《南京市译林版牛津英语8B+Unit+8+单词知识点讲义.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《南京市译林版牛津英语8B+Unit+8+单词知识点讲义.doc（2页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、8B Unit 8 单词知识点讲义1. dig vt. & vi. 挖（洞，沟等） digging dig-dug-dugThey are digging a hole. 他们正在挖一个洞。Others like coal, oil and natural gas are dug up from the ground. 2. serious adj. (not joking)；严肃的 Food safety is a serious problem. 食品安全是一个严肃的问题The teacher looked serious. 老师看上去严肃 严重的serious air pollution
2、 严重的空气污染Dont worry. There is nothing serious. 认真的He is serious about his studies. 他对他的学习很认真。seriously adv. 严肃地，认真地He was seriously/badly/very ill. 他病得很厉害take sth seriously 认真对待English is useful. You should take it seriously.3. breadfruit n. 面包果（pl）breadfruit4. reduce vt. & vi. 减少,降低（make sth. smalle
3、r or less in size, price, etc. )reduces reduced -reducingWe must do something to reduce air pollution. 我们必须采取措施去减少空气污染。5. turn off/on（开关） turn off the light/tap = turn the light/tap off关灯/水龙头Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room. turn up/down （音量）调大或调小 The music is too noisy. Pleas
4、e turn it down a little.音乐太吵了，把声音开小点。turn it/them on 打开它（们） turn it up/down6. recycle vt . 回收利用，循环利用( treat sth. used so that it can be used again)We can protect the environment by recycling waste. recycle empty bottles 回收空瓶子Old shoes and clothes can be _. 旧的鞋子衣服可以被循环利用。recycling n. 再循环Some old clot
5、hes are sent to factories for _.一些旧衣服被送到工厂回收利用。7. cause vt . 导致；造成 （make happen）What caused the accident.cause sb to do sthWhat caused you to change your plan? Too many cars cause air pollution.太多的车造成空气污染 cause trouble 引起麻烦n. 原因The heavy rain was the cause of the flood. 大雨是导致洪水的原因。8. wise adj. 明智的，充
6、满智慧的wise-wiser-wisest Its wise of people to choose public transport or ride bicycles.人们选择公共交通或汽车是明智的。wisely adv. 明智地，充满智慧地 You should spend your pocket money wisely. 你应该理智地花费你的零花钱。wisdom n. 智慧Yellow is the colour of wisdom.黄色是智慧之色。9. plastic n. u 塑料 a lot of plastic 许多塑料10. separate vt. & vi. 分开，隔开（
7、putinto different groups）separateinto 将分类，分组Glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups.玻璃，塑料和纸被分成不同类。be separated into 被分成separatefrom 把和分开11. allow（let sb do sth） vt. 允许 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事We are not allowed to cut down trees. 我们不允许砍树。These chil
8、dren are allowed to watch TV after class. 孩子们课后不允许看电视。Smoking isnt allowed in public places. Children under 18 shouldnt be allowed to drive cars.The little was crying because her mother didnt allow her the ice cream.A. eat B. eats C. to eat D. ate12.cut down 砍倒 They used to cut down trees but now th
9、ey are used to planting trees.他们过去砍树现在习惯了种树。cut in 打断，插嘴Dont cut in while others are talking.cut in on sb 打断某某 Its impolite to cut in on others. cut out 剪出 cut off剪掉 cut up切碎 cutinto pieces13. punish vt.处罚， 惩罚 (punishes) punishment n. 处罚You will be punished if your homework isnt handed in on time. 如
10、果作业没有按时交，你要受惩罚。publish sb for (doing) sthThe teacher often punishes the boy for making the same mistake.他因为犯相同的错误经常被老师批评。The new traffic rules say drivers mustnt drive if they are drunk, or they will .A. punish B. be punished C. agree D. be agree14. fine vt. 罚款Dont park your car here, or youll be fi
11、ned. 不要在这儿停车， 否则你要被罚款。15. limit vt. 限制 There are laws to limit air pollution now. 现在有限制空气污染的法律。 The number of the students is limited here. 这儿学生数量受限制。16. depend on/upon 依靠，取决于We depend on its rich resources to live. 我们依靠它丰富的资源生活。We must depend on ourselves. Nobody can help us. 我们必须依靠我们自己， 没有人能帮助我们。W
12、e are planning to go for a picnic this weekend, but it the weather.A. keeps on B. puts on C. carries on D. depends on 17. rich adj.丰富的， richer-richest His knowledge is richer than mine. 他的知识比我丰富。He is a doctor with rich experience.他是一个经验丰富的医生。be rich in sth. 在-富有He is rich in the knowledge of histor
13、y.adj.富裕的 The rich should try their best to help the poor. 18. resource n.资源natural resources 自然资源 Resources like oil, coal can not be produced any more. 像石油,煤炭那样的资源不可以再生。Do we have enough resources? 19. run out 用完 耗尽 The money has run out. So we have to walk home. 钱用完了，所以我们不得不步行回家。run out of sth 用完
14、-Dont run out of your spare time on computer games. 不要在电脑游戏上花光你的空余时间。run out 跑出去 He ran out as soon as he heard the news.20. produce vt. 导致，产生This kind of machine is produced in that company. 这家公司生产这种机器。These trees dont produce fruit. 这些树不结果。They produce little pollution. 他们几乎不产生污染。produce air pollu
15、tion 导致空气污染 produce rice 生产稻米Energy from the sun produces little pollution. 太阳能几乎不产生污染。21. difference n. 差异，不同(可数)make a difference to sb/sth 有影响，起作用This exam will make a difference to me .这次考试将对我们有很大的影响。Her illness makes no difference to her singing competition. 她的病对她的歌唱比赛没产生任何影响。tell the differenc
16、es between them 说出他们之间的区别The twins look almost the same. We cant tell the difference between them.different adj. 不同的 be different from 与不同Your idea is different from mine. different-difference confident-confidence silent-silence patient-patience 22. display vt. & vi. 展示，陈列 What will be displayed at
17、the show? 在展览会上将展示什么呢？display a map on the table 把地图展示在桌上n. on display /show展览，陈列A lot of works of art are on display. 23. pollute vt. 污染; polluted adj. 被污染的; We should make laws to stop people from polluting the river/air. a polluted river 一条被污染的河流pollution n. u 污染less air pollution 更少的空气污染24. harm
18、 vt. & n. 伤害，损害 harm sb =do harm to sb 伤害某人Polluted air and water are harmful to/ do harm to peoples health. 受到污染的空气和水对人们的健康有害。harmful adj. 有害的 harmless adj. 无害的be harmful /harmless to 对有/无害This water is harmless . You can drink it. A little wine will not be to your health. Just dont drink too much.
19、 . A. helpful B. helpless C. harmful D. harmless25. living adj. 活着的，活的 living things 生物 the living 生者living n. 生存，生机 make a living 谋生 living conditions 生存条a living room起居室26. survey n. 调查 make/do a survey on sth 做一个关于的调查27. empty adj. 空的 (full) an empty room 一间空房间 recycle empty bottles 回收利用空瓶子There
20、is nothing in thee box . It is empty. 28. dust n. 灰尘，尘土 a lot of dust 许多灰尘 reduce dust 减少灰尘 29. soil n. u土壤Plants grow well in good soil. 作物在肥沃的土壤里长得好。 30. in place 在正确的位置keep soil in place保持土壤I like everything to be in place. 我喜欢每件东西都放在应放的位置上。 out of place 不整齐； in place of 代替take the place of sb. =
21、 take ones place 代替某人的位置31. coal n. u煤32. gas n.u 气体；煤气Gas is cheaper than coal. 煤气比煤便宜。She cooks with gas. 她用煤气烧饭。 33. oil n. u 石油；原油；实用油；olive oil橄榄油 salad oil色拉油Our country is rich in oil. 我国石油丰富。 Do you cook your vegetables with much oil? 你炒菜用油多吗？ 34. form vt. & vi. 形成；n. 表格Clouds are forming on
22、 the top of the hill.云正在山顶上形成。 Coal ,oil and natural gas are dug up from the ground. They will be formed over thousands or even millions of years. 煤炭，石油和天然气是从地下被挖出来的，它们要超过成千上万甚至上百万年才会形成。 form the habit of 养成-的习惯 Its necessary for us to form the habit of getting up early. Please fill in this applicat
23、ion form. 请填这份申请表。 35. carelessly adv. 满不在乎地；粗心地do ones homework carelessly 粗心地做作业litter carelessly/ drop litter carelessly Daniel did the exercises too_( 粗心 ) , and it made his teacher very angry.36. reuse vt. 再使用(use again)；use reuse; start restart; turn return; tell retell reuse paper 再使用纸；reuse
24、water 再使用水37. simple adj. 简单的(easy to do or understand)I did the work quickly because it was so simple.因为这项工作很简单，所以我很快就做完了。 I can understand the book because its written in simple English. 我能读懂这本书因为它是用简单的英语写的。 simply adv. 简单地；简直The questions can be answered quite . 这些问题回答起来很容易。 His handwriting is te
25、rrible. 他的字写得简直糟透了。 38. step n. 步骤；措施； 脚步 v. 踏；踩the first step 第一步 take some simple steps 采取一些措施take the following steps 采取下列一些措施 take steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事Follow these small steps, and you can make a big difference to the Earth.hear steps 听到脚步声 v. 踏；踩 I step on ones foot 踩某人的脚 39. power n. 电力；力量
26、; powerful adj. 身强力壮的；劲儿大的turn off power 关掉电 have a power cut停电 Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。look powerful = look strong 看起来身强力壮make sb. look more powerful 使某人看起来更有力量根据中文、英文提示及句意写单词。1.I think its a very _(严重的)matter.2.They spoke to me very _（严肃）but politely.3.Its _（明智的）of him to take the doctors advic
27、e.4.She is a woman of great _（智慧）.5.His mother is _（分开）the good apples from the bad ones.6.Glass, plastic and can be _（分开）into different groups.7.Smoking isnt _（let sb. do sth.）in this restaurant.8. All living things _(依靠)on the sun for their growth.9. This kind of machine is _(生产)in Shanghai. 10.Th
28、ere are many _(不同)between American English and British English.11. Never mind .His words will make no _(差异) to me. 12. Look, the children have (挖) something on the playground. 13. My English teacher is _(not joking ) man. 14.There are so many students here. You should _（put something into different
29、groups）them into groups . 15. I think your mobile phone is made of (塑料). 16. Some old clothes are sent to the factories for _(treat sth. used so that it can be used again) waste.17.Drinking too much Coke _(伤害) the childrens health. 18.There is a lot of _(灰尘) in the sky. You should close the windows.
30、 19.I want to know the result of the _(调查).20.We have the most richest _ (土壤) in the world. 21.The passage explains why bubbles can be _(形成). 22.Water changes into the _ (气体). 23.How many _ (步骤) are there to make a model plane? 24.Watching too much TV is (有害的) to your eyes.25.-You did your homework too _. Therere so many spelling mistakes. -Sorry. I will be careful next time. 第 2 页 共 2 页