《原版英语RAZ 教案(Z1) Escape from the Holocaust.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《原版英语RAZ 教案(Z1) Escape from the Holocaust.pdf（13页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、www.readinga-Escape From the Holocaust:How Nicholas Winton Saved 669 ChildrenEscape From the HolocaustA Reading AZ Level Z1 Leveled BookWord Count:2,112Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.Written byJennifer DobnerLEVELED BOOK Z1YZ1Z2WritingImagine being one of the children saved
2、 by Nicholas Winton.Write a journal entry about your experience of leaving home and starting a new life in England.Include information from the book.Social StudiesResearch another hero of World War II.In an essay,describe what this person accomplished and compare those efforts to the efforts of Nich
3、olas Winton.ConnectionsEscape From the HolocaustLevel Z1 Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Jennifer DobnerAll rights reserved.www.readinga-Photo Credits:Front cover,page 16:UK History/Alamy;title page:REUTERS/Toby Melville;pages 4,8:AP Images;page 5:Kim Masters;pages 6,12,17:Hulton-Deutsch Collecti
4、on/Corbis;pages 9,11:Bettmann/Corbis;page 10:Franka Bruns/AP Images;page 19:Geoff Caddick/AFP/Getty Images;page 20:Presselect/Alamy;page 21:REUTERS/Toby Melville;page 22:V.Alhadeff/Lebrecht/The Image Works;page 23:Lewis Whyld/PA Wire/AP Imageswww.readinga-CorrelationLEVEL Z1WXN/A60Fountas&PinnellRea
5、ding RecoveryDRAEscape From the HolocaustWho is Nicholas Winton,and why is he considered a hero?Focus QuestionWritten by Jennifer Dobneranguished atrocious concentration camps generation Hebrew Holocaust inferior Jewish keepsakes perished refugees spiritedWords to Know34Table of ContentsA Girl Leave
6、s Home .4The British Banker Comes to Prague .7Hitler and His Plans .8Wintons Appeal to the World .13Wintons Trains .15A Secret Discovered .18In His Own Words .23Glossary .24A Girl Leaves HomeVera Gissing remembers the day the German army invaded Czechoslovakia.It was March 15,1939,and she was a youn
7、g Jewish girl who awoke to the sounds of tanks and German soldiers marching through Pragues streets.Soldiers even took over rooms in her familys home and ordered the family to speak only German.When Gissings father refused,she watched a soldier spit in his face.It was bad,and it was only the beginni
8、ng.German soldiers invade Prague,Czechoslovakia,in 1939.The Czech people watch in silence.CZECHOSLOVAKIAENGLANDPragueNORTH SEABALTIC SEAEnglish ChannelMEDITERRANEAN SEAEurope,1939GERMANYEscape From the Holocaust Level Z156Gissing also remembers the day her parents sent her away in hopes of saving he
9、r life.It was shortly before her eleventh birthday.Along with dozens of other children,she was dressed in her best clothes,a numbered tag hanging around her neck.At Pragues main train station,the steam from the engines rose around the families.Parents hugged and kissed their children,whispering word
10、s of love and hope.“Ill never forget the anguished expression on my parents faces that morning,”said Gissing in 2002,recalling that day sixty-three years earlier.Then the children boarded a train bound for England.As the train pulled away from the station,Gissing says she tried to keep her eyes focu
11、sed on her parents faces.She didnt know then that she would never see her parents again.She didnt know that hersalong with most of the other parents at the stationwould soon be sent away to die.She also knew nothing of the stranger from Great Britain who opened his heart to save her and then kept hi
12、s actions secret for nearly fifty years.A German Jewish girl arrives in England in 1938.The Eberstark girls,Elli(middle),Alice(top left)and Josi(top right),never saw their parents again after leaving on the train from Prague.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z178The British Banker Comes to PragueIn 19
13、38,Nicholas Winton was a twenty-nine-year-old banker working in London who had big plans for his Christmas holiday.He was going on a ski vacation in the Alps with his good friend Martin Blake.The pair never made it to the Alps.Just before Winton was to leave England,Blake asked Winton to join him in
14、stead in Prague,the capital city of Czechoslovakia.Blake was in Prague working with organizations that were giving food and other forms of help to thousands of Jewish families.These Jews had fled their homes after Germany took over a part of northern Czechoslovakia known as the Sudetenland.“I only w
15、ent to Prague because wed discussed a good deal,if not daily,what was happening in Europe,”Winton once said.“The last thing I thought was that I was going to work.”Hitler and His PlansThe takeover of Sudetenland turned out to be part of a secret plan by Germanys leader,Adolf Hitler.Once an army sold
16、ier,Hitler was angry that Germany had lost World War I in 1918.He blamed the failure in part on the Jews,whom he believed were an inferior race.After the war,Hitler helped form the Nazi Party,a group that wanted to restore Germanys power in the world.An emotional speaker who could excite a crowd,Hit
17、ler became a popular leader.In time,Hitler and the Nazis became so powerful that he was named Germanys leader.He took control of the government and then started to build up the military.He also created a secret plan to take back the land Germany had been forced to give away after losing World War I.
18、Hitler shouts to a crowd in Austria in 1938.PragueCZECHOSLOVAKIAAUSTRIAGERMANYPOLANDHUNGARYSUDETENLANDGermany took over the borderlands of Czechoslovakia (the Sudetenland)in 1938.Central Europe,1938Escape From the Holocaust Level Z1910In 1936,Hitler set his plan in motion,and by 1940 he had taken co
19、ntrol of Austria and moved into land that had been given to France.In both cases,leaders of other European countries objected,but no one moved to stop Hitler.Next,Hitler wanted the Sudetenland,an area along the border of Germany and Czechoslovakia where many German-speaking people lived.To get it,Hi
20、tler met with the leaders of France,Great Britain,and Italy in 1938.All three countries were friendsor alliesof the Czechs and had promised to protect the country.They didnt like Hitlers actions,but they also feared another war,so they gave in to his demands.Many distrusted Hitler and believed that
21、he planned to take over even more of Europe.Jews were frightened because under Hitler,Germany had passed many laws against them.Jews could no longer work as lawyers,doctors,or journalists,for example.They could not use public hospitals or go to public schools after age fourteen.Other laws stopped Je
22、ws from marrying anyone who was not also a Jew.The Story of the StarsMany of the photos of Jews from World War II show men,women,and children wearing six-pointed stars on their clothing.Often made from two interlocking triangles,the six-pointed star is also known as the Star of David.It has been use
23、d as a symbol of Judaism for thousands of years.During World War II,the Nazis decided that all Jews should wear the stars so that they could be easily identified by non-Jews.The stars were meant as a badge of shame and something to encourage discrimination against Jewish people.The rule applied to a
24、ll Jews over the age of six who lived in any country controlled by Germany.German troops enter the Sudetenland.While some welcomed the Germans with a salute,others fled the area in fear.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z11112Next,Hitler ordered the army to gather up Jews born in Poland or Russia and
25、remove them from Germany.The Jews were forced out of their homes with only the belongings they could carry.They were loaded onto trucks or wagons,driven to the border,and left there.Soon after,the army arrested 30,000 German Jews and placed them in Nazi concentration camps.The camps were a kind of p
26、rison where enemies of Hitler were sent to live and work as punishment.These events so frightened Jews across Europe that many decided to leave their homes to try to escape the danger.In Prague,Jewish refugees were living in camps set up in the city as short-term shelters.Winton went into the camps
27、and saw that they were cold,dirty,and jammed with thousands of people.Some aid groups were trying to help Jews find new homes,but Winton noticed that the focus was on old or sick people.No one was doing anything for the Jewish children of Czechoslovakia,so Winton decided that he would try to save th
28、em.“The situation was bad,”Winton said in a 2002 film about his life.“These refugees felt and we felt that the days were numbered before the Germans would arrive in the rest of Czechoslovakia.But how could they save themselves?What could they do?Where should they go?They were stuck.”A school in Czec
29、hoslovakia houses refugee families from the Sudetenland.A wagon removes a Jewish family from Krakow,Poland.The family wears armbands identifying them as Jews.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z11314Wintons Appeal to the WorldWintons first step was to set himself up at a hotel on Pragues Wenceslas Squa
30、re.Each day,he sat at a table in the dining room,meeting with the parents who wanted to get their children to safety.Wintons plan was to find safe homes for the children with families outside of Czechoslovakia.A program in Germany and Austria called the“Kindertransport”was using trains to take thous
31、ands of Jewish children to safety.Winton thought if he could copy the program,he could save thousands of Czech children as well.Word of the“Englishman of Wenceslas Square”spread quickly.Czech families came to the hotel by the hundreds seeking Wintons help.After hiring two helpers to work with the fa
32、milies,Winton returned to England.He needed to find places for the children to live and raise money for their travel.In London,Winton began writing letters to the governments of countries around the world,asking them to take the children.Many countries refused;their laws would not let children come
33、without their parents.In the end,only Sweden and Great Britain agreed to help.Yet England had strict rules about bringing the children into the country.Besides finding a family to take each child,the British government said Winton must pay a fee.The money would pay the costs of bringing the children
34、 home when they could return to Czechoslovakia.At fifty pounds per child,such a fee back then was a small fortune.To find families for the children,Winton placed ads in newspapers across Great Britain and talked with churches.He printed or sent pictures of the children all over the country.He hoped
35、that once families saw the childrens faces,they would want to help.At the same time,Winton was working to get the German and British governments to let the children enter England.When the governments moved too slowly,sometimes Winton and a small team of helpers created fake permits.“We just speeded
36、the process up a little,”Winton said.Word WiseThe pound is Great Britains form of money,or currency.Fifty pounds was considered“a small fortune”in 1939 because back then,fifty pounds was worth a lot.In 1939,what cost 50 pounds would have cost more than$200 in the United States.In 2014,that translate
37、s to more than$3,400.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z11516Wintons Trains Wintons hard work finally paid off on March 14,1939.Thats when the first fifteen children left Prague for Great Britain by airplane.Over the next six months,seven trains full of children left Pragues Wilson Railway Station.The
38、 trains took the children to Holland and the coast,where they boarded a boat to cross the English Channel.They ended their journey in the arms of their new families at a London train station,where a smiling Winton looked on.In all,669 children were carried away to safety.Some carried keepsakes from
39、home and letters of thanks from their parents to their new British families.Most of the children went to live with families.Many others went to live at a Czech boarding school in Wales.Winton had plans for an eighth train.It was set to leave Prague on September 3,1939,carrying 250 more children.But
40、on that day,Hitlers army invaded Poland and closed all German-controlled borders.The train disappeared,and the children were never seen again.What followed was a horrible military struggle that lasted nearly six years.It drew in nations from around the world and became known as World War II.Winton i
41、n 1939 with one of the children he rescued from CzechoslovakiaPragueLondonFerryAUSTRIAGERMANYENGLANDPOLANDHUNGARYFRANCEITALYNORTH SEABALTIC SEAEnglish ChannelSeven trainloads of children traveled from Prague to London in 1939.On the coast of Holland,the children boarded a ferry to cross the English
42、Channel.After crossing the channel,they boarded a second train for London.Winton Train Route CZECHOSLOVAKIAEscape From the Holocaust Level Z11718As part of his war effort,Hitler decided in 1941 that all Jews must be killed.Millions were forced into concentration camps to work until they grew so weak
43、 that they died.Once the Nazis decided that people died too slowly in the camps,they began killing them instead.Hitlers attempt to destroy all Jews is known as the Holocaust.Some Jews also call it Shoah,a Hebrew word that means a“whirlwind of destruction.”In all,six million Jews were murdered in the
44、 camps,including more than a million children.Millions of non-Jews were also murdered there.The Holocaust is one of the most atrocious crimes in all of human history.A Secret DiscoveredThe war brought a sudden end to Wintons rescue mission,so he looked for other ways to help.First he worked for the
45、Red Cross relief organization,and later he joined the Royal Air Force and became a pilot.After the war,Winton went back to banking,got married,and had a family.He never spoke of the children he had worked so hard to save.Then in 1988,his wife,Grete,discovered her husbands secret by accident.She foun
46、d a dusty leather briefcase in the attic one day and opened it to find a worn old scrapbook filled with pictures of the children.Beside each photo was the childs name,information about the childs family in Czechoslovakia,and the address of the British family who had taken in the child.The scrapbook
47、also contained letters and other papers describing the work Winton had done.Grete got her husband to tell his story,and soon a newspaper ran a story about Winton.That same year,a British television show called Thats Life did a program about him.As a surprise,more than two dozen of the children whom
48、Winton had rescued were in the audience to thank him.A barbed-wire fence separates male and female prisoners at a German concentration camp.A guard keeps watch at right.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z11920Vera Gissing was at that emotional reunion.An author,she has since written a biography of Win
49、ton and a book about her own experience as a child who lived through the war.“He rescued the greater part of the Jewish children of my generation in Czechoslovakia,”Gissing has said.“Very few of us met our parents again:They perished in concentration camps.Had we not been spirited away,we would have
50、 been murdered alongside them.”As many as 5,000 people are now descendants of the 669 children who rode Wintons trains to safety in 1939.Although those children are now old,many still call themselves“Wintons Children.”Wintons work has earned him many honors from the governments of both Great Britain