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1、Module 4 Carnival IntroductionMatch the festivals with the descriptions.CarnivalHoliHalloweenThanksgiving DayChristmas1. This is a Christian festival which comes in the middle of winter. 2. This is a festival of colour, which marks the beginning of spring in India. 3. People love wearing special clo
2、thes for this festival. 4. This is when Americans remember the hard times when they first arrived in the country. 5. This festival is at the end of October, when ghosts come out. Look at the photo below and answer the questions.1. What is the person wearing? 2. Have you ever dressed up in special cl
3、othes? 3. When and why did you do it? 4. What did you wear? 5. How did you feel?Check the things you do during festivals. Discuss which of these things you enjoy most.1. wear special clothes 2. eat special food 3. give or receive gifts 4. have a holiday from school 5. take part in a traditional cere
4、mony 6. dance and listen to music 7. enjoy yourself with friends or familyReading and Vocabulary The Magic of the MaskThink of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion. The sounds and sights change from one country to another but the excitement is the same everywhere.Carnival comes
5、 from two Latin words, meaning no more meat. In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter. People saw Carnival as a last chance to have fun at the end of the winter season. Having fun meant eating, drinking, and
6、dressing up.The most famous carnival in Europe was in Venice. At the beginning, it lasted for just one day. People ate, drank, and wore masks. As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas. For weeks on end people walked round the streets wearing ma
7、sks, doing what they wanted without being recognised. Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret. Many crimes went unpunished.The government realised that wearing masks had become a problem. Their use was limited by laws, the
8、first of which dates back to the fourteenth century. Men were not allowed to wear masks at night; and they were not allowed to dress up as women. In later times more laws were passed. People who wore masks could not carry firearms; and no one could enter a church wearing a mask. If they broke the la
9、ws, they were put into prison for up to two years. Finally, when Venice became part of the Austrian empire, at the end of the eighteenth century, masks were banned completely, and carnival became just a memory.But in the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students. They began making masks and o
10、rganising parties, and threw bits of brightly coloured paper (called coriandoli) at tourists. The town council realised that carnival was good for business, and the festival was developed for tourists.Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February. People arrive from all over Euro
11、pe to enjoy the fun. Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes. German, French and English seem to be the main languages. But the spirit of Venice carnival is not quite the same as the great American carnivals. If the key to Rio is music and movement, then in
12、 Venice it is the mystery of the mask. As you wander through the streets, you see thousands of masks elegant or frightening, sad or amusing, traditional or modern but you have no idea what the faces behind them look like. Nobody takes them off. If the masks come off, the magic is lost.Complete the s
13、entences with the correct words and phrases.1. Carnival originates from _.North AmericaSouth AmericaEurope2. It is celebrated _.between Christmas and Easterbefore Christmasafter Easter3. At carnival people _.dont eat meatdont eateat and drink4. The first carnival in Venice lasted for _.five daysone
14、dayforty days5. In Venice people covered their _ with masks.faceseyeshair6. The government of Venice _ the wearing of masks.limitedencouragedstopped7. The original Venice carnival came to an end about _ years ago.200500308. The idea to start the carnival again came from _.studentstouriststhe governm
15、entMatch the words in the box with their meanings.atmosphere; confusion; costume; crowd; excitement; magic; mask; mystery; tradition 1. a situation where things do not seem well organised: 2. When you feel this, your heart beats fast: 3. If you wear this, it hides your face and your feelings: 4. som
16、ething you cant explain: 5. a power which doesnt seem to be natural: 6. special clothes: 7. lots of people in the same place: 8. a way of doing things passed on from generation to generation: 9. the air you breathe, but also the feeling a place gives you: Choose the correct meanings of the words and
17、 phrases.1. If you dress up, you put on _.special clotheslots of clothes2. If you extend something, you make it _.shorterlonger3. If you pretend to do something, you _.behave as if you were doing ittry to do it4. When a crime is unpunished, the criminal _.hasnt been caughthas been caught5. Firearms
18、are _.fireworksguns6. If something is banned, you are _ to do it.not allowedallowed7. If you revive something, you _.bring it back to lifekill it8. If you are wandering, you are _ in a particular direction.not goinggoingCultural Corner The Meaning of CarnivalCarnival today is an international, multi
19、cultural experience. But how did it become so? To understand what carnival is all about, we need to look at the history of America and the meeting of two cultures European and African.The arrival of Europeans in America, and the opening of huge farms and plantations to grow cotton, fruit and vegetab
20、les, meant there was an immediate need for people to work on them. This marked the beginning of the slave trade. For more than two hundred years, until the beginning of the 19th century, when the trade was finally stopped, millions of people were taken by force from their homes in Africa and transpo
21、rted to the New World to work as slaves. Six million were taken to the Caribbean islands where there were British and French landowners.Naturally, the Europeans also imported their own festivals. So the slaves were forced to watch as their masters celebrated carnival with food, drink, and masked dan
22、ces. In Trinidad, the slaves began to hold their own carnival celebrations: they painted their faces white, imitating their masters and making fun of them. But at the same time they were continuing their own African traditions such as walking round a village wearing masks and singing a custom which
23、they thought would bring good luck.When the slave trade was abolished in 1838 the former slaves took over the carnival. It became more colourful and more exciting than it had been before. Magnificent costumes were made and musical bands created. Carnival became a celebration of freedom.With the pass
24、ing of time, the white inhabitants of the island began to take part in the carnival, too and they were welcomed by their former slaves. Carnival became a way to unite different communities, as people forgot their everyday problems and enjoyed themselves eating, drinking, and dancing. Today, visitors
25、 from all over the world come to this small state in the Caribbean to join in the fun. Carnival has become a celebration of life itself.Grammar Read the sentences and answer the questions.The sentences:1. In the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students. 2. Today, carnival in Venice is celebr
26、ated for five days in February.The questions:1. Which sentence refers to the present? 2. Which sentence refers to the past? 3. Which sentence shows who did something? 4. What does by show?Complete the passage using the correct form of the verbs.The origins of carnival are ancient. Festivals similar
27、to carnival (hold) before the Christian era. They (celebrate) the return of spring after winter. In the Roman period the date of the festival (decide) by the Christian calendar. People (want) to enjoy themselves because carnival (follow) by forty days without meat. When the New World (discover), the
28、 Spanish and Portuguese settlers (bring) carnival with them. But in the New World, many elements of African culture, such as music and costume (add) to the festival by people of African origin. Today, carnival (become) a truly international festival.In Venice the carnival (celebrate) for five days i
29、n February. It begins on Thursday with a ceremony which (know) as the volo della colombina the flight of the dove. A young woman dressed as a dove (climb) to the top of the bell tower in St Marks Square, and (fly) to the ground. In fact, they use ropes to control her flight. The event (watch) by tho
30、usands of masked people in the square. When the dove lands, two big guns (fire). It is the signal for the celebrations to begin.Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice.Example:In the late 1970s students revived the tradition of carnival.The tradition of carnival was revived by students in the lat
31、e 1970s. Tourists from all over the world visit Venice. . Trained artists make many of the carnival masks. . Rich people gave parties every day for a month. . The Portuguese and the Spanish took carnival to South America. . In London the West Indian community created the Notting Hill Carnival. . Tod
32、ay millions of people enjoy carnival. .Vocabulary and Listening Look at the food in the picture. Which of these words can you use to describe it? Say which things you eat at a festival.beans; cabbage; chicken; eggs; flour; garlic; onion; peas; pork; sausagesFind these things in the box.beans; cabbag
33、e; chicken; eggs; flour; garlic; onion; peas; pork; sausages 1. two types of meat: ; 2. a food that consists of a tube of skin containing meat mixed with herbs: 3. five vegetables: ; ; ; ; 4. two ingredients for making a cake: ; Listen and match the names of the festivals with the photos.Carnival in
34、 Rio; Mardi Gras; Notting Hill; Oktoberfest 1. 2. 3. 4. Complete the table.NameWhere?When?How long?OriginFoodCaitlinNew Orleans, USAJan. Feb.2 months18th centuryKing CakesAnswer the questions. Mardi Gras 1. Who took Mardi Gras to the United States? 2. What can you find inside a King Cake? Notting Hi
35、ll 3. Why does Cameron think Notting Hill carnival is held in the summer? 4. Who started it, and why? Carnival in Rio 5. Why does Maria think Carnival in Rio is special? 6. What do people often do after eating and drinking? Oktoberfest 7. What food does Stefan like? 8. How many glasses of beer are d
36、runk at the Oktoberfest every year?Everyday EnglishChoose the correct meaning of the words and phrases.1. If you give up something you _.have more of itdont have it any more2. If you go wild about something you _.like itdont like it3. More or less means _.exactlyapproximately4. The high spot of a pa
37、rty is _.the best partthe end5. Funnily enough suggests that what you are talking about is _.funnystrange6. If something is in your blood it is _.naturalhealthy7. If you wash down a meal you _.have a drinkwash your hands after eating8. If you walk off a meal you _.get hungry by walkinghelp the food go down by walking