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1、Unit 1 TEENAGE LIFE1.2 Discovering Useful Structures 名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词, 在句子里可以单独构成一种句子成分。 一名词短语: 指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。名词短语通常是由名词及其修饰语构成。（一）名词短语的组成 1.前置定语+名词作前置定语的主要有：限定词、名词所有格、数词、形容词、名词、单个的分词或动名词等。注意：限定词包括： 冠词 （a / an / the )、指 示代词 （this、that、these、those等 ）、 物主代词 （my 、yo
2、ur、his、her、our、their 等 ）和不定 代词（some、 no 、neither、 both 等 ）What is your sisters favorite color?你姐姐最喜欢的颜色是什么？The online shop sells childrens and mens shoes at a very low price.网店以低廉的价格销售儿童和男士的鞋子。Our school has fifty-six women teachers.我们学校有56个女教师。Mom, please give me two tomatoes. I want to make vegeta
3、ble salad.妈妈，请给我两个西红柿，我想做蔬菜沙拉。The sleeping child is his son.正在睡觉的孩子是他的儿子.The fallen leaves are like a thick blanket on the ground. 落叶像一层厚厚的毯子盖在地上。He went to the swimming pool.他去游泳池了.2.名词+后置定语作后置定语的主要有：介词短语、分词、不定式等。Here are two nice photos of my family.这儿有两张我家的好看的相片。As we all know, Mountain Tai is th
4、e pride of Shandong. 众所周知，泰山是山东的骄傲。If you dont know the way to the science museum, here is a map of the city. 如果你不知道去科技博物馆的路，这是城市地图。There are some boys playing basketball over there. 有一些男孩正在那边打篮球。Do you know the man talking to Tom?你认识正在和汤姆谈话的那个人吗？The problem discussed yesterday has been solved. 昨天讨论
5、的问题被解决了。Nowadays some products made in China are both good and cheap. 现在很多中国制造的产品质量好且便宜。The man to give us a talk next week is a scientist.下周要给我们作报告的人是个科学家。Tu Youyou is the first Chinese to win the prize in science. 屠呦呦是第一个获得科学奖的中国人。（二）名词短语的功能 名词短语在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。1.作主语The broken glass ma
6、y cut into your hand if you touch it. 如果你触摸它，坏了的玻璃杯可能会划伤你的手。-The best season to come to Yichang is spring. 到宜昌的最佳季节是春季。-I think so. The green water and green mountains are unforgettable我也是这样看的。青山绿水令人难忘。The houses built last year are for the teachers. 去年建成的那些房子是为老师们建的。2.作宾语Id like tomato noodles for
7、breakfast. 早餐我想要西红柿面条。Jacks mother cant go to the parents meeting because she is too busy. 杰克的妈妈不能参加家长会，因为她太忙了。Do you have this T-shirt in a small size? 你有小号的这款T恤吗？3.作表语Excuse me! Is this Lucy and Lilys new house? 打扰一下，这是露西和莉莉的新房子吗？He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这个工作最好的人选。This is the method o
8、f cooking the tasty cookie.这就是做这种美味甜饼的方法。4.作宾语补足语We made Tom our group leader. 我们选汤姆当我们的组长。More and more foreigners consider Beijing Opera an important part of Chinese culture. 越来越多的外国人认为京剧是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。二形容词短语（一） 形容词短语的组成 1.副词+形容词注意：enough修饰形容词，放在所修饰的形容词之后。The little boy is very clever. 这个小男孩很聪明。My
9、 deskmate is really active. 我的同桌真的是很活泼。Im terribly sorry. 我非常抱歉。She feels quite happy. 她感到很开心。Tom is much more friendly and he has more friends. 汤姆（对人）更友好，他有更多的朋友。This coat was much too expensive.这件大衣太贵了。This movie wasnt interesting enough. 这部电影不足够有趣。You cant be careful enough. 你怎么小心也不为过。2. 形容词+介词短语
10、Hisface waswhitewithanger. 他的脸气得发白。The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。3. 形容词+不定式短语He is sure to come. 他一定会来的。Heiseagertoseehisparents. 他急切地想见到父母。（二）形容词短语的功能 形容词短语在句中当作形容词用，一般可用作定语（修饰名词或代词）、表语、宾语补足语或状语。1. 作定语My little sister is a very curious girl and she always asks me strange questions.我的小妹妹是一个好奇
11、心强的女孩，她总是问我奇怪的问题。Tom is a student always ready to help others. 汤姆是个学生，总是乐于助人。2. 作表语The sweater is too expensive，and I dont have enough money to buy it. 那件毛衣太贵了，我没有足够的钱买。Robot is so busy that he even has no time to stay with his children at weekends.罗伯特如此忙,以至于周末他没有时间和孩子待在一起。Hecantdoanything,hescomple
12、telygoodfornothing!他什么都干不了，一点也没用。3. 作宾语补足语Helping others makes us very proud. 帮助别人使我们非常自豪。 I find the book easy to understand.我发现这本书很好懂。4. 作状语After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired. 长途旅行后他们三人回家了，又累又饿。Curious enough，Danny opened the box to see what was in it. 出于好奇，
13、丹尼打开了那只盒子，想看看里面是什么。三副词短语（一） 副词短语的组成 副词+副词注意：very ,quite, extremely等程度副词修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之前；enough修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之后。He runs very quickly.他跑的很快。You are speaking too fast. Can you speak a little more slowly?你说得太快了，你能说慢一点儿吗？You speak clearly enough. I can follow you. 你讲得足够清楚，我能听懂。（二） 副词短语的功能 1.修饰动词He speaks
14、 English quite fluently. 他英语说得很流利。2. 修饰形容词The instructions on the box are really very confusing.盒子上的使用说明令人费解。3.修饰副词The fire spreadfartoofast.大火蔓延得太快了。4.修饰句子Luckily enough, we won the first prize for the competition. 足够幸运的是，我们获得了比赛的第一名。总之，短语是英语中较大的词块,灵活地掌握词块,对丰富学生的词汇量,提高学生的阅读和写作水平会起到事半功倍的作用。一、单词拼写1.S
15、chools need _（志愿者）to help children to read.2.The two sides _（辩论）whether to raise the price of school meals3.The China-US trade war has now become a hot _（话题）.4.Online gaming allows players from around the world to _（挑战） each other.5.Our company will offer more jobs to university _（毕业生）this year.6.Br
16、itish Airlines is putting on an _（额外的）flight to London tomorrow.7.It is important to explain this again or we will _（使弄混）the students.8. We are trying to find s_ to global warming.9 .Now she is planning our s_ for the trip.10. This park in France uses the most a_ technology.二、单句语法填空1.The (solve) of
17、the problem has just come to me.2.The ending of the film made him a little (confuse).3.I think he was born to be an (edit) of a newspaper.4.It seems that (read) English is easier than speaking it.5.Is it worthwhile (bargain) two hours for two cents?6.(obvious) he is interested in music as well as in
18、 painting.7.It is no use (operate) on the sick man. He should have been sent here early.8.For years, he has been studying roof greening, a method of (improve) the environment.9.The new measures which have been taken show Chinas sense of (responsible) as a major country.10.Chinese doctors have brough
19、t (advance) medical technology and experience which could help not only patients but also doctors in Africa.三、用方框内的短语完成下列句子（一）get used to, hand out, be responsible for, keep up with, make the team, on ones own, be prepared for, sign up1.He tells me that whatever may happen, he it.2.The air is rather
20、 thin here, but youll it in time.3.He never joins with us; he always plays .4.Youll never if you dont turn up for training.5.The club a new goalkeeper this season.6.When at college, I often advertisements after school.7.These volunteers collecting plastic bags on the beach.8.China is determined to i
21、mprove its laws to ensure they the changing times.（二）be focused on; from generation to generation; sign up; prefer to; in advance; clean up; be suitable for; be responsible for; be attracted to; be addicted to9. It is natural for people to_ beautiful things.10. These stories have been passed down_.1
22、1. Nowadays most kids_ watching TV _ reading.12. The students took turns to _ their classroom.13. This programme_ children.14. Can I _ for this course in advance? 15. Its cheaper if you book the tickets _.16. The school _ your childs safety.17. He_ computer games.18. Most of us _ our tasks in the mo
23、rning than we are later in the day.一、单词拼写1. volunteers2. debated3. topic 4. challenge5. graduates6. extra 7. confuse 8 solutions 9. schedule 10. advanced二、单句语法填空1.solution2.confused3.editor4.reading5.bargaining或to bargain6.Obviously7.operating8.improving9.responsibility10.advanced三、用方框内的短语完成下列句子1.is
24、 prepared for2.get used to3.on his own4.make the team5.signed up6.handed out7.are responsible for8.keep up with9.be attracted to 10.from generation to generation11. prefer；to 12. clean up 13. is suitable for 14. sign up 15. in advance 16. is responsible for 17.is addicted to 18.are more focused on一、
25、单项选择。1.Go Go Squid is _ very popular TV play and many people enjoy it.A. aB. anC. theD. /2.When we meet problems, we should try to solve them by _.A. weB. usC. oursD. ourselves3.The Olympic Winter Games will start in China _ February 20th, 2022.A. inB. onC. atD. of4.Zhang Lin is a popular _ in this
26、school and most of her students are her fans.A. farmerB. doctorC. workerD. teacher5.“The Belt and Road” will help to _ markets for China as well as other countries along.A. pick upB. set upC. put upD. get up6.There are fewer and fewer tigers in the world. The situation will continue _ humans stop ki
27、lling them for fur and bones.A. ifB. sinceC. unlessD. because7. I think good health is _ than any other thing.I quite agree. Its said that without good health, all the other things are ZERO.A. more importantB. less importantC. most importantD. least important8. I called you yesterday afternoon. But
28、you didnt answer me.Yesterday afternoon? Oh, I _ in Olympic Sports Center.A. am swimmingB. swimC. was swimmingD. will swim9.一 Mike, dont make so much noise. Its too late.一_. Ill go to bed right now.A. Not badB. Youd better notC. Yes, I willD. Sorry, I wont10. Could you tell me _?OK. Ill show you the
29、 way later.A. when did you work out the problem in such a short timeB. where you worked out the problem in such a short timeC. which did you work out the problem in such a short timeD. how you worked out the problem in such a short time二、完形填空。Right after lunch, Mother found she had got a cold. She d
30、id need a rest in bed. But first she had a few things to do. Prepare the meat for _11_. Leave a note for the cleanersAt last, she fell into bed, soon asleepThen the door banged(砰地一声) open as the _12_ came home from school. “Mom! Mom! Where are you?” “Didnt you even get up yet?” “What about dinner?”“
31、Im sick. And I cant do anything. Ill have to leave all to _13_ . Cook the potatoes. Take care of the baby. Put plates, spoons and forks on the table.”“Wonderful!” “No problem!” The children ran off _14_. Mother was left in her quiet room. She felt terrible! But everyone else seemed great. In fact, t
32、here seemed to be a party going on with loud laughs _15_ the children.There was a sudden crash (破碎声). Then a voice shouted, “Get the baby out of the way _16_ he cuts himself. Dont break Moms rest!”Another crash came! The younger girl rushed in with news. “They _17_ your plate and the dog ate all you
33、r dinner.”The girl ran off. There was more noise until, finally, the children appear, _18_. They were proud of what they brought. There is a glass of water, three beans, a cold boiled potato and a small piece of burned meat.Suddenly, Mother felt _19_ . As the children watched carefully, she ate her
34、cold dinner. “Everything _20_so good,” Mom smiled. “Thank you, my kids. I feel better now.”11. A. teaB. breakfastC. lunchD. dinner12. A. fatherB. cleanersC. childrenD. dog13. A. youB. meC. herD. him14. A. excitedlyB. sadlyC. quietlyD. angrily15. A. inB. withC. fromD. under16. A. afterB. beforeC. whe
35、nD. until17. A. madeB. droppedC. soldD. changed18. A. cryingB. smilingC. cookingD. sleeping19. A. tiredB. afraidC. weakD. great20. A. tastesB. looksC. smellsD. sounds三、阅读理解。阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。AMr. Brown was a writer. He wrote many books, and he thought they were quite good.
36、 He lived in the city. One morning, he went to a small town near the city to visit a friend. He went there by bus. When he got to the town, he saw a bookshop not far from the bus stop. As it was early, he decided to go in and have a look. There were many books in the shop. He was very happy that all
37、 the books in the shop were written by him. “Where are other writers books?” he asked the man in the shop. The man looked up at him and answered. “Oh, they are all sold out.”21. Mr. Brown was a _.A. teacherB. doctorC. writerD. farmer22. Mr. Brown went to the town to _.A. visit his friendB. sell his
38、booksC. have a holidayD. buy a present23. All the books in the shop were written by Mr. Brown because _.A. the man in the shop only liked his booksB. the man in the shop was Mr. Browns friendC. his books were better than the other writersD. the others book were all sold outBWhen your pen is broken,
39、the batteries (电池) in your toys run out, or you have some leftover food, what will you do with these things? You will probably throw them all into one bin. But actually, all of these pieces of rubbish need to be sorted (分类) separately.Rubbish sorting is a big problem worldwide. In recent years, some
40、 Chinese cities have been working hard on it. Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green account (账户)” service. Account owners get points by correctly sorting their rubbish. Through the Alipay app, they can exchange the points for milk, phone cards or other products. The city is asking all p
41、eople living there to sort their rubbish into four groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.Wet waste is something you dont want but that pigs can eat. Plastics, glass, paper and other things that can be reused are recyclable waste. Harmful waste includes things like medicine, batteries and bulbs. F
42、inally, any waste thats not wet, recyclable or harmful will go in the “dry waste” bin.Many other Chinese cities are also sorting their rubbish in this way. For example, Shenzhen has been doing this since 2012. Students there also receive waste-sorting guidebooks that they must study.In fact, there a
43、re still many workers specially working for sorting rubbish by hand in China. There is still a long way to go. But its never too late for every Chinese to learn how to sort rubbish properly and protect the environment.If you dont sort your rubbish, all of it will go to a landfill (垃圾填埋场) and be buri
44、ed together.These landfills can take up much ground that could be used for planting. The electronic waste you throw away, such as batteries or used mobile phones, can cause pollution. Other pieces of rubbish, like the metal part of a pen, can be used to make other things if they are properly recycle
45、d.24. Shanghai creates the “green account” service in order to _.A. work with the Alipay appB. punish those who dont sort rubbishC. exchange useful productsD. encourage people to sort their rubbish25. Things below are harmful waste EXCEPT _.A. medicine.B. batteriesC. plasticsD. bulbs26. After drinking up the milk, you can put the milk box into a “_ waste” bin.A. wetB. recyclableC. harmfulD. dry27. The last paragraph is mainly about _.A. why we should sort rubbish properl