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1、Unit 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS3.2 Discovering Useful Structures 附加疑问句 附加疑问句，又称反意疑问句，主要用于口语，其作用是说话人向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断，也可以用于祈使句表示请求或者建议。 一附加疑问句的组成 附加疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是陈述部分，后一部分是附加疑问部分，两部分的人称和时态应保持一致。附加疑问部分一般由助动词 、be动词或情态动词和表示主语的代词构成 。（一）基本组成方法1. 肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分（前肯后否）You often play badminton,dont you? 你经常打羽毛球，是吗？
2、You are going to the gym with me, arent you?你要和我一起去健身房，是吗？Shes been to shanghai before, hasnt she ? 她以前去过上海，是吗？2. 否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分（前否后肯）It isnt a beautiful flower, is it? 那不是美丽的花，是吗？You didnt go skating yesterday, did you? 你昨天没去滑冰，是吗？They cant finish it by Friday, can they? 他们不能在星期五之前完成，是吗？3. 含有否定词的
3、附加疑问句（1）当陈述句中含有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, little, few, none, neither ，no, not, nowhere, nothing no one, nobody等否定意义的词时，后面的附加疑问句则为肯定形式。He hardly goes to school by car, does he?他几乎不开车去上学，是吗？You have never been to Paris, have you?你从没去过巴黎，是吗？They seldom come late, do they?他们很少迟到，是吗？Little has been d
4、one to prevent pollution, has it? 几乎没有做什么来防止污染，是吗？（2）如果陈述句中仅含否定前缀的词unhappy, dislike, impossible等，则后面的附加疑问句仍为否定形式。He is unfit for his job, isnt he?他不适合这项工作，是吗？It is impossible, isnt it? 那不可能，是吗？He dislikes his classmates, doesnt he?他不喜欢他的同学，是吗？4. 祈使句的附加疑问句（1）肯定的祈使句的附加疑问句在句末加“will you? /wont you?/can
5、you ?/ cant you?”（2）否定的祈使句的附加疑问句通常在句末加“will you?”Come along with me , will you/ wont you ?/can you ?/ cant you?跟我来，好吗？Dont make any noise, will you?别出声，好吗？（1）Lets 开头的祈使句，附加疑问句用shall we?（2）Let us 开头的祈使句，附加疑问句用will you?Lets go and listen to the music, shall we?让我们去听音乐，好吗？Let us wait for you in the rea
6、ding-room, will you ? 我们在阅览室等你，好吗？（二）附加疑问句注意几种特殊情况：1. 当陈述部分主语是everyone/ everybody, someone/somebody, no one/ nobody, none等表示人的不定代词时，附加疑问句部分的主语多用they，但也可用he；当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等表示物的不定代词时，附加疑问句部分的主语用it。Nobody saw him walk into the room , did they?没人看见他走进房间，是吗？Everything h
7、as gone wrong today, hasnt it?今天什么都出了问题了，是不是？2. 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that, these, those时，附加疑问句的主语不再用指示代词，而要用it或they。That isnt your dictionary, is it? 这不是你的字典，是吗？These are interesting stories, arent they?这些故事很有趣，不是吗？3. 当陈述部分是“there be+主语+其他”结构时，附加疑问句用“be (not) there”结构。There is a book on the desk, isnt
8、 there ?桌子上有本书，是吗？There are not any pens in the box, are there?盒子里没笔了，是吗？4. 当陈述句的谓语动词是have时，如果作“有”讲，附加疑问句用have或助动词do的形式；如果表示其他意思时，附加疑问句只用助动词do的形式。You have a nice house, havent/ dont you?你有一所很漂亮的房子，是吗？You often have headaches, dont you?你经常头疼，是吗？We have to finish the work now, dont we?我们必须现在完成工作，是吗？Th
9、ey had a good time last night, didnt they? 他们昨天晚上玩得很开心，是吗？5. 当陈述句的谓语部分含有had better, would rather, would like, ought to时，附加疑问句的谓语动词要用相应的助动词。Youd better go now, hadnt you?你最好现在就走，是吗？Youd rather go there early, wouldnt you?你宁可早点去那里，不是吗？6. 当陈述句的谓语动词含有used to时，附加疑问句的谓语部分用didnt或usednt。He used to get up ea
10、rly, didnt/ usednt he?他过去起床很早，是吗?7.陈述句部分是主从复合句时，附加疑问句部分的代词和助动词要与主句中的主语和动词保持一致。He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? 他不是给我们演讲的人，是吗？He can hardly stay awake because he is so tired, can he? 由于很累，他几乎不能保持醒着。This is the second time that he has been to Japan, isnt it? 这是他第二次去日本，是吗？He said that he wo
11、uld come to my birthday party, didnt he? 他说他要来参加我的生日聚会，是吗？8. 在宾语从句中，如果陈述句部分是“I (dont) think/ believe/ suppose/ imagine/ expect等+宾语从句”， 附加疑问句部分要与宾语从句的主谓保持一致，并且要注意否定转移（前肯后否，前否后肯）。We believe she can do it better, cant she?我们相信她能做得更好，是吗？I dont think you have heard of him before, have you?我认为你以前没有听说过他，是吗
12、？二附加疑问句的回答 附加疑问句的答语与一般疑问句类似 ，注意其与汉语表达习惯的差异 。回答附加疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。1. 附加疑问句的答语与汉语表达的差异：（1）对于“前肯后否”的附加疑问句的回答，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，译成“是的”，事实是否定的，就要用no，译成“不”。（2）对于“前否后肯”的附加疑问句的回答，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，译成“不”，事实是否定的，就要用no，译成“是的”。一Tom is an honest boy, isnt he? 汤姆是个诚实的男孩，是吗？一Yes, he is. We tru
13、st him all the time.是的，我们一直相信他。He likes playing football, doesnt he? 他喜欢踢足球，是吗？No, he doesnt. 不，他不喜欢。You didnt find the owner of the books, did you? 你没有找到书的主人，是吗？No, I didnt. So I gave them to our teacher. 是的，我没有找到。因此我把书交给老师了。His sister didnt attend the meeting, did she?他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？Yes, she did. Sh
14、e spoke at the meeting.不，她参加了。她在会上讲话了。2.祈使句的附加疑问句的肯定回答为“Yes, I will.” ，否定回答为“No, I wont.”。 Write to me when you get home, will you?到家后给我写信好吗？Yes, I will. 好的，我会的。Dont make a noise, will you?不要弄出响声，好吗？No, I wont. 好的，我不会的。三附加疑问部分的读法 陈述部分一般用降调，而附加疑问部分既可用升调也可用降调 ，但含义有所不同 。1. 用升调时，多表示疑问或请求The school team
15、have won the gold medal, havent they? 校队获得了金牌，是吗？2. 用降调时，多表示求证或希望对方同意 。The school team have won the gold medal, havent they? 校队获得了金牌，对吧？【巩固训练】一单项选择1.David never fights with his classmates, _?A. does heB. doesnt he C. isnt he2.Lets go to Disneyland in Shanghai in August, _ ?A. shall we B. will you C.
16、 wont you3. Nancy, sweep the classroom, _?A. dont you B. do you C. will you D. doesnt she4. Thanks to the 2014 Winter Olympics, Sochi is well-known, _?A. isnt itB. was itC. is itD. wasnt it5. Actually, I dont think Spiderman II is as interesting as the first, _? A. does it B. doesnt it C. isnt it D.
17、 is it6. Judys never been late for school, _ she? _. She is always the first to get to school every morning.A. is; Yes B. has; No C. isnt; Yes D. hasnt; No7. Hes already come back to Australia，_?Yes. We watched a movie together last night.A. isnt he B. doesnt he C. hasnt he D. has he8. I dont think
18、she will agree with us, _ ?来源:学科网 A. will she B. wont she C. dont you D. do you9. Ibelievetheycanmakeeverything goodenough, _ ?来A.canthey B. cantthey C. do I D. dont I10. There is a beautiful park near your school, _ ? Yes. I often go walking there.A. isnt there B. is there C. is it D. isnt it11. It
19、 doesnt matter if they want to come to your party, _?A. doesnt itB. does itC. dont theyD. do they12. Its the first time that he has been to Australia, _? A. isnt he B. hasnt he C. isnt it D. hasnt it 13. Tom and Sally could hardly work together, _? A. could they B. couldnt they C. couldnt he D. coul
20、d she 14. When youve finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on the shelf,_?A. do youB. dont youC. will youD. have you15. I told them that I could run as fast as you , _ ?A. could he B. didnt I C. didnt you D. could they 二完成对话1.Its Fathers Day today, _? _,_. lets buy a gift for Dad.2. Do
21、nt be late for school next time, _?_, _. Ill try to be on time.3. There is a beautiful park near your school, _?_, _. I often go walking there.4. The 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing, _? _, _.5. Michael Jordan started to play basketball in college, _?_, _. He first played in a team at senior
22、high school.6. David has been to a boxing match, _?_, _. He always watches boxing on TV.7.-You cant cook, _ - _, _. Im good at cooking.8. You have a nice car, _?_,_. I bought it last year.9. This is the first time that you have been to America, _?_, _. It is the second time that Ive been there.10. A
23、ccording to my grandma, it is a good idea to eat chicken soup when you have a cold, _?_, _. Scientists agree with her. 答案：（一）1-5 AACAD 6-10 BCABA 11-15 BCACB（二）1. isnt it; Yes, it is 2. will you; No, I wont 3. isnt there; Yes, there is 4. werent they; Yes, they were 5. didnt he; No, he didnt 6. hasn
24、t he; No, he hasnt 7. can you; Yes, I can 8. havent/ dont you; Yes, I have/ do 9. isnt it; No, it isnt 10. isnt it; Yes, it is一、单词拼写1. There were more than 5000 people in the s_ when I got there.2. B_ is a sport in which two people fight each other with their hands.3. A quick review of successes and
25、 f at the end of year will help draw up new plans for next year.4. Once you have m a foreign language, you will have more chances to find a job.5. Five other cities had been competing for the h_ of staging the Games.6. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports (比赛项目) are able to be h
26、eld.7. Tom and his classmates often take part in sports like tennis, (羽毛球运动) and swimming.8. To be a world _(冠军) is his dream as an athlete. 9. The driver of the car received a serious _(受伤) to the left leg. 10. He has been the _(队长) of national teams for many years. 二、单句填空1.Visiting Canada had been
27、 our dream,but it was not until last year that we managed to make .2.It is reported that there will be e-sports event in our city next week.3.People bought water balloons filled blue paint and threw them at the runners.4.Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical (fit).5.If
28、 you want to lose weight,too,I recommend (do) exercise in the gym.6.Running for about half an hour around the track made me really (tire).7.Having been in the new school for two months,I still havent got used the life here.8.(million) of people are suffering from starvation in many African countries
29、.9.Life is like a long race where we compete others to go beyond ourselves.10.I must first try my best (pass) the college entrance examination.三、完成句子1.Doctor Brown (树立榜样) to all of us and we must learn from him.2.The worlds transport systems would (崩溃) without a supply of electricity.3.My brother (放
30、弃) his present job and did some business himself.4.Now Id like to have my friend (与分享) you this excitement.5.Oxford (作为而著名) one of the best universities in the world.6.Make sure you have enough time to (为做准备) the coming exam.7.Although he didnt pass the driving test last week,he didnt (失去信心).8.When
31、she (面对困难) in her life,she always gets encouragement from you.四、翻译句子1.慢跑对身体有益。_2.我过去常常踢足球,但是现在我经常打篮球。_3.你能告诉我哪个国家要主办2020年奥运会吗?_4.直到所有的准备都做好了我们才开始工作。(not.until)_5.我真的很想知道如何改进我的英文发音。(疑问词+to do)_参考答案：一、1. stadium2. Boxing3. failures4. mastered5. honour6. events7. badminton8. champion9. injury10. captai
32、n二、1.it2.an3.with4.fitness5.doing/to do6.tired7.to8.Millions9.with10.to pass三完成句子1.set an example2.fall apart3. gave up4.share with5.is famous/known as6.prepare for或be prepared for7.lose heart8.faces difficulties四、翻译句子1. Jogging is beneficial to our health.2. I used to play football/soccer, but now
33、I often play basketball.3. Can you tell me which country will host the 2020 Olympic Games?4. We wont start the work until all the preparations have been made.5. I really want to know how to improve my English pronunciation.一、单项填空1.The sales manager was asked he should recommend to be the organizer o
34、f the next promotion plans.A. whatB. WhomC. howD. when2.Thanks for your interesting ideas but we need _ suggestions to get us out of the mess.A. impressiveB. similarC. practicalD. traditional3.He found another evidence, _ of great importance to the case.A. which I think isB. which I think it isC. wh
35、ich I think itD. I think which is4.The engineer is reported the longest bridge of the country.A. having designedB. have designedC. to have designedD. to design5.I failed the games; I _ it to be so difficult.A. wouldnt expectB. havent expectedC. hadnt expectedD. wasnt expecting6.You should try to rel
36、ax yourself much work you have to do.A. howeverB. althoughC. whateverD. even if7.He me that it was not worth buying and we went back with nothing.A. tried to persuadeB. persuadedC. preferredD. expected8.Tom is nice and lovely, but he be very naughty at times.A. canB. shallC. mustD. should9.With no o
37、ne _, Mary felt lonely.A. talking toB. to talk toC. talked toD. to talk10.Hi, Jay, why do you look so upset?Well, I am today and I have broken 4 cups so far.A. all thumbsB. all earsC. allD. all legs二、完形填空It is true that life is unpredictable. Disasters can _11_ misfortune when faced with it is the t
38、rue test of your character at any time. How you handle. A boy lost his arms in an accident. To take care of him, his younger brother became his _12_, never leaving him alone for years. One late night, he suffered from diarrheal(腹泻). His younger brother _13_ him into the toilet and then went back the
39、 dorm to wait. But being so _14_, his younger brother fell asleep, leaving him on the toilet for two hours till the teacher on duty discovered him. Thus the two brothers grew up together. Then one day, his younger brother wanted to live his own _15_. So the boy was heart-broken.A similar misfortune
40、befell a girl, too. One night alone at home, she tried to _16_ meals for her parents, only to overturn the kerosene light(煤油灯) on the stove, resulting _17_ a fire which took her hands away. Though her elder sister showed her willingness to _18_ her, she was determined to be completely independent.On
41、e day, the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program. The boy expressed his fear for his uncertain future at being left on his own _19_ the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life. They each were asked to write something on a piece of paper. The boy wrote: My yo
42、unger brothers arms are my arms. The girl wrote: Broken wings, flying heart.If you only complain about your suffering, it will always follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be _20_, the hardship will turn out to be a fortune on which new hopes will arise.11. A. beatB. hitC. strikeD. fight1
43、2. A. adultB. educatorC. shadowD. host13. A. persuadedB. permittedC. allowedD. accompanied14. A. enthusiasticB. optimisticC. tiredD. disappointed15. A. futureB. fateC. lifeD. happiness16. A. exchangeB. buyC. orderD. prepare17. A. inB. fromC. forD. upon18. A. put awayB. attend toC. pickupD. concentrate on19. A. howeverB. besidesC.