）。这实际上就是传统意义上的“词汇”，其特点是不能将它拆分开来使用，其中的单词也不能任意替换。
3、2） 搭配 （collocations），即以较高频率出现的单词组合 （形容词+名词或动词+名词的搭配）。3） 惯用语 （institutionalized utterances），指形式固定或半固定的具有语用功能的单词组合。如Im sorry， but等。4） 句子框架或引语 （sentence frames or heads）。这类词块仅用于书面语，作为篇章组织的手段，是形式和功能固定和半固定的短语。方法策略2读后续写中常用的词块列举一、形容人聪明与善良的英语单词聪明：1. smart 聪明的，2. intelligent 聪明的、理解力强的，3. shrewd 精明的，4. tack 老
4、练、机智，5. acute 敏锐的，6. exquisite 灵敏的，7. knowledgeable 有见识的;愚蠢：1. silly 傻的，2. stupid 愚蠢的，3. clumsy 笨拙的，4. awkward 笨拙的、尴尬的，5. fatuous 愚昧的，6. idiotic 愚蠢的，7. blunt 迟钝的;卑鄙：1. mean 卑鄙的、刻薄的，2. shameless 无耻的、不要脸的，3. ignominious 可耻的、不光彩的，4. filthy 污秽的;善良：1. kind-hearted 好心肠的、善良的，2. humane 仁慈的、高尚的，3. merciful 仁
5、慈的，4. pitiful 慈悲的，5. facile 随和的，6. affable 和蔼可亲的二、描述人的性格正面的形容kind 亲切友好的considerate 体贴的懂得照顾他人感受的funny 很逗的a good sense of humour 有幽默感的honest 实诚的reliable 可靠的straightforward 坦率的，不藏着掖着不拐弯抹角的cheerful 情绪总是很好的optimistic 乐观的positive 积极的负面的形容selfish 自私的self-centered 以自我为中心的self-obsessed 自恋的自我陶醉的insincere 虚伪的，
6、口是心非的moody 喜怒无常，翻脸如翻书的dull 迟钝的，呆滞的grumpy 脾气很坏很暴躁的三、描述人的情绪赞同positive adj.肯定的, 实际的, 积极的, , 确实的favorable adj.赞成的, 有利的, 赞许的, 良好的approval n. 赞成, 承认, 正式批准enthusiasm n.狂热, 热心, 积极性supportive adj.支持的，支援的defensive 为而辩护 否定negative adj.否定的, 消极的, 负的, 阴性的disapproval 不赞成objection 异议opposition 反对critical 批评的critici
7、sm 批评批判disgust vi.令人厌恶, 令人反感vt.使作呕warningdetestation n.憎恶, 厌恶的人, 嫌恶indignation 愤慨contempt n.轻视, 轻蔑, 耻辱, 不尊敬compromising n.妥协, 折衷v.妥协, 折衷worried adj.闷闷不乐的,焦虑的 怀疑suspicion n.猜疑, 怀疑suspicious adj.( of) 可疑的, 怀疑的doubtdoubtful adj.可疑的, 不确的, 疑心的questionpuzzling adj.使迷惑的, 使莫明其妙的客观 (即好的坏的都说，选的可能性极大)objective
8、 adj.客观的neutral adj.中立的impartial adj.公平的, 不偏不倚的disinterested adj.无私的imprejudiced adj.没有偏见的unbiased adj.没有偏见的unprejudiced adj.公平的, 无偏见的, 没有成见的detached 不含个人偏见的主观subjective adj.主观的, 个人的indifference n.不关心tolerance n.宽容，容忍，忍受pessimism n.悲观, 悲观主义gloomy adj.黑暗的, 阴沉的, 令人沮丧的, 阴郁的optimistic adj.乐观的sensitive 有
9、感觉的, 敏感锐的,易受伤害的scared adj.恐惧的reserved adj.保留的, 包租的consent vi.同意, 赞成, 答应n.同意, 赞成, 允诺radical adj.激进的moderate adj.中等的, 适度的, 适中的v.缓和mild adj.温和的, 温柔的, 淡味的, 轻微的, 适度的ironic adj.说反话的, 讽刺的confused adj.困惑的, 烦恼的amazed adj.吃惊的, 惊奇的worriedconcerned adj.关心的, 有关的apprehensive adj.担忧，担心mixed 喜忧参半biased 有偏见的indignan
10、t adj.愤怒的, 愤慨的积极objective 客观的concerned 关注的confident adj.自信的, 确信的interested adj.感兴趣的, 有成见的, 有权益的optimistic adj.乐观的positive 正面的impressive adj.给人深刻印象的, 感人的中立/折中impartial adj.公平的, 不偏不倚的neutral 中立的impersonal adj.非个人的factual adj.事实的, 实际的,根据事实的detached 不含个人偏见的四、逻辑关系词先后次序：first of all, next, before, after,
11、previously, eventually, finally 并列关系：and, too, at the same time, meanwhile, in the meantime递进关系：also, moreover, in addition, furthermore, besides, not only, on top of that转折关系：but, however, though, whereas, nevertheless, in fact, instead 让步关系：although, though, despite, in spite of, even though因果关系：s
12、o, thus, hence, as a result, consequently, reason, because, for, due to, conversely对照关系：like, similarly, in a similar manner对比关系：different from, unlike, by contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, conversely解释关系：that is to say, in other words, this means条件关系：if, unless, once, provided that, in
13、case (of), had I known, were this to happen举例关系：for example, for instance, in this case, namely, such as, a case in point 归纳总结：on the whole, in brief, to sum up, in conclusion, in summary, to conclude, in short读后续写中词块的运用举例示例1：“笑”的描写smile brightly; laugh; beam; light (sth) up; light up with; burst in
14、to laughter; burst out laughing；wear a bright/broad smile; give sb a smile【演练1】看到直升飞机，Jane 高兴地笑了起来。At the sight of the helicopter, Jane beamed with wild joy.Seeing the helicopter, Jane beamed with wild joy.The moment she caught sight of the helicopter, Janes eyes/ face lit up with delight.The moment
15、 she caught sight of the helicopter, a bright smile lit up Janes face/eyes.示例2：描写高兴与激动 dance; whistle; jump/leap with joy; feel a surge of happiness/delight/joy/excitement; be overcome with happiness/delight/joy/excitement;(ones eyes) twinkle；(ones heart) beat/pound wildly happy; delighted; overjoye
16、d; excited; thrilled; wild with joy【演练2】当她知道考试结果时，她兴奋极了。When she knew the result of the test, she felt excited/ thrilled.When she knew the result of the test, her eyes twinkled with excitement.When she knew the result of the test, her heart was pounding with wild joy.When she knew the result of the
17、test, a wild excitement took hold of her.Knowing the result of the test, she felt a surge of excitement.示例3：:描写生气feel/get angry/furious; feel a surge of anger(rage/fury); eyes blaze; storm out of/into/off ; storm(say angrily);sth. makes sbs blood boil(sth makes sb extremely angry); clasp ones hands;
18、 clench ones fists/teeth; speechless【演练3】Sam 感到非常生气。Sam felt very angry.Sam stood rooted to the spot, his eyes blazing with anger.Sam felt so angry that he stormed out of the room, slamming the door furiously behind him.Boiling with rage, Sam shook his fist at me.Filled with fury, Sam was unable to
19、utter a single word.实践强化31阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I Owe You ThanksMrs. Crawley, a large woman, often worked into night at a hotel beauty-shop. She was walking alone with a large heavy back-pack at about eleven oclock one night when a boy named Jack ran up behind her and tried to snatch
20、(抢夺) her pack.The packs strap (带子) broke. The boys weight and the weight of the pack combined cased him to lose his balance, so Jack fell on his back on the sidewalk. Mrs. Crawley simply turned around and picked the boy up by his shirt front.The woman did not release Jack. “Im very sorry, lady, Im s
21、orry,” he whispered in an embarrassed (尴尬的) voice.Mrs. Crawley said, looking at his face, “Now I got a great mind to wash your face. Its dirty! Did you have nobody home to tell you to wash your face?”“No, Maam,” said Jack.“Then it will get washed this evening,” said Mrs. Crawley starting up the stre
22、et dragging Jack behind her. “You ought to be my son. I would teach you right from wrong. Least I can do right now is to wash your face. Are you hungry?”“Yes, Maam,” said the being dragged boy.When getting to her door, Mrs. Crawley dragge Jack inside.“You go to that sink and wash your face, and Im g
23、oing to fix us something to eat. Youre hungry or been hungry to try to snatch my pack.” said the woman, turning Jack loose. He went to the sink.“I wanted a pair of blue suede shoes,” said Jack.“Well, you didnt have to snatch my pack to get your suede shoes,” said Mrs. Crawley. “You could have asked
24、me.”“Maam?”The water dripping from his face, Jack looked at her. There was a long pause. A very long pause.Then supper was ready, with a bite of cakes cooked for each. Mrs. Crawley set the table.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。She did not ask Jack anything that would embarrass him as they ate._
25、“Shoes got in that way will make you uncomfortable,” continued Ms. Crawley, ready to get her rest._/_2阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I need to do something in my community (社区) in order to complete the community service hours required to graduate from high school. Some of my friends had signe
26、d up to spend time at a soup kitchen, so I did, too. It seemed like a good thing to do.I thought that we would just be passing our dinners to those in need, but I found out we would be doing everything from preparing to serving the dinner. We began preparing the food, from mixing salad dressing to s
27、eparating frozen meat. Much still needed to be done before dinner was served, but already outside the building many homeless people were gathering. It wasnt until a couple of hours later that we opened the doors and began serving dinner.As the line of people came toward me, I got a little scared. Id
28、 come face to face with the homeless: How should I act? How would they treat me? Would they hate me for having more than they did? While some of the people looked very friendly, some of them looked so dangerous, I didnt have too much time to worry about it. I was assigned (分配) to serve the salad wit
29、h the lady next to me. She smiled at me and said if I needed help, shed be right there, which I found quite comforting. I had never seen so many people wanting food. They were of all ages and nationalities. Most of them wore clothes that were torn and dirty. Some looked like they had totally given u
30、p on life, while others seemed to be making the best of the situation, smiling and joking. Some were better off than others, but they all needed a good meal and a warm place to eat. It saddened me to think of how many people there were who didnt have a place to call home and the only food they got c
31、ame from a soup kitchen.注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。As they came in my direction, I put on my brightest and happiest smile._I was so happy that I had earned my service hours in this way. _3阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Last winter, Linda went through a very messy divorce and was ve
32、ry depressed. So she quit her job and left Los Angeles, where she encountered her ex-husband in college. She flew to Boston on the east coast of the US. Later, she settled in a new neighborhood in East Boston. However, shortly afterwards, the company where she worked went bankrupt (破产). Suffering a
33、series of bitter blows, she fell ill, a severe case of flu. She had to stay at home for the whole week, feeling extremely bad and hopeless.Early one morning, Linda lay in bed, feeling painful all over. Then all of a sudden, there was an upsetting knock on her front door. Struggling out of the bed, s
34、he dragged herself to the window. There, outside, she saw a young lady carefully holding some leaflets(传单)and a TV set model. She knew of a large TV set establishment nearby and assumed a message was about to be gently delivered. “This is the last thing I need today.” She muttered to herself and hes
35、itantly opened the door.Coughing bitterly, Linda stuck her head out. “Excuse me, madam” the young lady said with a smile. “Im sorry but I am not the slightest bit interested in any TV whatever.” Linda interrupted her impatiently. “As a matter of fact, I am feeling terribly awful.” “Is there anything
36、 I can do for you, madam?” the young lady asked with concern. “No thanks, just leave me alone.” Linda then shut the door in her face. The young lady politely turned and left in silence.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1:A few hours later, another knock._Paragraph 2:Linda was s
37、urprised by this loving action. _4阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Jimmy Gilleece owns a bar in Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina. He is a person who knew how to lend a hand, but what people around him did not know was that this man was also capable of going the extra mile just to help someone
38、in need.It was a regular day at his bar, which turned out to be a day that would change his life forever. He found out that one of his customers had lost her wallet at the bar, and inside it was a precious thing: the ladys wedding ring.Jimmy instantly recognized the womans panic. She wanted to get h
39、er wedding ring back. She was crazy, really upset about it. And so, the bar owner made sure to provide whatever help he could to find the womans ring. He even made it his mission to find the womans wedding ring.Then Jimmys mission began. In order to find out what exactly happened, Jimmy started a thorough scan of the security cameras in his establishment. He watched three hours worth of security footage from six cameras, scanning every detail and closely analyzing wha