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1、 1/6 语法填空高考真题全方位解析+二次开发(教师版)2021 年全国甲卷 体裁 记叙文 梗概 本篇文章主要讲述了作者一行人在西安古城墙上骑行游览的经历。结构 Para.1：西安古城墙简介。Para.2：我们从南门进入城墙。Para.3：我们决定在古城墙上骑行。Para.4：我们的骑行历程。考点 分布 第 61、63、64、65、66、69、70 题有提示词（7 个），第 62、67、68 题无提示词（3 个）。解题 步骤 Step 1：浏览全文，理解大意。Step 2：分析考查题目所在句的句子成分，确定空格处应该填入的词性。Step 3：结合考查题目给出的信息是有提示词还是无提示词解题。S
2、tep 4：先易后难，逐个突破。Step 5：复盘检查，修正错误。解题 思路 无提示词考虑填：冠、连（从句引导词/并列连词）、介、副词、助动词。1)如果空格后面是句子，则考查关系词和连词 2)如果空格后面是短语，则考查介词 3)句子和短语的根本区别：是否有谓语、时态 有提示词，给出的提示词分别为动词、形容词/副词、名词、代词 1)确定句子“主谓宾”，2)借助上下文，确定需要填的单词的词性、形式和功能。句子 成分 主 谓 系 宾 表 定 状 补 The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas l
3、ong history.It v.v.保存下来保存下来,幸存幸存 61._(build)originally to protect the city 62._the Tang Dynasty and has now adv.adv.原始地原始地,最初地最初地 been completely restored(修复).It is possible 63._(walk)or bike the entire 14 kilometers.adj.adj.完整的完整的,全部的全部的 We accessed the wall through the South Gate.The wall is 12 me
4、ters high and from here you can v.v.进入进入 see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.人流人流 After 64._(spend)some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,we 防御设备防御设备 decided it was time for some action and what 65._(good)than to ride on a piece of history!We 66._(hire
5、)our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.My bike was old adj.adj.租用的租用的 and shaky 67._ did the job.It took us about 3 hours to go all 68._ way adj.adj.摇摇晃晃的摇摇晃晃的 around the Xian City Wall.Supposedly you can do it in two hours,but we stopped at the different 2/6 adv.adv.据说据说 gates and 69._(
6、watchtower)to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 70._(day)routines.n.n.常规惯例常规惯例 答案解析 It 61._(build)originally to protect the city 62._the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now b
7、een completely restored(修复).答案 61.was build 考查谓语被动语态+谓语时态-一般过去时 思路 当句子中缺少谓语动词时，给出提示动词就是谓语动词，要考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等四个方面。解析 根据主语 It(指代 The Xian City Wall)为物体作主语，需要用被动语态，又因为整句话无谓语动词，所以挖空处需要填写谓语动词的被动语态。根据后文 the Tang dynasty 表示修建的时间在过去可知本句为一般过去时。答案 62.in 考查介词搭配 思路 in+一段时间 解析 介词使用 It is possible 63._(walk)or b
8、ike the entire 14 kilometers.It is possible to walk or bike the entire 14 kilometers.答案 63.to walk 考查非谓语动词-动词不定式 思路 当句中已有谓语动词，挖空处前面又没有并列连词，所给的提示词是动词时，挖空处要填非谓语动词。要根据非谓语动词的用法确定其具体形式（to do,doing,done）。解析 本题是特殊句型 it be+adj.to do sth.,it 作形式主语,真正主语是 to do 不定式。After 64._(spend)some time looking at all the
9、 defensive equipment at the wall,we decided it was time for some action and what 65._(good)than to ride on a piece of history!After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!3/6 答案 6
10、4.spending 考查非谓语动词-动名词 思路 当句中已有谓语动词，挖空处前面又没有并列连词，所给的提示词是动词时，挖空处要填非谓语动词。要根据非谓语动词的用法确定其具体形式（to do,doing,done）。解析 根据本题挖空处前是介词，后面要加动名词，且 spend 与后面 some time 是主动关系，因此使用动名词的主动形式。答案 65.better 考查形容词-比较级 思路 空格处的提示词为形容词或副词，根据语境和句意，如果不需要改变词性和含义的话，则需要填该词的比较级或者最高级。解析 根据填空处后有 than，这里应该使用形容词，因此用形容词的比较级。We 66._(hir
11、e)our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.答案 66.hired 考查谓语主动语态+谓语时态-一般过去时 思路 当句子中缺少谓语动词时，给出提示动词就是谓语动词，要考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等四个方面。解析 根据主语 We 为人作主语，需要用主动语态，又因为整句话无谓语动词，所以挖空处需要填写谓语动词的主动语态。根据前后句意可知本句为一般过去时。My bike was old and shaky 67._ did
12、 the job.My bike was old and shaky but did the job.答案 67.but 考查连词-并列连词 思路 若并列的两个或多个单词、短语或句子之间没有连接词，可根据前后部分是并列关系（and）、选择关系（or）还是转折关系（but），填恰当的并列连词。解析 根据句意，前半句说我租的自行车破旧又摇晃，后半句又说完成了游览，前后明显为转折关系，此空需填 but。It took us about 3 hours to go all 68._ way around the Xian City Wall.It took us about 3 hours to go
13、 all the way around the Xian City Wall.答案 68.the 考查冠词-定冠词。思路 当挖空处设在没有限定词的名词前，特别是单数可数名词前，通常填冠词。也有可能要求填不定代词 some/any/other/another 等。解析 本题是固定搭配，all the way 的意思是“一路上,全程”。Supposedly you can do it in two hours,but we stopped at the different gates and 69._(watchtower)to take pictures or just to watch the
14、 local people going about their 70._(day)4/6 routines.Supposedly you can do it in two hours,but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.答案 69.watchtowers 考查名词复数 思路 若提示词是名词时，又在句中作主语或宾语时，考虑用名词复数形式。解析 watchtow
15、er“瞭望塔”是可数名词，前有 different 修饰，且需和 gates 形式保持一致,用复数。答案 70.daily 考查词类转换-名词转换形容词 思路 当空格处所需词类与提示词类不同时，需要词类转换。解析 空格后 routines 为名词，需要用形容词词修饰名词。语法填空考点自我检测卡 考点考查 题号 是否正确 原因分析 复数 69 所有格 名词 词性转化 70 时态 61，66 语态 61 谓语 主谓一致 61 to do 63 doing 64 非谓语 done 动词 词性转换 比较级或最高级 65 实词(有提示)形容词 词性转化 5/6 代词1 格的转换 冠词 a,an,the
16、68 固定搭配 62 介词 习惯用法 并列连词 67 定语从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 连词 从属连词 状语从句 代词2 it 的用法 语境代词 虚词(无提示)不定代词 拓展练习 一、词汇积累 1.supposedly adv.据说,据传 2.access v.接近,进入,访问(计算机)n.入口,通道,机会,使用权 3.routine n.惯例,常规 二、一词多义 1.survive v.度过 She coughed and choked and could hardly survive her first few weeks.【2021天津卷完形】翻译：她咳嗽,呼吸困难,几
17、乎没能度过最初的几周。2.picture v.想象 He pictured a cool glass of juice to relieve summer heat.翻译：他想象着喝一杯清凉的果汁来解暑。三、词性变化 1.survive v.幸存,留存,活下来 survivor n.幸存者,生还者 survival n.幸存 2.entire adj.整个的,全部的 entirely adv.完全地,全部地 3.defend v.保卫,守卫 defense n.防御,守卫 defensive adj.防御性的 4.origin n.起源 original adj.原始的,最初的 n.原著,原创
18、作品 originally adv.原始地,最初 四、介词搭配 all the way 一路上，全程；(时间上)自始自终；完全地，尽力地 1.她去学校的全程都在听同一首歌。【中译英】6/6 She listened to the same song all the way to school.2.We were best friends all the way through high school.【英译中】我们高中阶段一直都是好朋友。3.My mother supports me all the way.【填空】五、翻译练习 Supposedly you can do it in two
19、hours,but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.（英译汉）据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和瞭望塔处停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人过着他们日常的生活。六、句子仿写 1.we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers in order to take pictures.2.we stopped a
20、t the different gates and watchtowers so as to take pictures.3.we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers so that we could take pictures.4.we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers in order that we could take pictures.【句式提取】目的状语 in order to do so as to do so that+从句 in order that+从句【仿
21、写练习】我们要从错误中吸取教训，以便在将来成为更好的人。We should learn a lesson from our mistakes in order to be a better person in the future.We should learn a lesson from our mistakes so as to be a better person in the future.We should learn a lesson from our mistakes so that we can be a better person in the future.We should learn a lesson from our mistakes in order that we can be a better person in the future.