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1、阅读理解B高考真题全方位解析+二次开发 (教师版)2022年新高考卷体裁说明文梗概介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。结构Para.1: 从作者角度开头，引入食物浪费的主题。Para.2-3: 描述食物浪费的现状。Para.4-5: 解决食物浪费的方法和号召。Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was to make adj. 留心的a nice green salad, rounding out a r
2、oast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends 圆满完成called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. 24But as days passed, the arugula 把放（某处） n. 冰箱went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a
3、world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the 25Amoral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this months cover story. Its jaw-dropping how 道德粒度，该术语用于指代道德决策的微小细节。 封面故事 adj. 令人惊愕的，令人震惊的much perfectly good food is thrown away-from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetab
4、les rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.n. 杂货商 垃圾桶题干24. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?解题步骤Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词 (1-2个) 寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题思路定位标志的选择原则1) 明显定位标志：大写字母
5、；数字；敏感词(序数词，最高级，唯一性only, unique)。2) 核心概念定位：优先选择名词，最好所有名词都找到；其次形容词和副词，最后是动词。3) 定位词的同义替换。定位根据题干关键词by telling the arugula story可定位至第一段，找到例子所说内容，分析前后文找到例子的目的。选项A. We pay little attention to food waste.根据文章第一句的try to be mindful of可知该选项的little为正话反说。B. We waste food unintentionally at times.unthinkingly和un
6、intentionally为同义转换。C. We waste more vegetables than meat.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。D. We have good reasons for wasting food.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。答案指向句翻译24. 但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变质了。25Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That n.燃料makes food waste an environmental pro
7、blem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.” n.造成者，生产者题干25. What is a consequence of food waste according to the test?解题步骤Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词 (1-2个) 寻找答案指向句。Step 4
8、：选择答案。解题思路根据题干关键词consequence可知需要归纳总结定位段落第二段的内容。定位根据题干关键词food waste定位到文章中第三段，对应environmental problem进行选择。选项A.25A Moral decline.此选项内容 moral在第二段复现，但是和文章里面句子表达内容不一致。违背道德和道德水平下降是不同的概念。B. Environmental harm.根据定位段落的environmental problem可知选择选项B。C. Energy shortage.本段只在第一句中提到水、燃料和其他资源的使用，后面明确表示是环境问题，该选项的错点为以偏
9、概全。D. Worldwide starvation.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。答案指向句翻译25. 生产无人食用的食物会浪费用于种植的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。If thats hard to understand, lets keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time-but for him, its more like 12 boxes of =freezer，冰箱 始终，一直
10、donated strawberries nearing their last days. 26Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, DC, which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 把变成807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that 接受捐赠otherwise would
11、have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or v.腐烂dry them for use in meals down the road.题干26. What does Curtins company do?解题步骤Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词 (1-2个) 寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题思路根据题干关键词Curtins company可定位到第四段的定语
12、从句进行修饰的部分。定位根据题干关键词Curtins company do定位到第四段修饰成分，并根据翻译内容turn into可知该公司为食品加工。选项A. It produces kitchen equipment.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.把turn into和上文的arugula进行一个拼凑的选项，无中生有。C. It helps local farmers grow fruits.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.
13、从Curtin的介绍中可明确得知这家公司回收食物并加工，变废为宝。答案指向句翻译26. 科廷是华盛顿特区DC中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司回收食物并将其转化为健康膳食。Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just dont think. “27Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or =buy，购买by asking restaurants to
14、not include the side dish you wont eat,” Curtin says. 配菜题干27. What does Curtin suggest people do?解题步骤Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词 (1-2个) 寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题思路根据题干关键词suggest可知需要找双引号的引语部分。定位根据题干关键词suggest定位到第五段双引号，并根据whether by not.or by . 翻译可知Curtin的建议内容。选项A.
15、 Buy only what is needed.文中说不要购买超过必要数量的食物，肯定的说法就是只买必要品。B. Reduce food consumption.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。C. Go shopping once a week.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。D. Eat in restaurants less often.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。答案指向句翻译27. 每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周购物时不要购买超过必要数量的食物，还是要求餐馆不要加你不吃的配菜。拓展练习一、词汇积累1. recover 词性v.词义找回2. resourc
16、e 词性n.词义资源3. rot 词性v.词义腐烂4. purchase 词性v.词义购买5. obvious 词性adj.词义显然的二、核心词汇（或短语）的同义替换1. be mindful of = pay attention to2. end up doing = finish doing3. freezer = refrigerator4. turn into = change5. purchase = buy三、词形变化（派生词）1. mindful ad. 留心的 mind n. 思维，头脑2. invitation n. 邀请 invite v. 邀请3. freezer n.
17、冰箱 freeze v. 结冰，冻住4. donation n. 捐款 donate v. 捐赠5. obvious adj. 明显的 obviously adv. 明显地四、一词多义way 1. c Youll pass a bank on the way to the train station. a. 程度副词2. b She has a special way of smiling.b. 样子3. d Youre not going about the job in the right way.c. 路途4. a I feel that they are way too practic
18、al.d. 方法keep 1. a I like to keep in shape. a. 保持2. b The company is committed to keeping its leading b. 处于position in the distribution of china made products. 3. c People keep a dog to scare away thieves.c. 饲养五、作文素材积累Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food tha
19、n necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you wont eat.【赏析】1. play a part in doing sth.可与sth. is important近义替换。2. whether by. or by.当有两项选择时，可以使用该句型进行造句。【译文】每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周购物时不要购买超过必要数量的食物，还是要求餐馆不要添加你不吃的配菜。【仿写】每个人都可以在保护环境方面发挥作用，无论是在购物时使用布袋子，还是洗手后关闭水龙头。Everyone can play a part in protecting the environment, whether by using cloth bags when you go shopping or by closing taps after washing hands. 5 / 5