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1、专题一 阅读理解主题5 人与社会历史、社会与文化专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）题组四题组四Passage 1（2022全国卷甲，D，8分）Sometime in the early 1960s,a significant thing happened in Sydney,Australia.The city discovered its harbor.Then,one after another,Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there broad parks,superb beaches,and
2、 a culturally diverse population.But it is the harbor that makes the city.Andrew Reynolds,a cheerful fellow in his early 30s，pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living.I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor.After our third run Andrew shut down the engine,and we went our sepa
3、rate ways he for a lunch break,I to explore the city.专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）Ill miss these old boats,he said as we parted.How do you mean?I asked.Oh,theyre replacing them with catamarans.Catamarans are faster,but theyre not so elegant,and theyre not fun to pilot.But thats progress,I guess.Everywhere
4、 in Sydney these days,change and progress are the watchwords（口号）,and traditions are increasingly rare.Shirley Fitzgerald,the citys official historian,told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s,Sydney swept aside much of its past,including many of its finest buildings.Sydney is confused about
5、 itself,she said.We cant seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.Its a conflict that we arent getting any better at resolving（解决）.专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）On the other hand,being young and old at the same time has its attractions.I considered this when I met a thou
6、ghtful young businessman named Anthony.Many people say that we lack culture in this country,he told me.What people forget is that the Italians,when they came to Australia,brought 2000 years of their culture,the Greeks some 3000 years,and the Chinese more still.Weve got a foundation built on ancient
7、cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country.Its a pretty hard combination to beat.He is right,but I cant help wishing they would keep those old ferries.专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?()CA.Sydneys striking architecture.B.The cultural diversity of Sydne
8、y.C.The key to Sydneys development.D.Sydneys tourist attractions in the 1960s.解析 段落大意题。根据第一段中的a significant thing happened in Sydney.But it is the harbor that makes the city可知，本段主要讲述了悉尼发展过程中的关键，故C项正确。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）2.What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?()DA.He goes to work by boat.B.He l
9、ooks forward to a new life.C.He pilots catamarans well.D.He is attached to the old ferries.解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Ill miss these old boats可知，Andrew Reynolds会怀念这些旧渡船，由此可推知，他很喜欢这些旧渡船，故D项正确。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）3.What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?()AA.It is losing its traditions.B.It should speed
10、 up its progress.C.It should expand its population.D.It is becoming more international.解析 推理判断题。根据第六段中的Sydney swept aside much of its past,including many of its finest buildings可以看出，Shirley Fitzgerald觉得悉尼在发展过程中丢弃了太多过去的事情，故A项正确。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）4.Which statement will the author probably agree w
11、ith?()AA.A city can be young and old at the same time.B.A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.C.Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.D.Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.解析 推理判断题。根据最后两段中的being young and old at the same time has its attractions及I c
12、ant help wishing they would keep those old ferries可知，作者认为新旧交融自有其魅力，希望悉尼能够保留那些旧渡船，故作者很可能认同A项一个城市可以新旧交融在一起。解读：澳大利亚城市悉尼在发展过程中丢弃了很多传统，但作者认为城市发展不应丢弃传统，新旧交融自有其魅力。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）Passage 2（2022浙江，A，7.5分）Pasta and pizza were on everyones lunch menu in my native land of Italy.Everyone who had such a l
13、unch was fair-skinned and spoke Italian.A few years later,as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn,I realized things were no longer that simple.My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair.T
14、he food choices were almost as diverse as the students.In front of me was an array of foods I couldnt even name in my native language.Fearing that I would pick out something awful,I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a recommendation.Unfortunately,between us stood the barrier of langua
15、ge.专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago,the lessons I learned will stick in my mind forever.For the past three summers,I have worked in a government agency in New York.New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking
16、 help.I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-speaking ones.As I served the role of vital communication link,I was reminded of my desperate struggle to converse before I learned English.I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation in Italian with people who
17、 did not speak the language.It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be fluent in two languages.专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）In New York,a multicultural city,students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse population.In my English to Italian translations,Ive learned about s
18、ocial programs that I didnt know existed.This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom.Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today,I am no longer confused by this citys sounds and smells.Instead,I enjoy its diversity.专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）1.What did t
19、he author realize after entering school in Brooklyn?()DA.Time passed quickly.B.English was hard to learn.C.The food was terrible.D.People were very different.解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的I realized things were no longer that simple以及后面两句中不同肤色和食物可知，作者在布鲁克林上学后意识到人是非常不同的，故D项正确。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）2.Who does the
20、little girl in paragraph 2 refer to?()CA.An Italian teacher.B.A government official.C.The author herself.D.The authors classmate.解析 推理判断题。the little girl in the lunch line意为排队打午饭的小女孩，结合第一段中讲到的I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn可知，排队打午饭的小女孩指的正是作者本人，故C项正确。专题一专题
21、一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）3.How did the summer job benefit the author?()CA.It strengthened her love for school.B.It helped sharpen her sense of direction.C.It opened her eyes to the real world.D.It made her childhood dream come true.解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom可知，在纽约政府机构的夏季工作拓展了作者的思维，让作者认识了现实世界，故C项正确。【解题线索】expand ones mind与open ones eyes意义相近，可直接得出答案。专题一专题一 阅读理解阅读理解题组四题组四（）【核心词汇】barrier n.障碍；屏障；隔阂；分界线converse v.交谈 pick out挑选解读：作者作为一个意大利人在纽约布鲁克林求学和工作的时候，逐渐意识到社会是多元化的，她也喜欢上了这种多样性。