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1、.高考单词识记思考运用1.核心词汇_ vi.&vt.乘；增加_ vi.&vt.碰撞；坠落_ vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽_ vt.&vi.使浮动；使漂浮 n.漂浮物_ vt.&vi.使迷惑；使为难 n.谜；难题_ vi.生存；存在 existence n.存在；生存_ adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 _ n.暴力_ adj.有害的 _ n.&vt.伤害，损害答案multiplycrashexhaustfloatpuzzleexist violent；violenceharmful；harm 2.常考词汇unlike prep._pull n.&vt._gentle adj._thus adv.
2、_mass n._gravity n._fundamental adj._ fundament n._religion n._religious adj._biology n._biologist n._biological adj._physicist n._physics n._extinct adj._extinction n._答案与不同；不像拉(力)；拖；牵引力温和的；文雅的 因此；于是质量；团；块；大量；(复)群众万有引力；重力基本的；基础的基础，根本 宗教；宗教信仰宗教的生物学生物学家生物学的物理学家物理学灭绝的；绝种的灭绝 用所给单词的适当形式填空1.It can be qui
3、te an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in _(exist).(2016全国，阅读C)2.I began to learn this when I had my car _(crash).(2016天津，阅读B)3.One important _(biology)factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.(2016四川，七选五)4.Some people may think tha
4、t a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and _(mass)of color.(2016全国，七选五)5.Daydreams are often very simple and direct，quite _(like)sleep dreams，which may be hard to understand.(2015北京，七选五)6.However，_(physics)Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way.(2015四川，阅读E)7.Some experts
5、think reading is the _(fundament)skill upon which school education depends.(2015安徽，28)8.There was a _(puzzle)look on the little girls face because a _(puzzle)problem _(puzzle)her.答案1.existence2.crashed 3.biological4.masses5.unlike 6.physicist7.fundamental8.puzzled；puzzling；puzzled【联想积累】“推，拉”家族pull n
6、.&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力draw vt.&vi.拖，拉drag vt.&n.拖，拉，拽push v.&n.推，推动(力)“碰、撞”家族hit v.碰撞，打击crash v.碰撞；坠落bump n.&v.撞；碰撞(声)collide v.碰撞；相撞collision n.撞击；碰撞run into 撞上knock into 撞上knock together相撞后缀-ist必备名词荟萃archaeologist 考古学家biologist 生物学家chemist 化学家physicist 物理学家psychologist 心理学家specialist 专家sociologist 社会学家sc
7、ientist 科学家typist 打字员tourist 旅游者，游客.重点短语识记思考运用1.动词介词/副词cheer _ 感到高兴；感到振奋depend _ 依靠；取决于break _ 突发；爆发block _ 挡住(光线)prevent._ 阻止；制止答案uponoutout from2.动词名词(介词)_ eggs 下蛋_ birth to 产生；分娩_ the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解答案laygiveget3.其他形式_ that 既然_ time 及时；终于_ ones turn 轮到某人；接着watch out _ 密切注意；当心；提防答案nowininfor用左栏所给
8、短语的适当形式填空1.The manager wants to see changes in the company，and I am sure he will _.(2013陕西，24)2._！You must believe in yourself and you will get success.3._ sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly while driving.4.Youd better come up with a good idea to _ her _，otherwise she may give up halfway.
9、5.A fierce fight _ between the two brothers just because of a small thing.答案 1.in time 2.Cheer up 3.Watch out for 4.cheer；up 5.broke out【联想积累】“动词from”短语一览keep/stop/prevent.from阻止；制止separate.from 把和分离开differ from 与不同suffer from 受苦hear from 收到的来信die from 因而死learn from 向学习result from 由于date from 始于时期be
10、nefit from受益于 .经典句式识记思考运用原句背诵感悟1.“Oh，dear，”I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”2.The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.地球变得如此激烈动荡以至于不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。句型公式仿写1.now that引导原因状语从句_(既然你对
11、中国传统文化感兴趣)，I thought this festival would be a worthwhile experience for you.(2015全国，书面表达)2.whether.or not是否，引导名词性从句She was in doubt_(她是否正确).答案1.Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture2.whether she was right or not 【联想积累】表示原因的连词(短语)小结(1)now(that)相当于since，是连词短语，用来引导原因状语从句，口语中经常省略tha
12、t。(2)because因为(语气较重，常用于回答why引导的疑问句)。(3)since因为；既然(可与now that互换)，as因为(语气较弱)。(4)for因为(并列连词，引导一个分句，不能置于句首，表示进一步的补充说明)。单 词 点 睛1.exist vi.存在，在于教材原句They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.他们也生蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。高考必备词汇精讲精练(1)exist in存在于存在于之中之中exist onlive on靠靠为生为生There exi
13、st(s)/existed.某地有某地有/存在存在(2)existence n.存在；生存存在；生存come into existence产生；成立；开始存在产生；成立；开始存在【特别提醒】exist没有被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用You cant imagine what difficulty they have existing _ the money hes earning.Im lucky because I know my first home still exist.Ever since a long time ago，_(存在着)differen
14、t opinions among scientists on how the universe first _(存在).答 案 on existexists there have existed；existed/came into existence 2.puzzle n.谜；难题 vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难教材原句How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.地球生命如何起源是科学家们觉得很难解决的最大的难题之一。(1)a puzzle一件让人感到困
15、惑的事情一件让人感到困惑的事情be in a puzzle不知如何是好不知如何是好be in a puzzle aboutbe puzzled about对对迷惑不解迷惑不解(2)puzzle over/about苦思冥想；绞尽脑汁苦思冥想；绞尽脑汁(3)puzzling adj.令人困惑的令人困惑的puzzled adj.感到困惑的感到困惑的【特别提醒】puzzled意为“迷惑的，不解的”，往往用于指人或人的表情、脸色等；puzzling意为“令人迷惑的，让人不解的”，往往指物。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用She gave me a hug and asked me to think a
16、bout it.I was _(puzzle).(2014天津，完形)The firemen were in puzzle about the cause of the fire.People have long _(对感到困惑)how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.(2015四川，阅读E)答案puzzledpuzzle前加a(been)puzzled over/about/been in a puzzle over/about 3.pull n.&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力教材原句As the rocket rose into the air，we
17、were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.随着火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。pull away(汽车等汽车等)开走开走pull down拆毁；摧毁拆毁；摧毁pull in(车辆车辆)进站停靠；靠边停靠进站停靠；靠边停靠pull out驶出；拉出，拔出驶出；拉出，拔出pull up把把拉过来；拉过来；(使使)停下停下单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用When they _(pull)the carpet up in
18、my old bedroom，they found the ring.(2013福建，阅读A)They were so deeply involved in the matter that they found it hard to pulling out.It was impossible for Joe to climb back or for Simon _(把他拽上来).(2014全国，完形)答案pulledpullingpullto pull him up 1.harmful adj.有害的；伤害的教材原句What many scientists believe is that th
19、e continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使得地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。常考必会词汇理解辨认单句语法填空/单句阅读理解(说出黑体部分的语义)Even if it contains evidence that wind farms are _(harm)，it will hardly be a pleasant surprise to people who dont
20、like them.(2014福建，阅读E)These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，causing/doing serious harm to life and the environment.(2013安徽，书面表达)Smoking can be harmful to your health.答案harmful对造成严重的破坏 对有害 2.violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的教材原句The earth became so violent that it was not clear whethe
21、r the shape would last or not.地球(开始)变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。单句语法填空/单句阅读理解(说出黑体部分的语义)Anne says，“Kindness can build on itself as much as _(violent)can.”(2014广东，阅读B)All in all，watching the violent movies not only has bad effects on peoples mental health，but can also cause more hurts in our life.A vio
22、lent storm hit the city last night，which caused a lot of damage.答案violence暴力电影暴风雨 短 语 点 拨 1.in time 及时；终于；迟早高考佳句We arrived in the summer，just in time to enjoy the midnight sun.(2014四川，阅读B)我们夏季到达，恰好赶上欣赏午夜太阳的奇景。in no time立刻，马上立刻，马上on time准时准时at times有时有时at a time每次，逐一每次，逐一at one time一度；曾经一度；曾经at no ti
23、me决不，从不决不，从不(用在句首时，句子要部分倒装用在句首时，句子要部分倒装)单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用Im writing this letter to express my apology to you for not writing you back _ time.(2013山东，书面表达)At no time they actually break the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.As a proverb goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”Our effo
24、rts _(迟早会有所回报).(2014山东，书面表达)答案inthey前加didwill pay off in time 2.prevent.from 阻止；制止教材原句They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere，which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。prevent/stop.(from)doing sthkeep.from doing sth阻阻止止做某事做某事
25、keep.doing sth使使一直做某事一直做某事protect.from保护保护不受不受侵袭；挡住；防御侵袭；挡住；防御【特别提醒】(1)在 主 动 语 态 中，stop和 prevent的 搭 配 中 可 省 去 from；而keep.from doing sth中的from不可省略。(2)在被动语态里，这三个搭配中的from均不可省略。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用Beehives(蜂 窝)either recorded or realmay even prevent elephants from _(damage)farmers crops.(2014安徽，阅读B)If you a
26、re prevented coming，will you let me know ahead of time?In that case，eat before the flight，or an empty stomach will _(让你睡不着觉).(2015重庆，完形)答案damagingprevented后加fromprevent/stop you(from)sleeping/keep you from sleeping 句 式 透 析1.教材原句But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried twice as far as o
27、n the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。倍数表达式：倍数表达式：(1)倍数倍数as.as.(2)倍数比较级倍数比较级than(3)倍数倍数the size/height/length/width.of.(4)倍数倍数what从句从句单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes _ those who wrote by hand.(2014辽宁，阅读A)Young people we
28、re several times much likely to be out of work than older members of the workforce.The room is _(三倍大)that one.答案asmuchmorethree times the size of/three times as large as/twice larger than2.教材原句This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop.这引起了连锁反应，为生命的发展提供了可能。本本句句是是“make
29、it形形容容词词/名名词词(for.)to do sth”句句型型。其其中中it为为形形式式宾宾语语，指指代代后后面面的的不不定定式式结结构构。it作作形形式式宾宾语语，除除指指代不定式结构外，还可指代代不定式结构外，还可指代that引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用New technology has made it possible _(communicate)more easily.People in the West make it a rule to buying Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.The law makes it possible _(更多来自不发达地区的学生上大学).答案to communicatebuyingbuyfor more students from less-developed areas to be admitted to universities