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1、题组3环境保护专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练A(2017河西区二模河西区二模)Air pollution is getting more and more serious in many places around the world.The fact that public parks in cities become crowded proves that people long to breathe in green，open spaces.And，in these surroundings，they are generally both peaceful and peaceable.It
2、 is rare to see people being at odds or even fighting in a garden.It seems to be proved that if human beings can freely breathe and share air，there is no primary reason for them to struggle with one another.But do we only sense what life could be when we enjoy green spaces?The plant world silently s
3、hows us what a reflection of life truthfully is.It also helps us to a new beginning，urging us to care for our breath.We must，in turn，care for it，opposing any sort of pollution that destroys both our world and that of plants.The interdependence to which we must pay the closest attention is what exist
4、s between ourselves and the plant world.Often described as“the lungs of the planet”，the woods that cover the earth offer us the gift of breathable air by releasing oxygen.But their capacity to renew the air polluted by industry has long reached its limit.If we continue to pollute the air by filling
5、it with chemicals and destroy the ability of plants to restore it we will soon pull our world into an unavoidable disaster.Humans must learn to share life，both with each other and with plants.This task can be carried out only when each takes it upon her-or himself and only when all work together.The
6、 lesson taught by plants is that human life can only exist with nature.We must come to view the air，the plants and ourselves as the contributors to the protection of life and growth，rather than productive objects we can use and throw away freely.Perhaps then we would finally begin to live，rather tha
7、n merely survive.语语篇篇解解读读本本文文主主要要讲讲了了为为了了保保护护地地球球，我我们们应应共共同同努努力力，和和谐谐地地与与植植物世界共享生活。物世界共享生活。1.What does the underlined part“being at odds”mean?A.Relaxing.B.Exercising.C.Hurrying.D.Conflicting.解解析析 词词义义猜猜测测题题。根根据据上上一一句句中中的的“.they are generally both peaceful and peaceable.”可可知知，他他们们是是和和平平的的，因因此此很很少少看看到
8、到有有人人争争吵吵或或打架等，因此猜测打架等，因此猜测“being at odds”的意思为的意思为“起冲突起冲突”，故选，故选D。答案解析231452.According to the first paragraph，what does the author suppose might be the primary reason that people would struggle with each other?A.To get their share of clean air.B.To pursue a comfortable life.C.To gain a higher social
9、 status.D.To seek economic benefits.解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第一一段段最最后后一一句句“It seems to be proved that if human beings can freely breathe and share air，there is no primary reason for them to struggle with one another.”可可知知，如如果果人人们们能能自自由由地地呼呼吸到新鲜空气，就没理由跟别人争斗，故选吸到新鲜空气，就没理由跟别人争斗，故选A。答案解析23145解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根
10、根据据第第三三段段第第四四句句“The interdependence to which we must pay the closest attention is what exists between ourselves and the plant world.”可可知知，作作者者最最想想让让我我们们关关注注的的是是我我们们和和植植物物世世界界的的关关系系，故选故选B。3.What does the author try to draw our closest attention to?A.The massive burning of fossil fuels.B.Our relations
11、hip to the plant world.C.The capacity of plants to renew polluted air.D.Large-scale deforestation across the world.答案解析231454.How can human beings achieve the goal of protecting the planet，according to the author?A.By showing respect for plants.B.By preserving all forms of life.C.By consuming all na
12、tural resources.D.By all making their efforts together.解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据最最后后一一段段第第二二句句“This task can be carried out only when each takes it upon her-or himself and only when all work together.”可可知知，人人类类想想实实现现保保护护星星球球这这个个目目标标就就要要团团结结一一致致共共同同努努力力，故选故选D。答案解析231455.What does the author suggest we do i
13、n order not to just survive，but live better?A.Expand the range of living.B.Develop natures potentials.C.Share life with nature.D.Explore new resources.解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据最最后后一一段段内内容容尤尤其其是是其其第第一一句句“Humans must learn to share life，both with each other and with plants.”可可知知，为为了了活活得得更好，我们应与自然分享生活。故选更好，我
14、们应与自然分享生活。故选C。答案解析23145B(2017南开区二模南开区二模)The temperature is sharply rising with each passing day.People，including many experts，find it difficult to slow down the process.However，leaving coal and major fossil fuels in the ground could help to limit climate change in the future，according to a new study
15、.That is to say，a third of oil reserves on the earth，half of gas reserves and over 80 percent of current coal reserves should not be used before the year 2050.If we are to prevent global temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius in the near future，we ought to carry outsome measures to severel
16、y control the emissions from factories，vehicles and even our daily-life cooking.However，it is a goal that seems to be impossible in our eyes.“Policy makers in different countries must realize that their attempt to completely use the fossil fuels within their countries is wholly incompatible(矛矛盾盾的的)w
17、ith their hope to reach the 2-degree goal，”Dr Christophe McGlade at University College Londons Energy Institute said in a statement.“If they go ahead with developing their own resources，”he added，“they must be asked which reserves elsewhere should remain unburned in order for the carbon budget not t
18、o go beyond the limit.”Its not surprising to see how tapping into these unused reserves would be attractive.Energy-related industry is a big business all over the world.There are many coal reserves in China，Russia and the United States，along with over 260 thousand million barrels of oil reserves in
19、the Middle East.Not to mention that oil is currently being developed in the Arctic.Companies spent over 670 billion last year in the expansion of fossil fuels，but according to the new model used in this latest study，developers may need to rethink their plans to develop these underground resources so
20、 as to make some contributions to control the world temperature from rising high in the future.“Weve now got practical figures of the quantities and locations of fossil fuels that should remain unused in trying to keep within the 2-degree temperature limit，”added McGlade.World leaders and policy mak
21、ers should take the advice to heart，because a recent IPCC report warned that if immediate and great actions are not taken soon，climate change will cause irreversible(不不可可逆逆转转的的)impacts on environments worldwide，leaving the world an unsafe place for us to live in.语篇解读语篇解读本文为议论文。论述了全球气候变化与化石燃料的关系。本文为议
22、论文。论述了全球气候变化与化石燃料的关系。解解 析析 细细 节节 理理 解解 题题。由由 首首 段段 中中 的的“If we are to prevent global temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius in the near future，we ought to.”及及“However，it is a goal that.”可知答案为可知答案为D。6.According to Paragraph 1，our goal is to .A.discover more fossil fuels for the future gener
23、ationB.slow down the climate changeC.refuse to use reserves on the earthD.keep the temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius答案解析7869107.The underlined word“emissions”in Paragraph 1 refers to“”.A.things that are sent out into the airB.products that are made from fossil fuelsC.factors that cause the cl
24、imate changeD.changes that happen after temperature rise解解析析词词义义猜猜测测题题。由由前前后后语语境境可可推推知知，画画线线词词指指的的是是“排排放放到到空空气气中中的的物质物质”，故选，故选A。答案解析786910解析解析推理判断题。通读第二段可推断出答案为推理判断题。通读第二段可推断出答案为B。8.According to what McGlade said in Paragraph 2，all countries should .A.make full use of their fossil fuelsB.work togeth
25、er towards the 2-degree goalC.find better ways to dig out the coalD.increase the global carbon budget答案解析7869109.We can infer from Paragraph 3 that great efforts have been made in .A.digging out the oil in the Middle EastB.getting people to rethink their fuel plansC.developing fossil fuels around th
26、e worldD.developing energy-related industry worldwide解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。由由第第三三段段中中的的“tapping into these unused reserves”，“in the expansion of fossil fuels”及及“developers may need to rethink their plans to develop these underground resources”可推断出答案为可推断出答案为C。答案解析78691010.What is the authors attitude toward
27、s the future of temperature control?A.Confident.B.Negative.C.Satisfied.D.Unclear.解解析析观观点点态态度度题题。由由第第一一段段首首句句和和尾尾句句及及最最后后一一段段尾尾句句可可推推测测出出作作者者对对未来大气温度的控制持消极的态度。未来大气温度的控制持消极的态度。答案解析786910C(2017天津一中天津一中3月考月考)Styrofoam，or polystyrene，is a light-weight material，about 95 percent air，with very good insulati
28、on(隔隔热热)properties，according to Earthsource org.It is used in products from cups that keep your drinks hot or cold to packaging material that protects items during shipping.With the above good features，Styrofoam still enjoys a bad reputation.It cannot be recycled without releasing dangerous pollutio
29、n into the air.The U.S.Environmental Protection Agency says it is the fifth-largest creator of harmful waste.But now the common worms which are usually disgusting can come to the rescue，specifically，mealworms.Scientists from the U.S.and China have discovered that mealworms can digest plastic.One mea
30、lworm can digest a pill-sized amount of plastic a day.Study co-author Wei-Min Wu says that in 24 hours，the plastic is turned into carbon dioxide.Since Styrofoam has no nutrition at all，are the worms hurt by eating plastic?Much to the scientists surprise，the study found that worms eating Styrofoam we
31、re as healthy as worms eating bran(谷糠谷糠).The researchers will study the worms eating habits and digesting system，looking to copy the plastic breakdown but on a larger scale.Once the way can be put into practice，it will make a revolutionary difference to the disposal of plastic.“Solving the issue of
32、plastic pollution is important，”says Wu，a Stanford University environmental engineering instructor.After all，our earth is small and landfill space is becoming limited with too much garbage waiting to be dealt with，he says.About 33 million tons of plastic are thrown away in the United States every ye
33、ar.Plastic plates，cups and containers take up 25 percent to 30 percent of space in Americas landfills.One Styrofoam cup takes more than 1 million years to recycle in a landfill，according to Cleveland State University.语语篇篇解解读读文文章章介介绍绍了了一一种种能能够够消消化化分分解解塑塑料料的的黄黄粉粉虫虫幼幼虫虫，研研究究者者期期待待着着模模仿仿它它们们的的分分解解和和消消化化
34、的的方方式式从从而而解解决决回回收收利利用用塑塑料料对对环环境境造造成成的的污染问题。污染问题。解解析析 细细节节理理解解题题。第第二二段段第第二二句句“It cannot be recycled without releasing dangerous pollution into the air.”为为双双重重否否定定，表表达达的的是是肯肯定定的的意思，即意思，即“它被回收时会向空气中释放危险的污染物它被回收时会向空气中释放危险的污染物”，故选，故选C。11.What do we know about Styrofoam?A.It can be used to cool drinks.B.I
35、t is a weightless material.C.It is harmful when recycled.D.It is usually used on ships.答案解析121311141512.What can we infer from the third paragraph?A.Mealworms have amazing digesting power.B.Mealworms are not bad in their nature.C.Mealworms can rescue peoples lives.D.People misunderstood mealworms in
36、 the past.解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据第第三三段段中中“Scientists from the U.S.and China have discovered that mealworms can digest plastic.One mealworm can digest a pill-sized amount of plastic a day.”可可知知，黄黄粉粉虫虫幼幼虫虫有有令令人人惊惊奇奇的消化能力，故选的消化能力，故选A。答案解析1213111415解解析析 推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据第第五五段段中中“looking to copy the plastic br
37、eakdown but on a larger scale(期期望望模模仿仿塑塑料料的的分分解解但但是是在在更更大大的的规规模模上上)”推断研究者是为了模仿这些虫子分解塑料的方式，故选推断研究者是为了模仿这些虫子分解塑料的方式，故选B。13.Why will researchers study the worms eating habits and digesting system?A.To find ways to help mealworms grow larger.B.To imitate their ways of breaking down plastic.C.To help dev
38、elop their digesting ability.D.To make sure of their safety after eating plastic.答案解析1213111415解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。文文章章介介绍绍了了一一种种能能够够消消化化分分解解塑塑料料的的黄黄粉粉虫虫幼幼虫虫，研研究究者者期期待待着着模模仿仿它它们们的的分分解解和和消消化化的的方方式式从从而而解解决决回回收收利利用用塑塑料料对对环环境境造造成成的的污污染染问问题题，故故推推断断一一旦旦模模仿仿成成功功，塑塑料料的的回回收收利利用用就就不不会会危危害害环境，故选环境，故选D。14.In the fut
39、ure，plastic may be recycled .A.by raising amounts of mealwormsB.by environmental engineering instructorsC.using a method inspired by eating mealwormsD.without sending out dangerous pollution答案解析121311141515.Whats the main idea of this passage?A.Styrofoam is widely used in daily life.B.Mealworms are
40、genius at eating plastic.C.Plastic recycling may be no more a problem.D.Plastic can be turned into carbon dioxide.解解析析主主旨旨大大意意题题。文文章章中中作作者者首首先先提提出出了了问问题题塑塑料料的的回回收收利利用用对对环环境境造造成成污污染染；其其次次介介绍绍了了一一种种能能消消化化分分解解塑塑料料的的虫虫子子，并并说说明明研研究究者者期期望望通通过过理理解解和和模模仿仿从从而而最最终终解解决决塑塑料料的的回回收收利利用用对对环环境境造造成成污污染染的的问问题；故说明也许塑料
41、的回收利用不再是问题，故选题；故说明也许塑料的回收利用不再是问题，故选C。答案解析1213111415D(2017河东区二模河东区二模)In the dry Namib Desert on the west coast of Africa，one type of beetle has found a special way of surviving.When the morning fog arrives，the Namib Beetle collects water drops on its bumpy(起起伏伏不不平平的的)back，then lets the water roll dow
42、n into its mouth，allowing it to drink in an area without flowing water.Shreerang Chhatre wants to use what nature has developed to help the worlds poor.Chhatre is an engineer at MIT who works on fog harvesting，the devices that，like the beetle，attract water drops.This way，poor villagers could collect
43、 clean water near their homes，instead of spending hours carrying water from distant wells of rivers.Access to water is a pressing global issue.According to the World Health Organization and UNICEF，nearly 900 million people worldwide live without safe drinking water.The burden of finding and transpor
44、ting water falls heavily on women and children.“As a middle-class person，I think its terrible that the poor have to spend hours a day walking just to obtain a basic necessity，”Chhatre says.A fog-harvesting device consists of a fence-like mesh panel(网网状状面面板板)，which attracts drops，connected to contain
45、ers into which water falls.Chhatre has improved the materials used in these devices.He is continuing his work at MIT Sloan and the Legatum Center in order to develop a workable business plan for applying fog-harvesting devices.Interest in fog harvesting dates back to the 1990s，and has increased sinc
46、e new research on the Namib Beetle became famous in 2001.A few technologists saw potential in the concept for people.One Canadian charitable organization，FogQuest，has tested projects in Chile and Guatemala.But fog harvesting remains in its infancy，technologically and commercially，as Chhatre readily
47、recognizes.“It still faces some open problems，”he says.“But its work in progress.”After all，the water that fills our rivers and lakes comes from air.语语篇篇解解读读文文章章介介绍绍了了科科学学家家新新研研究究出出来来的的雾雾收收集集装装置置，它它能能在在空空气气中中收集水，因此对一些缺水地区是很有用的。收集水，因此对一些缺水地区是很有用的。解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据第第四四段段中中的的“.in order to develop a w
48、orkable business plan for applying fog-harvesting devices.”及及最最后后一一段段中中的的“It still faces some open problems，he says.But its a work in progress.”可可知，知，Shreerang Chhatre正努力尝试让雾收集装置被使用，故选正努力尝试让雾收集装置被使用，故选D。16.Which of the following is TRUE of Shreerang Chhatre?A.He is an African engineer.B.He is resear
49、ching on the Namib Beetle.C.He has made the first fog-harvesting device.D.He is trying to put fog-harvesting devices to use.答案解析171816192017.How did fog harvesting attract more people?A.By being advertised by MIT.B.By getting the help of UNICEF.C.By researching on the Namib Beetle.D.By being inspire
50、d by the invention of a fence-like mesh panel.解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据倒倒数数第第二二段段第第一一句句“Interest in fog harvesting dates back to the 1990s，and has increased since new research on the Namib Beetle became famous in 2001.”可知选可知选C。答案解析171816192018.What do we know about fog harvesting?A.It became famous in 200