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1、Unit 2 Exploring EnglishPeriod 2 Using language 导学案1. 积累scary, referto, pick up, rather等单词及词组的用法。2. 了解过去分词做后置定语、动名词做主语、as引导定语从句等初步用法。3. 了解构词法的使用。1. 能够根据构词法猜测词义；2. 能够根据所需内容，了解英式英语和美式英语的差异。3. 通过精读，能够获取重要信息，正确梳理信息之间的关系。4. 能够根据文章的标题、图片等内容预测文章主题和分析文章写作目的，突出新课标中“看”的要求。I.写出下列词汇的英语释义。 （1）第一组形容词4个（adj.）：1.un
2、familiar _ 2. likely_ 3. common _4. confusing _ 5. scary_（2）第二组动词2个（v.）：1. contact _ 2. combine_ 3. improve_ （3）第三组名词11个（n.）：1. type_ 2. organization 3. subway_4. highway_ 5. motorway _ 6. gas_ 7. petrol _8. apartment = flat _ 9. elevator_10. context_11. addition_【答案】：（1）第一组形容词12个：1. unfamiliar 不熟悉的
3、，不了解的 2. likely可能的 3. common 常见的，通常的，普遍的4. confusing令人困惑的 5. scary可怕的（2）第二组动词3个：1. contact 联系，联络 2. combine结合，组合 3. improve提高，改善（3）第三组名词8个：1. type类型，种类 2. organization组织 3. subway地铁4. highway公路 5. motorway 高速公路 6. gas汽油7. petrol 汽油 8. apartment = flat公寓 9. elevator电梯10. context上下文，语境 11. addition 增加
4、物II.词汇拓展积累1. familiar adj. 熟悉的 adj. 不熟悉的2. combine v. 组合，结合 n. 结合3. organization n. 组织 v. 组织 4. elevator n. 电梯 v. 提拔，晋升5. add v. 增加，添加 n. 增加物【答案】：1. familiar adj. 熟悉的 unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的2. combine v. 组合，结合combination n. 结合3. organization n. 组织 organize v.组织 4. elevator n. 电梯 elevate v. 提拔，晋升5. add
5、v. 增加，添加addition n. 增加物III.重点短语英译汉1. come across 2. word formation 3. be made up of 4. refer toas 5.WTO 6. WHO 7. calm down municate with sb. 【答案】：1. come across 偶然发现，偶然遇见 2. word formation构词法 3. be made up of由组成 4. refer toas把称作5.WTO世贸组织 6. WHO 世卫组织7. calm down冷静下来 municate with sb.与某人交流I. 翻译下列句子1.
6、 When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words. You might think this is a bit scary. But many of them are formed using other simpler words. This is called word formation.翻译： 2. Words formation by combining other words are called compounds, for example, _（a friend that y
7、ou contact by writing, traditionally using a pen）and _（known by many people）翻译： 3. Prefixes and suffixes often have fixed meanings. If you add un- or in- to a word, the new word usually means the opposite. For example, if something isnt correct its _, and if someone isnt happy theyre _.Words with su
8、ffixes -ment and -ness are often nouns. For example, if somebody has improved a lot, they have made great _.翻译： 4. Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs, or the other way round. When we calm someone down, they become _. And we can give someone a present by _it.翻译： 5. And sometimes a word is
9、 made up of the first letters of several words：“World Trade Organization”can be referred to as _, and _ is short for “as soon as possible.”翻译： 【答案】：1. When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words. You might think this is a bit scary. But many of them are formed using o
10、ther simpler words. This is called word formation.翻译：当你打开一本词典时，你经常会碰到许多不熟悉的词。你可能觉得这有点吓人。但其中许多是用其他更简单的词形成的。这叫做构词法。 2. Words formation by combining other words are called compounds, for example, _（a friend that you contact by writing, traditionally using a pen）and _（known by many people）翻译：通过组合其他单词而形成
11、的单词称为复合词，例如， （一个你通过写作联系的朋友，传统上使用钢笔）还有 。3. Prefixes and suffixes often have fixed meanings. If you add un- or in- to a word, the new word usually means the opposite. For example, if something isnt correct its _, and if someone isnt happy theyre _.Words with suffixes -ment and -ness are often nouns. F
12、or example, if somebody has improve a lot, they have made great _.翻译：前缀和后缀通常有固定的含义。如果你在一个词中加上“un”或“in”，这个新词的意思通常是相反的。例如，如果某件事不正确，那就是“不高兴”，如果有人不高兴，那就是“不高兴”。带后缀“ment”和“ness”的词通常是名词。例如，如果有人有很大的进步，他们已经取得了巨大的进步。4. Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs, or the other way round. When we calm someon
13、e down, they become _. And we can give someone a present by _it.翻译：有些名词和形容词可以用作动词，或者相反。当我们让某人冷静下来时，他们就会变得 。我们可以送人礼物通过 。5. And sometimes a word is made up of the first letters of several words：“World Trade Organization”can be referred to as _, and _ is short for “as soon as possible.”翻译：有时一个词由几个词的第一个
14、字母组成：“世界贸易组织”可以表示为_, 或者_是“尽快”的缩写。1. scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的【归纳拓展】（1）同根词：scare v. 惊吓， 使害怕（2）scare sb./sth away/off 使人/物害怕；把某人/物吓跑（3）be scary of doing sth 害怕做某事（4）be scared to do sth 害怕做某事（5）be scared to death 吓得要死 【例句感悟】（1）She is scared of going out alone. 她不敢一个人外出。（2）People are scared to use the buses la
15、te at night. 人们害怕在深夜乘坐公共汽车。（3）He was scared by the thunder. 他被雷声吓了一跳。【注】用scary通常形容物或人“令人害怕的，吓人的”。 用scared指人“害怕的”，通常用来形容人自身的感受。2. refer toas 把当做，把称为 【归纳拓展】（1）refer to 参考；查阅；涉及；提到（2）referto 把提交/委托给；把归功于；认为起源于【例句感悟】（1）I promised not to refer to the matter again. 我答应过再不提这事了。（2）California is referred to
16、as the “Golden State”. 加利福尼亚州通常被称为“黄金之州”。（3）For further details, please refer to the last page of the book. 欲知详情，请参阅本书最后一页。 （4）She referred all her success to the good education she had received in school. 她把所有的成功都归功于她在学校受到的良好教育。3. pick up 学会，获得；捡起，拾起；搭载，接载；改善，好转；取某物；染上疾病；接收信号；整理，收拾【例句感悟】（1）Where di
17、d you pick up your English? （学会，获得）你在哪儿学的英语？ （2）He picked his cap up from the floor.（拾起，捡起）他从地板上拾起帽子。（3）We drove to the airport the next morning to pick up him.（搭载，接载）我们第二天早晨开车去机场接他。（4）We can pick up Italian television. （接收信号）我们能收看到意大利电视台的节目。（5）Industrial production is beginning to pick up.（改进，提高，好转
18、）工业生产开始回升。构词法语言学家把专门研究词形变化现象和规则的学问称为词形学(Morphology),通常简称为构词法(Word Formation)。主要有:合成法；转化法；派生法；混成法；截短法和词首字母缩略法。（1）合成法。例如：snow-white雪白的； English-speaking讲英语的；high-class高级的；five-storeyed五层的（2）转化法。 动词转名名词：A. 很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化；B. 但有时意思也有一定变化；C. 还有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作。例如：1) Lets go out for a walk.我
19、们到外面去散散步吧。2）He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。3）Lets have a swim.咱们游泳吧。 名词转动词：A.表示物件；B. 身体部位；C. 某类人的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，D. 某些抽象名词也可作动词。例如：1) Did you book a seat on the plane?你订好飞机座位了吗2）Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。3）She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。4）We lunched together.我们在一起吃
20、了午餐。（3）派生法。在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。例如：appear出现disappear消失； possible可能的impossible不可能的 large大的enlarge扩大； little小的 belittle轻视 （4）截短法。截短法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变，主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。 截头：telephonephone airplaneplane omnibusbus 去尾：mathematicsmaths coope
21、ratecoop examinationexam 截头去尾：influenzaflu refrigeratorfridge prescriptionscript（5）其他方法。 混合法：混合法，即将两个词混合或各取一部分紧缩而成一个新词。后半部分表示主体；前半部分表示属性。例如：news broadcastnewscast新闻广播； smoke and fogsmog烟雾 首尾缩略：首尾字母缩略法，即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式，即各字母分别读音；作为一个单词读音。例如：very important personVIP要人；大人物单句语法填空：1. Nice to see y
22、ou, Tom. Did you have a good _（fly）？2. Look up the _（mean）of the word in the dictionary.3. _（fortune），he and his friend didnt find any gold but were caught in a snowstorm.4. _（careless）will be a disaster not just to ourselves but also to others5. The meat is a bot _（smell）. We cant eat it.【答案】：1. fl
23、ight 2. meaning 3. Unfortunately 4. Carelessness 5. smelly Learn some new words and expressions: adj.lakli 可能的，预料的，有希望的；1. likely 英汉释义probable or expected 可能的，预料的，有希望的 【词组】be likely to do/that 很可能做【例句感悟】1）Tickets are likely to be expensive. 入场券可能很贵。2）Unemployment is likely to go on rising this year
24、今年的失业人数可能会继续上升。3）Its not likely to rain today. 今天不会下雨。4）What is the most likely cause of the problem? 造成这个问题最有可能的原因是什么？ adj.kmban（使）结合，组合，联合，混合；兼有，兼备2. combinecombine派生词combination英汉释义come together to form a single thing or group; to join two or more things or groups together to form a single one（使）
25、结合，组合，联合，混合have two or more different features or characteristics; to put two or more different things, features or qualities together 兼有，兼备，使融合（或并存）【词组】combine sth with sth = combine A and B (together) 把A与B相结合【派生词】combination kmbnen n. 结合体，联合体，混合体 【例句感悟】1. She has successfully combined a career and
26、 bringing up a family.她成功地兼顾了事业和抚养子女。2. They combined against a common enemy. 他们联手对付共同的敌人。3. Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water.= Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water.氢与氧化合成水。4. You should try to combine exercise with a healthy diet. 你应该把锻炼和健康饮食结合起来。重点句型解析及仿写：1. 【原句】Neither is there pi
27、ne nor apple in pineapple. 【翻译】菠萝里既没有松树也没有苹果。【解析】 neithernor意为“既不也不”，其含义是否定的，可以连接任意两个并列的成分。 当该词组连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数应该和邻近的主语保持一致，遵循“就近原则。” neither可单独做主语，表示“两者中没有一个”。谓语动词用单数本句解析Neitheristhere pinenor apple in pineapple. 【仿写1】今天父母都不在家。 参考答案：Neither dad nor mon is at the home.【仿写2】他们俩都不喜欢篮球。 参考答案：Neither o
28、f them like football.2. 【原句】That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible.【翻译】这就是为什么当星星out（出来）的时候是看得见的，但灯out（熄灭）时是看不见的。【解析】本句为含有定语从句的主从复合句，3个定语从句之间是并列关系，修饰先行词language.引导表语从句when引导时间状语从句转折连词本句解析That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible.