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1、语法填空高考真题全方位解析+二次开发 (教师版)2021年全国甲卷体裁记叙文梗概本篇文章主要讲述了作者一行人在西安古城墙上骑行游览的经历。结构Para.1：西安古城墙简介。Para.2：我们从南门进入城墙。Para.3：我们决定在古城墙上骑行。Para.4：我们的骑行历程。考点分布第61、63、64、65、66、69、70题有提示词（7个），第62、67、68题无提示词（3个）。解题步骤Step 1：浏览全文，理解大意。Step 2：分析考查题目所在句的句子成分，确定空格处应该填入的词性。Step 3：结合考查题目给出的信息是有提示词还是无提示词解题。Step 4：先易后难，逐个突破。Step
2、 5：复盘检查，修正错误。解题思路无提示词考虑填：冠、连（从句引导词/并列连词）、介、副词、助动词。1) 如果空格后面是句子，则考查关系词和连词2) 如果空格后面是短语，则考查介词3) 句子和短语的根本区别：是否有谓语、时态有提示词，给出的提示词分别为动词、形容词/副词、名词、代词1) 确定句子“主谓宾”，2) 借助上下文，确定需要填的单词的词性、形式和功能。句子成分主谓系宾表定状补The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas long history. It v.保存下来,幸存61._ (
3、build) originally to protect the city 62._the Tang Dynasty and has now adv.原始地,最初地been completely restored (修复). It is possible 63._(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. adj.完整的,全部的We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can v.进入see streams of peo
4、ple moving inside and outside the City Wall. 人流After 64._(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we 防御设备decided it was time for some action and what 65._(good) than to ride on a piece of history!We 66._(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike wa
5、s old adj.租用的and shaky 67._ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 68._ way adj.摇摇晃晃的around the Xian City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different adv.据说gates and 69._ (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 70._(
6、day) routines. n.常规惯例答案解析It 61._ (build) originally to protect the city 62._the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).答案61. was build 考查谓语被动语态+谓语时态-一般过去时思路当句子中缺少谓语动词时，给出提示动词就是谓语
7、动词，要考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等四个方面。解析根据主语It(指代The Xian City Wall)为物体作主语，需要用被动语态，又因为整句话无谓语动词，所以挖空处需要填写谓语动词的被动语态。根据后文the Tang dynasty表示修建的时间在过去可知本句为一般过去时。答案62. in 考查介词搭配思路in + 一段时间解析介词使用It is possible 63._(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.It is possible to walk or bike the entire 14 kilometers.答案63. to wa
8、lk 考查非谓语动词-动词不定式思路当句中已有谓语动词，挖空处前面又没有并列连词，所给的提示词是动词时，挖空处要填非谓语动词。要根据非谓语动词的用法确定其具体形式（to do, doing, done）。解析本题是特殊句型it be + adj. to do sth., it作形式主语,真正主语是to do不定式。After 64._(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 65._(good) tha
9、n to ride on a piece of history!After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!答案64. spending 考查非谓语动词-动名词思路当句中已有谓语动词，挖空处前面又没有并列连词，所给的提示词是动词时，挖空处要填非谓语动词。要根据非谓语动词的用法确定其具体形式（to do, do
10、ing, done）。解析根据本题挖空处前是介词，后面要加动名词，且spend与后面some time是主动关系，因此使用动名词的主动形式。答案65. better 考查形容词-比较级思路空格处的提示词为形容词或副词，根据语境和句意，如果不需要改变词性和含义的话，则需要填该词的比较级或者最高级。解析根据填空处后有than，这里应该使用形容词，因此用形容词的比较级。We 66._(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. We hired our bikes from the rental place at the Sout
11、h Gate.答案66. hired 考查谓语主动语态+谓语时态-一般过去时思路当句子中缺少谓语动词时，给出提示动词就是谓语动词，要考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等四个方面。解析根据主语We为人作主语，需要用主动语态，又因为整句话无谓语动词，所以挖空处需要填写谓语动词的主动语态。根据前后句意可知本句为一般过去时。My bike was old and shaky 67._ did the job.My bike was old and shaky but did the job.答案67. but 考查连词-并列连词思路若并列的两个或多个单词、短语或句子之间没有连接词，可根据前后部分是并列关系
12、（and）、选择关系（or）还是转折关系（but），填恰当的并列连词。解析根据句意，前半句说我租的自行车破旧又摇晃，后半句又说完成了游览，前后明显为转折关系，此空需填but。It took us about 3 hours to go all 68._ way around the Xian City Wall.It took us about 3 hours to go all the way around the Xian City Wall.答案68. the 考查冠词-定冠词。思路当挖空处设在没有限定词的名词前，特别是单数可数名词前，通常填冠词。也有可能要求填不定代词some/any/
13、other/another等。解析本题是固定搭配，all the way 的意思是“一路上, 全程”。Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 69._ (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 70._(day) routines.Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the d
14、ifferent gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.答案69. watchtowers 考查名词复数思路若提示词是名词时，又在句中作主语或宾语时，考虑用名词复数形式。解析watchtower“瞭望塔”是可数名词，前有different修饰，且需和gates形式保持一致,用复数。答案70. daily 考查词类转换-名词转换形容词思路当空格处所需词类与提示词类不同时，需要词类转换。解析空格后routines为名词，需要用
15、形容词词修饰名词。语法填空考点自我检测卡考点考查题号是否正确原因分析实词(有提示)名词复数69所有格词性转化70动词谓语时态61，66语态61主谓一致61非谓语to do63doing64done词性转换形容词比较级或最高级65词性转化代词1格的转换虚词(无提示)冠词a, an, the68介词固定搭配62习惯用法连词并列连词67从属连词定语从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句状语从句代词2it的用法语境代词不定代词拓展练习一、词汇积累1. supposedlyadv. 据说,据传2. access v. 接近,进入,访问(计算机) n.入口,通道,机会,使用权3. routine n. 惯
16、例,常规二、一词多义1. survive v. 度过 She coughed and choked and could hardly survive her first few weeks.【2021天津卷完形】翻译：她咳嗽,呼吸困难,几乎没能度过最初的几周。2. picture v. 想象He pictured a cool glass of juice to relieve summer heat. 翻译：他想象着喝一杯清凉的果汁来解暑。三、词性变化1. survive v. 幸存,留存,活下来 survivor n. 幸存者,生还者 survival n. 幸存2. entire adj
17、. 整个的,全部的 entirely adv. 完全地,全部地3. defend v. 保卫,守卫 defense n. 防御,守卫 defensive adj. 防御性的4. origin n. 起源 original adj. 原始的,最初的 n.原著,原创作品 originally adv. 原始地,最初四、介词搭配all the way 一路上，全程；(时间上)自始自终；完全地，尽力地1. 她去学校的全程都在听同一首歌。【中译英】She listened to the same song all the way to school.2. We were best friends all
18、 the way through high school. 【英译中】我们高中阶段一直都是好朋友。3. My mother supports me all the way.【填空】五、翻译练习Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.（英译汉）据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大
19、门和瞭望塔处停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人过着他们日常的生活。六、句子仿写1. we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers in order to take pictures.2. we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers so as to take pictures .3. we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers so that we could take pictures .4. we stopped at the di
20、fferent gates and watchtowers in order that we could take pictures .【句式提取】目的状语in order to doso as to doso that+从句in order that+从句【仿写练习】我们要从错误中吸取教训，以便在将来成为更好的人。We should learn a lesson from our mistakes in order to be a better person in the future.We should learn a lesson from our mistakes so as to be a better person in the future.We should learn a lesson from our mistakes so that we can be a better person in the future.We should learn a lesson from our mistakes in order that we can be a better person in the future. 6 / 6