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1、Escape From the HolocaustA Reading AZ Level Z1 Leveled BookWord Count:2,112Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.WritingImagine being one of the children saved by Nicholas Winton.Write a journal entry about your experience of leaving home and starting a new life in England.Include
2、 information from the book.Social StudiesResearch another hero of World War II.In an essay,describe what this person accomplished and compare those efforts to the efforts of Nicholas Winton.Connectionswww.readinga-Escape From the Holocaust:How Nicholas Winton Saved 669 ChildrenWritten byJennifer Dob
3、nerLEVELED BOOK Z1YZ1Z2www.readinga-Escape From the HolocaustWho is Nicholas Winton,and why is he considered a hero?Focus QuestionWritten by Jennifer Dobner24Glossary anguished(adj.)filled with grief or pain(p.5)atrocious(adj.)extremely bad,evil,or cruel(p.17)concentration camps(n.)camps where peopl
4、e are held against their will,usually in harsh conditions,because they are members of an ethnic,minority,or political group(p.11)generation(n.)all the people or other animals who are born and live at about the same time (p.19)Hebrew(adj.)of or relating to the ancestors of modern Jews who lived in th
5、e area around Jerusalem(p.17)Holocaust(n.)the systematic killing of people,especially Jews,by the Nazis during World War II(p.17)inferior(adj.)lower in quality or rank(p.8)Jewish(adj.)of or relating to the race,culture,or religion of Jews(p.4)keepsakes(n.)things given or kept to remember an event,pe
6、rson,or place(p.16)perished(v.)died,especially in a sudden,violent,or unexpected way(p.19)refugees(n.)people who flee war,famine,persecution,or natural disaster,often with no definite place to go(p.11)spirited(v.)smuggled or carried off secretly(p.19)2423In His Own WordsAfter his secret was revealed
7、,Winton spoke often about his decision to save the Czech children.He claimed that he did nothing special or heroic.He said thats why he never talked about it.“I just saw what was going on and did what I could to help,”he once said.To thank Winton for his actions,some of the people he saved gave him
8、a ring.Its inscribed with a line from a book of Jewish laws known as the Talmud.It reads:“Save one life,save the world.”Sir Nicholas Winton died on July 1,2015,the 76th anniversary of a train journey that carried the largest number of children from Prague241.Winton laughs with the grandson of a girl
9、 he saved 70 years earlier.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z1Escape From the HolocaustLevel Z1 Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Jennifer DobnerAll rights reserved.www.readinga-Photo Credits:Front cover,page 16:UK History/Alamy;title page:REUTERS/Toby Melville;pages 4,8:AP Images;page 5:Kim Masters
10、;pages 6,12,17:Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis;pages 9,11:Bettmann/Corbis;page 10:Franka Bruns/AP Images;page 19:Geoff Caddick/AFP/Getty Images;page 20:Presselect/Alamy;page 21:REUTERS/Toby Melville;page 22:V.Alhadeff/Lebrecht/The Image Works;page 23:Lewis Whyld/PA Wire/AP ImagesCorrelationLEVEL Z1
11、WXN/A60Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRAanguished atrocious concentration camps generation Hebrew Holocaust inferior Jewish keepsakes perished refugees spiritedWords to Know233Table of ContentsA Girl Leaves Home .4The British Banker Comes to Prague .7Hitler and His Plans .8Wintons Appeal to the Wor
12、ld .13Wintons Trains .15A Secret Discovered .18In His Own Words .23Glossary .24CZECHOSLOVAKIAENGLANDPragueNORTH SEABALTIC SEAEnglish ChannelMEDITERRANEAN SEAEurope,1939GERMANYEscape From the Holocaust Level Z122In Her Own WordsFrom childhood,Vera Gissing considered Winton her saviorshe just didnt kn
13、ow who he was.Yet for many years,Winton felt he hadnt done anything that special or important.Not until Winton met Gissing and some of the others hed saved did he begin to grasp all that he had made possible.In 2002,Gissing co-authored Nicholas Winton and the Rescued Generation.In it,she writes:“If,
14、as war clouds were gathering,my parents had lacked the courage and strength to send us,their only children,to unknown people in a foreign country,if British families had not been found to take us in,all the hopes,efforts and willingness to help would have been fruitlesshad it not been for Nicholas W
15、inton.It is thanks to him that I am now sitting in my garden watching my grandchildren playing,listening to their laughter and to my daughters voice calling us in for tea.Such an everyday family scene,yet one that I can never take for granted.”Gissing shows Winton a copy of The Lottery of Life,which
16、 she translated from Czech to English.The book is about his rescue mission.4A Girl Leaves HomeVera Gissing remembers the day the German army invaded Czechoslovakia.It was March 15,1939,and she was a young Jewish girl who awoke to the sounds of tanks and German soldiers marching through Pragues stree
17、ts.Soldiers even took over rooms in her familys home and ordered the family to speak only German.When Gissings father refused,she watched a soldier spit in his face.It was bad,and it was only the beginning.German soldiers invade Prague,Czechoslovakia,in 1939.The Czech people watch in silence.21In 20
18、09,to mark the seventieth anniversary of Wintons last train,a trip repeated the journey that Wintons Children made between Prague and London.The train followed the same path;on board were many of those Winton had saved.Winton greeted the group himself at Londons Liverpool Street station with open ar
19、ms.The trip came a few months after Winton celebrated his 100th birthday.Winton stands beside the train that repeated the last leg of the historic Prague-to-London trip.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z15Gissing also remembers the day her parents sent her away in hopes of saving her life.It was shor
20、tly before her eleventh birthday.Along with dozens of other children,she was dressed in her best clothes,a numbered tag hanging around her neck.At Pragues main train station,the steam from the engines rose around the families.Parents hugged and kissed their children,whispering words of love and hope
21、.“Ill never forget the anguished expression on my parents faces that morning,”said Gissing in 2002,recalling that day sixty-three years earlier.The Eberstark girls,Elli(middle),Alice(top left)and Josi(top right),never saw their parents again after leaving on the train from Prague.Escape From the Hol
22、ocaust Level Z120Wintons work has earned him many honors from the governments of both Great Britain and the Czech Republic.In 2002,he was made a knight by Queen Elizabeth II,an award given to people for acts of bravery,service,or success.A Modern-Day KnightIn 2002,Nicholas Winton got down on his kne
23、es to receive one of his countrys highest honors:knighthood.Once an honor and title reserved for soldiers,in modern times knighthood recognizes achievements of many kinds,including those by artists,athletes,politicians,humanitarians,inventors,scientists,and others.The knighting ceremony is performed
24、 by the monarch or another member of Great Britains Royal Family.During the ceremony,recipients kneel before the monarch and are tapped on each shoulder with a sword.Recipients are also given a medal and a title.If they are citizens of Great Britain,men are given the title of sir and women the title
25、 of dame.6Then the children boarded a train bound for England.As the train pulled away from the station,Gissing says she tried to keep her eyes focused on her parents faces.She didnt know then that she would never see her parents again.She didnt know that hersalong with most of the other parents at
26、the stationwould soon be sent away to die.She also knew nothing of the stranger from Great Britain who opened his heart to save her and then kept his actions secret for nearly fifty years.A German Jewish girl arrives in England in 1938.19Vera Gissing was at that emotional reunion.An author,she has s
27、ince written a biography of Winton and a book about her own experience as a child who lived through the war.“He rescued the greater part of the Jewish children of my generation in Czechoslovakia,”Gissing has said.“Very few of us met our parents again:They perished in concentration camps.Had we not b
28、een spirited away,we would have been murdered alongside them.”As many as 5,000 people are now descendants of the 669 children who rode Wintons trains to safety in 1939.Although those children are now old,many still call themselves“Wintons Children.”Some of Wintons children arrive in London to meet t
29、heir rescuer on the 70th anniversary of their evacuation.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z17The British Banker Comes to PragueIn 1938,Nicholas Winton was a twenty-nine-year-old banker working in London who had big plans for his Christmas holiday.He was going on a ski vacation in the Alps with his go
30、od friend Martin Blake.The pair never made it to the Alps.Just before Winton was to leave England,Blake asked Winton to join him instead in Prague,the capital city of Czechoslovakia.Blake was in Prague working with organizations that were giving food and other forms of help to thousands of Jewish fa
31、milies.These Jews had fled their homes after Germany took over a part of northern Czechoslovakia known as the Sudetenland.“I only went to Prague because wed discussed a good deal,if not daily,what was happening in Europe,”Winton once said.“The last thing I thought was that I was going to work.”Pragu
32、eCZECHOSLOVAKIAAUSTRIAGERMANYPOLANDHUNGARYSUDETENLANDGermany took over the borderlands of Czechoslovakia (the Sudetenland)in 1938.Central Europe,1938Escape From the Holocaust Level Z118A Secret DiscoveredThe war brought a sudden end to Wintons rescue mission,so he looked for other ways to help.First
33、 he worked for the Red Cross relief organization,and later he joined the Royal Air Force and became a pilot.After the war,Winton went back to banking,got married,and had a family.He never spoke of the children he had worked so hard to save.Then in 1988,his wife,Grete,discovered her husbands secret b
34、y accident.She found a dusty leather briefcase in the attic one day and opened it to find a worn old scrapbook filled with pictures of the children.Beside each photo was the childs name,information about the childs family in Czechoslovakia,and the address of the British family who had taken in the c
35、hild.The scrapbook also contained letters and other papers describing the work Winton had done.Grete got her husband to tell his story,and soon a newspaper ran a story about Winton.That same year,a British television show called Thats Life did a program about him.As a surprise,more than two dozen of
36、 the children whom Winton had rescued were in the audience to thank him.8Hitler and His PlansThe takeover of Sudetenland turned out to be part of a secret plan by Germanys leader,Adolf Hitler.Once an army soldier,Hitler was angry that Germany had lost World War I in 1918.He blamed the failure in par
37、t on the Jews,whom he believed were an inferior race.After the war,Hitler helped form the Nazi Party,a group that wanted to restore Germanys power in the world.An emotional speaker who could excite a crowd,Hitler became a popular leader.In time,Hitler and the Nazis became so powerful that he was nam
38、ed Germanys leader.He took control of the government and then started to build up the military.He also created a secret plan to take back the land Germany had been forced to give away after losing World War I.Hitler shouts to a crowd in Austria in 1938.17As part of his war effort,Hitler decided in 1
39、941 that all Jews must be killed.Millions were forced into concentration camps to work until they grew so weak that they died.Once the Nazis decided that people died too slowly in the camps,they began killing them instead.Hitlers attempt to destroy all Jews is known as the Holocaust.Some Jews also c
40、all it Shoah,a Hebrew word that means a“whirlwind of destruction.”In all,six million Jews were murdered in the camps,including more than a million children.Millions of non-Jews were also murdered there.The Holocaust is one of the most atrocious crimes in all of human history.A barbed-wire fence sepa
41、rates male and female prisoners at a German concentration camp.A guard keeps watch at right.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z19In 1936,Hitler set his plan in motion,and by 1940 he had taken control of Austria and moved into land that had been given to France.In both cases,leaders of other European c
42、ountries objected,but no one moved to stop Hitler.Next,Hitler wanted the Sudetenland,an area along the border of Germany and Czechoslovakia where many German-speaking people lived.To get it,Hitler met with the leaders of France,Great Britain,and Italy in 1938.All three countries were friendsor allie
43、sof the Czechs and had promised to protect the country.They didnt like Hitlers actions,but they also feared another war,so they gave in to his demands.German troops enter the Sudetenland.While some welcomed the Germans with a salute,others fled the area in fear.Escape From the Holocaust Level Z116In
44、 all,669 children were carried away to safety.Some carried keepsakes from home and letters of thanks from their parents to their new British families.Most of the children went to live with families.Many others went to live at a Czech boarding school in Wales.Winton had plans for an eighth train.It w
45、as set to leave Prague on September 3,1939,carrying 250 more children.But on that day,Hitlers army invaded Poland and closed all German-controlled borders.The train disappeared,and the children were never seen again.What followed was a horrible military struggle that lasted nearly six years.It drew
46、in nations from around the world and became known as World War II.Winton in 1939 with one of the children he rescued from Czechoslovakia10Many distrusted Hitler and believed that he planned to take over even more of Europe.Jews were frightened because under Hitler,Germany had passed many laws agains
47、t them.Jews could no longer work as lawyers,doctors,or journalists,for example.They could not use public hospitals or go to public schools after age fourteen.Other laws stopped Jews from marrying anyone who was not also a Jew.The Story of the StarsMany of the photos of Jews from World War II show me
48、n,women,and children wearing six-pointed stars on their clothing.Often made from two interlocking triangles,the six-pointed star is also known as the Star of David.It has been used as a symbol of Judaism for thousands of years.During World War II,the Nazis decided that all Jews should wear the stars
49、 so that they could be easily identified by non-Jews.The stars were meant as a badge of shame and something to encourage discrimination against Jewish people.The rule applied to all Jews over the age of six who lived in any country controlled by Germany.15Wintons Trains Wintons hard work finally pai
50、d off on March 14,1939.Thats when the first fifteen children left Prague for Great Britain by airplane.Over the next six months,seven trains full of children left Pragues Wilson Railway Station.The trains took the children to Holland and the coast,where they boarded a boat to cross the English Chann