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1、Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.Escape From the HolocaustA Reading AZ Level Z2 Leveled BookWord Count:2,290WritingImagine being one of the children saved by Nicholas Winton.Write a journal entry about your experience of leaving home and starting a new life in England.Include
2、 information from the book.Social StudiesResearch another hero of World War II.In an essay,describe what this person accomplished and compare those efforts to the efforts of Nicholas Winton.Connectionswww.readinga-Escape From the Holocaust:How Nicholas Winton Saved 669 ChildrenLEVELED BOOK Z2Written
3、 byJennifer DobnerYZ1Z2www.readinga-Escape From the HolocaustWho is Nicholas Winton,and why is he considered a hero?Focus QuestionWritten by Jennifer Dobner24Glossaryanguished(adj.)filled with grief or pain(p.5)atrocious(adj.)extremely bad,evil,or cruel(p.17)concentration camps(n.)camps where people
4、 are held against their will,usually in harsh conditions,because they are members of an ethnic,minority,or political group(p.11)Hebrew(adj.)of or relating to the ancestors of modern Jews who lived in the area around Jerusalem(p.17)Holocaust(n.)the systematic killing of people,especially Jews,by the
5、Nazis during World War II(p.17)humanitarian(adj.)of or related to a person or group that helps people,especially by eliminating pain and suffering(p.7)Jewish(adj.)of or relating to the race,culture,or religion of Jews(p.4)keepsakes(n.)things given or kept to remember an event,person,or place(p.16)pr
6、ohibited(v.)forbade something by law or rule(p.10)refugees(n.)people who flee war,famine,persecution,or natural disaster,often with no definite place to go(p.11)regime(n.)a rigid and controlling form of government(p.17)spirited(v.)smuggled or carried off secretly(p.19)2423In His Own WordsAfter his s
7、ecret was revealed,Winton spoke often about his decision to save the Czech children.He claimed that he did nothing special or heroic,which is why he never talked about it.“I just saw what was going on and did what I could to help,”he once said.To thank Winton for his actions,some of the people he sa
8、ved gave him a ring.Its inscribed with a line from a book of Jewish laws known as the Talmud.It reads:“Save one life,save the world.”Sir Nicholas Winton died on July 1,2015,on the 76th anniversary of a train journey that carried the largest number of children from Prague241.He was 106 years old.Wint
9、on laughs with the grandson of a girl he saved 70 years earlier.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z2Escape From the HolocaustLevel Z2 Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Jennifer DobnerAll rights reserved.www.readinga-Photo Credits:Front cover,page 16:UK History/Alamy;title page:REUTERS/Toby Melville;p
10、ages 4,8:AP Images;page 5:Kim Masters;pages 6,13,17:Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis;page 9:Bettmann/Corbis;page 10:Franka Bruns/AP Images;page 19:Geoff Caddick/AFP/Getty Images;page 21:REUTERS/Toby Melville;page 22:V.Alhadeff/Lebrecht/The Image Works;page 23:Lewis Whyld/PA Wire/AP Imagesanguished a
11、trocious concentration camps Hebrew Holocaust humanitarian Jewish keepsakes prohibited refugees regime spiritedWords to KnowCorrelationLEVEL Z2YZN/A70+Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRA233Table of ContentsA Girl Leaves Home .4The British Banker Comes to Prague .7Hitler and His Plans .8Wintons Appeal
12、 to the World .12Wintons Trains .15A Secret Discovered .18In His Own Words .23Glossary .24 CZECHOSLOVAKIAENGLANDPragueNORTH SEABALTIC SEAEnglish ChannelMEDITERRANEAN SEAEurope,1939GERMANYEscape From the Holocaust Level Z222In Her Own WordsFrom childhood,Vera Gissing considered Winton her saviorshe j
13、ust didnt know who he was.Yet for many years,Winton felt he hadnt done anything that special or important.Not until Winton met Gissing and some of the others hed saved did he begin to grasp all that he had made possible.In 2002,Gissing co-authored Nicholas Winton and the Rescued Generation.In it,she
14、 writes:“If,as war clouds were gathering,my parents had lacked the courage and strength to send us,their only children,to unknown people in a foreign country,if British families had not been found to take us in,all the hopes,efforts and willingness to help would have been fruitlesshad it not been fo
15、r Nicholas Winton.It is thanks to him that I am now sitting in my garden watching my grandchildren playing,listening to their laughter and to my daughters voice calling us in for tea.Such an everyday family scene,yet one that I can never take for granted.”Gissing shows Winton a copy of The Lottery o
16、f Life,which she translated from Czech to English.The book is about his rescue mission.4A Girl Leaves HomeVera Gissing remembers the day the German army invaded Czechoslovakia.It was March 15,1939,and she was a young Jewish girl who awoke to the sounds of tanks and German soldiers marching through P
17、ragues streets.Soldiers even commandeered rooms in her familys home and ordered the family to speak only German.When Gissings father refused,she watched a soldier spit in his face.It was bad,and it was only the beginning.German soldiers invade Prague,Czechoslovakia,in 1939.The Czech people watch in
18、silence.21In 2009,to mark the seventieth anniversary of Wintons last train,a railroad trip repeated the journey that Wintons Children made between Prague and London.The train followed the same route;on board were many of those Winton had saved.Winton greeted the group himself at Londons Liverpool St
19、reet station with open arms.The trip came a few months after he celebrated his 100th birthday.Winton stands beside the train that repeated the last leg of the historic Prague-to-London trip.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z25Gissing also remembers the day her parents sent her away on a train with do
20、zens of other Prague children.It was shortly before her eleventh birthday,and she was dressed in her best clothes,a numbered tag hanging around her neck.At Pragues main railroad station,the steam from the engines rose and encircled the families gathered on the platform.Parents embraced their childre
21、n,whispering words of love and hope.“Ill never forget the anguished expression on my parents faces that morning,”said Gissing in 2002,recalling that day sixty-three years earlier.The Eberstark girls,Elli(middle),Alice(top left)and Josi(top right),never saw their parents again after leaving on the tr
22、ain from Prague.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z220Although those young Czech refugees are now old,many still call themselves“Wintons Children.”Some made their own remarkable contributions to the world as research scientists,religious leaders,and filmmakers.Wintons work has earned him much recognit
23、ion and many honors from the governments of both Great Britain and the Czech Republic.In 2002,he was made a knight by Queen Elizabeth II,an award reserved for people who have demonstrated acts of bravery,service,or success.In 2014,he received the Czech Republics highest honor,the Order of the White
24、Lion.Winton even had a distant planet named for him by two Czech astronomers.A Modern-Day KnightIn 2002,Nicholas Winton got down on his knees to receive one of his countrys highest honors:knighthood.Once an honor and title reserved for soldiers,in modern times knighthood recognizes achievements of m
25、any kinds,including those by artists,athletes,politicians,humanitarians,inventors,scientists,and others.The knighting ceremony is performed by the monarch or another member of Great Britains Royal Family.During the ceremony,recipients kneel before the monarch and are tapped on each shoulder with a s
26、word.Recipients are also given a medal and a title.If they are citizens of Great Britain,men are given the title of sir and women the title of dame.6One by one,the children boarded a train bound for England.As the train departed,Gissing says she tried to keep her eyes focused on her parents faces,no
27、t knowing then that she would never see them again.She could not have anticipated that theyalong with most of the other parents at the stationwould soon be sent away to die.She also knew nothing of the stranger from Great Britain who opened his heart to save her and then kept his actions secret from
28、 everyone for nearly fifty years.A German Jewish girl arrives in England in 1938.19Some of Wintons children arrive in London to meet their rescuer on the 70th anniversary of their evacuation.A noted author,Vera Gissing,was at that emotional reunion.She has since written a biography of Winton and a b
29、ook about her own experience as a child who lived through the war.“He rescued the greater part of the Jewish children of my generation in Czechoslovakia,”Gissing has said.“Very few of us met our parents again:They perished in concentration camps.Had we not been spirited away,we would have been murde
30、red alongside them.”The impact of Wintons war efforts extend well beyond that generation of war children.As many as 5,000 people are now descendants of the 669 children who rode Wintons trains to safety in 1939.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z27The British Banker Comes to PragueIn 1938,Nicholas Win
31、ton was a twenty-nine-year-old banker working in London who had big plans for his Christmas holiday:a ski vacation in the Alps with his good friend Martin Blake.However,the friends never made it to the Alps.Just prior to Wintons departure,Blake invited Winton to join him instead in Prague,the capita
32、l city of Czechoslovakia.There,Blake was involved in humanitarian efforts to provide food and other forms of help to thousands of displaced Jewish families from a part of northern Czechoslovakia known as the Sudetenland.“I only went to Prague because wed discussed a good deal,if not daily,what was h
33、appening in Europe,”Winton once said.“The last thing I thought was that I was going to work.”PragueCZECHOSLOVAKIAAUSTRIAGERMANYPOLANDHUNGARYGermany took over the borderlands of Czechoslovakia (the Sudetenland)in 1938.Central Europe,1938SUDETENLANDEscape From the Holocaust Level Z218A Secret Discover
34、edThe war brought a sudden end to Wintons rescue mission,so he sought other ways to help.He worked for the Red Cross relief organization and later joined the Royal Air Force and became a pilot.After the war,Winton resumed his old life he went back to banking,then got married and had a family.He neve
35、r spoke of the children he had worked so hard to save until 1988,when his wife,Grete,accidentally discovered her husbands secreta dusty leather briefcase hidden in the attic containing a worn old scrapbook filled with pictures of the children.Beside each photo was the childs name,information about t
36、he childs family in Czechoslovakia,and the address of the British family who had volunteered to be wartime guardians.The scrapbook also contained letters and other papers describing in great detail the work Winton had done.Grete urged her husband to tell his story,and soon a newspaper published an a
37、rticle about Winton.That same year,a British television show called Thats Life did a program about him.As a surprise,more than two dozen of the children whom Winton had rescued were in the audience to thank him.8Hitler and His PlansThe takeover of the Sudetenland turned out to be part of a sinister
38、plot by Germanys leader,Adolf Hitler.Once an army soldier,Hitler was bitterly angry that Germany had lost World War I in 1918,and he blamed that loss and subsequent economic depression in part on the Jews,whom he believed were an inferior race.After the war,Hitler helped form the German Workers Part
39、y,which eventually became the Nazi Party,a group that sought to restore Germanys power in the world.A passionate speaker who could excite and incite a crowd,Hitler soon became a popular leader.In time,Hitler and the Nazis became so powerful that he was named Germanys chancellor.He seized control of
40、the government,banned all other political parties,and started to expand the military.He also created a secret plan to reclaim territory Germany had been forced to surrender as part of the Treaty of Versailles at the end of World War I.Hitler shouts to a crowd in Austria in 1938.17As part of his war
41、effort,Hitler decided in 1941 that all Jews must be eliminated.Millions of people were forced into concentration camps to work until they grew so weak that they died.But even that wasnt enough for this brutal regime.When the Nazis decided that people died too slowly in the camps,they began killing t
42、hem instead.Hitlers attempt to destroy the Jewish population is known as the Holocaust.Some Jews also call it Shoah,a Hebrew word that means a“whirlwind of destruction.”In all,six million Jews were murdered during the war,including more than a million children.Millions of non-Jews were also murdered
43、.The Holocaust is considered one of the most atrocious crimes in all of human history.A barbed-wire fence separates male and female prisoners at a German concentration camp.A guard keeps watch at right.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z29In 1936,Hitler set his plan in motion and by 1940 had reclaimed
44、 land that had been given to France.Two years earlier,Hitler had taken control of Austria,the country where he had been born.In both cases,leaders of other European countries objected,but no one intervened to thwart Hitlers plans.Next,Hitler set his sights on acquiring the Sudetenland,an area along
45、the border of Germany and Czechoslovakia where many German-speaking people lived.In 1938,Hitler met with the leaders of France,Great Britain,and Italythree countries that were allies of the Czechs to discuss his plan.Rather than get involved in another war,those leaders agreed to Hitlers demands and
46、 signed the Munich Agreement,ceding the Sudetenland to German rule.German troops enter the Sudetenland.While some welcomed the Germans with a salute,others fled the area in fear.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z216In all,669 children were shuttled to safety.Some carried keepsakes from home and lette
47、rs of thanks from their parents to their new British families.Most of the children went to live in homes with families,while others went to live at a Czech boarding school in Wales.Winton had plans for an eighth train to leave Prague on September 3,1939,carrying 250 more children.On that day,however
48、,Hitlers army invaded Poland and closed all German-controlled borders.The train disappeared,and the children were never seen again.What followed was a horrible military struggle that lasted nearly six years and cost millions of lives.It drew in nations from around the world and became known as World
49、 War II.Winton in 1939 with one of the children he rescued from Czechoslovakia10The Story of the StarsMany of the photos of Jews from World War II show men,women,and children wearing six-pointed stars on their clothing.Often made from two interlocking triangles,the six-pointed star is also known as
50、the Star of David.It has been used as a symbol of Judaism for thousands of years.During World War II,the Nazis decided that all Jews should wear the stars so that they could be easily identified by non-Jews.The stars were meant as a badge of shame and something to encourage discrimination against Je