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1、题组10 说理议论+社会文化+应用广告+逸闻趣事专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练A(2017红桥区二模红桥区二模)In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition.Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity(繁繁荣荣)Others say that competition is bad，that it sets one person against another，and th
2、at it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills.For them，playing well and winning are often live-and-death affairs.In their single-minded pursuit of success，the de
3、velopment of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude.In a culture which only values the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players,they strongly criticize competition.Among the most vocal are
4、 youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society.Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail.They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success.By not trying，they always have an excuse：“I may have lost，but it doesnt matte
5、r because I really didnt try.”What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot.Such a loss would be a measure of their worth.Clearly，this belief is the same as that of true competitors who try to prove themselves.Both are based on
6、the mistaken belief that ones self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others.Both are afraid of not being valued.Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to disappear can we discover a new meaning in competition.语语篇篇解解读读本本文文为为议议论论文文，题题材材为为社社会会生生活活。文文章章讨讨论论的的是是人人们们
7、对对于于竞竞争争的的不不同同态态度度。有有的的人人非非常常重重视视竞竞争争，认认为为它它有有益益于于社社会会的的进进步步；有的人认为竞争对人的发展不利。有的人认为竞争对人的发展不利。1.What does this passage mainly talk about?A.Competition helps to set up self-respect.B.Opinions about competition are different among people.C.Competition is harmful to personal quality development.D.Failures
8、 are necessary experience in competition.解析解析主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了人们对于竞争所持的不同态度。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了人们对于竞争所持的不同态度。答案解析231452.Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?A.It pushes society forward.B.It builds up a sense of duty.C.It improves personal abilities.D.It encourages individual efforts.答
9、案解析解析解析细节理解题。由首段第二句可知答案。细节理解题。由首段第二句可知答案。231453.The underlined phrase“the most vocal”in Paragraph 3 means“”.A.those who try their best to winB.those who value competition most highlyC.those who are against competition most stronglyD.those who rely on others most for success答案解析解解析析词词义义猜猜测测题题。由由第第三三段
10、段中中“others take an opposite attitude”及及“they strongly criticize competition”可可知知，画画线线短短语语指指“强强烈烈反反对对竞竞争的人争的人”。231454.What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a“desire to fail”？A.Ones worth lies in his performance compared with others.B.Ones success in competition needs great
11、 efforts.C.Ones achievement is determined by his particular skills.D.Ones success is based on how hard he has tried.答案解析解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。由由文文章章尾尾段段倒倒数数第第三三句句“Both are based on the mistaken belief that ones self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others.”可知答案。可知答案。231455.Which p
12、oint of view may the author agree to?A.Every effort should be paid back.B.Competition should be encouraged.C.Winning should be a life-and-death matter.D.Fear of failure should be removed in competition.解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。尾尾段段最最后后一一句句表表明明了了作作者者的的观观点点：只只有有当当这这种种基基本本的的、害害怕怕失失败败的的态态度度消消失失时时，我我们们才才能能找找到到竞竞争争
13、的的真真正正含含义义。即即作作者者认认为为在在竞竞争中，不要总担心失败。争中，不要总担心失败。答案解析23145B(2017河北区一模河北区一模)Going shopping seems easy，but actually it takes a lot of learning，especially in America.In fact，many Americans who are not so well-off often shop at“sales”or at special stores that sell things at low prices，which you may find i
14、nteresting.In America,the important rule of dressing is that one should change his or her clothes every day.For example，in an American college，neither professors nor students are seen in the same clothes two days in a row.So you may find it necessary to buy more clothes than you have in China.While
15、you are shopping in the States，you will discover that prices range considerably from time to time.The purchase of used，second-hand clothing，furniture，or other household articles may be an excellent way of saving money.Most second-hand clothes are of pretty good quality.If you are going to settle dow
16、n in the States and want some furniture，you may go to a“loan closet”，where furniture rents at low cost，or you may also go to a“furniture exchange”place in the community.Sheets，blankets，and other bedclothes go on sale in most communities twice a year.Advertisements for“white sales”on bed linen，towels
17、，etc.often appear in January，as well as in May，June or July.Once or twice every season，there will be“garage sales”，where you can get almost anything，from a yacht to a pair of shoes，at low prices.Prices at“discount stores”and“thrift shops”are also as low as you can imagine.When shopping for food，you
18、should look for special prices for various items that are put on sale weekly.To economize，it would be a good idea for you to plan the weekly menu according to what is on sale,including in it the meats,vegetables,fruits,etc.that can be bought at special prices that week.Exchange and return policies v
19、ary from store to store.You should also keep in mind that exchange and return policies for sales items can be different from standard store policies，especially if the price of the items has been reduced.Ask the merchant about their exchange and return policies before making your purchase.Obtaining a
20、n exchange or a return without a store receipt is often difficult.So，to save yourself the headache，youd better hold on to any paper or other proof of purchase.语语篇篇解解读读本本文文主主要要讲讲述述在在美美国国购购物物时时，有有时时价价格格变变化化会会很很大大，作作者者对对此给出了一些建议。此给出了一些建议。解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第一一段段第第六六句句“While you are shopping in the Sta
21、tes，you will discover that prices range considerably from time to time.”可知，当人们在美国购物时，会发现价格有时会变化很大。故选可知，当人们在美国购物时，会发现价格有时会变化很大。故选C。6.People shopping in America will discover .A.American goods are excellentB.most clothes come from ChinaC.prices vary much sometimesD.used clothes are of poor quality答案解析
22、7869107.A person who needs furniture can .A.exchange their goods for furnitureB.settle in a place that has furnitureC.get some free of chargeD.rent some at low cost答案解析解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第一一段段最最后后一一句句中中的的“If you are going to settle down in the States and want some furniture，you may go to a loan clo
23、set，where furniture rents at low cost.”可可知知，如如果果你你需需要要家具，可以去家具，可以去“loan closet”，在那里你可以低价租到家具。故选，在那里你可以低价租到家具。故选D。786910解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第二二段段第第二二句句“Advertisements for white sales on bed linen，towels，etc.often appear in January，as well as in May，June or July.”可可知知，“white sales”(大大减减价价)常常常常出出现现在在一一
24、月月、五五月月、六月或七月，卖床单，毛巾等。故选六月或七月，卖床单，毛巾等。故选C。8.At a“white sales”，one can buy .A.almost anythingB.meats，vegetables，fruitsC.bed linen，towelsD.shoes at low prices答案解析7869109.Garage sales are held .A.once or twice every three monthsB.once or twice every yearC.from time to timeD.in January，May，June or July解
25、解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第二二段段第第三三句句中中的的“Once or twice every season，there will be garage sales”可可知知，“garage sales”每每个个季季度度(即即每每三三个个月月)一到两场。故选一到两场。故选A。答案解析78691010.What does the underlined part“any paper or other proof”in the last paragraph refer to?A.The exchange and return policy.B.A sales item.C.A store
26、 receipt.D.The standard store policy.解解析析词词义义猜猜测测题题。根根据据上上文文语语境境“Obtaining an exchange or a return without a store receipt is often difficult.”可可知知此此处处强强调调保保留留receipt(收收据据)的的重重要要性性，它它们们是是你你购购物物的的证证据据，故故“any paper or other proof”指指“receipt”(收据收据)。故选。故选C。答案解析786910C(2017天津十二区县二模天津十二区县二模)Hidden London：
27、the Citys Lesser Known Delights Dulwich Picture GalleryAs much an excuse to enjoy the village charms of Dulwich Village as to admire some delicate European masterworks，this gallery is a southeast London charmer，which was founded in 1811.Join a free guided tour to the permanent collection(3 pm Saturd
28、ay and Sunday)，catch the latest temporary exhibition and admire the lovely garden(open 1：30 pm to 3：30 pm Tuesdays).Where：Gallery RD SE21 7ADTrain：West Dulwich Temple ChurchFeaturing in the novel The Da Vinci Code and dating back to the late 12th century，this is one of Londons oldest and holiest med
29、ieval(中中世世纪纪的的)treasures.Built by the Knights Templar，the church is divided into the Roundwhich contains the statues of crusading knights，who tried to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims in the Middle Agesand the Chancel，where the priests(牧牧师师)and singers performing in church services sit.Where：T
30、emple EC4Y 7DEUnderground：Temple or Blackfriars Chelsea Physic GardenEndlessly satisfying the green-fingered，the plain curious or those eager to discover botanical interests in central London，this delightful walled garden was founded by the Apothecaries Society in the 17th century and is one of the
31、oldest botanical gardens in London.Where：66 Royal Hospital Rd SW3 4HSUnderground：Sloane Square Estorick Collection of Modern Italian ArtBuilt between 1953 and 1958，the Estorick is Britains only gallery devoted to Italian art.It draws together a fascinating collection of Futurist masterpieces from Um
32、berto Boccioni，Giacomo Balla，Carlo Carra and others，who emphasized the importance of modern things，especially technology and machines.Where：39a Canonbury Sq N1 2AN Underground：Highbury&Islington语篇解读语篇解读本文主要介绍了伦敦鲜为人知的几个景点。本文主要介绍了伦敦鲜为人知的几个景点。解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第一一段段中中的的“Join a free guided tour to the
33、 permanent collection(3 pm Saturday and Sunday).”可可知知，星星期期日日下下午午3点能跟随免费导游参观达利奇画廊，故选点能跟随免费导游参观达利奇画廊，故选A。11.When can you follow a free guide to visit Dulwich Picture Gallery?A.3 pm on Sunday.B.3：30 pm on Tuesday.C.1：30 pm on Tuesday.D.1：30 pm on Saturday.答案解析121311141512.Which of the following has the
34、 longest history?A.Dulwich Picture Gallery.B.Temple Church.C.Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art.D.Chelsea Physic Garden.解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据Temple Church中中的的“.dating back to the late 12th century，this is one of Londons oldest and holiest medieval(中中世纪的世纪的)treasures.”可知，圣殿教堂的历史最长，故选可知，圣殿教堂的历史最长
35、，故选B。答案解析1213111415解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据Chelsea Physic Garden中中的的“.is one of the oldest botanical gardens in London.Where：66 Royal Hospital Rd SW3 4HS”可可知知，如如果果你你对对植植物物感感兴兴趣趣，你你应应该该去去66 Royal Hospital Rd SW3 4HS，故选，故选C。13.Where should you go if you have an interest in plants?A.Gallery Rd SE21 7ADB.Tem
36、ple EC4Y 7DEC.66 Royal Hospital Rd SW3 4HSD.39a Canonbury Sq N1 2AN答案解析121311141514.If you want to enjoy Italian art，you may get off at .A.West Dulwich B.Temple or BlackfriarsC.Sloane Square D.Highbury&Islington答案解析解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art中中的的“.is Britains only ga
37、llery devoted to Italian art.”及及“Underground：Highbury&Islington”可知，选可知，选D。121311141515.In which part of a newspaper can you read this text?A.Travel.B.Society.C.Nature.D.Lifestyle.解解析析文文章章出出处处题题。作作者者通通过过这这篇篇文文章章主主要要向向我我们们描描述述了了四四个个隐隐藏藏在在伦伦敦的鲜为人知的景点，因此你最可能在报纸的旅游栏目里读到，故选敦的鲜为人知的景点，因此你最可能在报纸的旅游栏目里读到，故选A。
38、答案解析1213111415D(2017南开区三模南开区三模)My daughter Kelly is a cautious person.She needs to warm up to situations，and is hesitant to try new things.When with close friends，she becomes a leader who laughs loudly and chants，“Girls rule，boys drool.”But when that comfort zone is not around her，she is shy and ner
39、vous.This has been challenging for me at times.“Shy”is not a word that I think has ever been used to describe me.But this has been a year of firsts for my girl that has filled her with a new sense of confidence.This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team.This
40、year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels.And this year she completed her first kids triathlon(三项全能三项全能).On Saturday，with a thunderstorm coming soon and my sons birthday party later in the day，we all went out in the dark of the morning for Kelly to participate in her first triathlon.We
41、 practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her，we got all the equipment shed need，and we kept talking about the race.But as we waited the two hours for the older kids to finish before her turn，she held my leg a little harder and told me she loved me a few too many times.She was nervous but
42、 trying to keep it together.And then it was her turn.From the second she jumped into the water，my heart soared.My daughter transformed into the most confident human being I had ever seen.She dominated that swim，crushed that bike ride and ran to the finish with the biggest smile on her face.I can hon
43、estly say that I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life.It wasnt because she did a sport or anything like that.It was because she was afraid of something and conquered that fear with confidence and a fire I hadnt seen before.All day I would find myself just looking over at her and smiling.
44、She might be wearing the finalist medal but I felt like I won that day.I won the chance to see my girl shine.Shine on，sweet baby.语语篇篇解解读读本本文文主主要要讲讲述述作作者者的的女女儿儿Kelly是是个个慢慢热热型型的的人人，当当她她离离开开自自己己熟熟悉悉的的区区域域，进进入入新新环环境境时时会会紧紧张张害害羞羞。当当作作者者看看到到女女儿儿克克服服恐恐惧惧在在比赛中表现得非常自信时，她感到非常骄傲。比赛中表现得非常自信时，她感到非常骄傲。16.Kelly is
45、 nervous when .A.boys are around herB.she changes into a leaderC.she is away from her momD.situations are new to her答案解析解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第一一段段中中的的“But when that comfort zone is not around her，she is shy and nervous.”可可知知，Kelly是是一一个个慢慢热热型型的的人，如果进入新的环境，她会感到紧张。故选人，如果进入新的环境，她会感到紧张。故选D。171816192017.We
46、 can know from Paragraph 3 .A.the race began in the early morningB.the whole family gave Kelly supportC.Kelly was eager for her turn in the raceD.Kelly prepared for her brothers birthday party解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第三三段段中中的的“We practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her，we got all the equi
47、pment shed need，and we kept talking about the race.”可知，全家人都支持可知，全家人都支持Kelly。故选。故选B。答案解析171816192018.Seeing Kellys performance in the race，the author felt .A.excited and proud B.anxious and uneasyC.worried and hesitant D.curious and concerned答案解析解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据第第四四段段的的内内容容，尤尤其其是是“she jumped into
48、the water，my heart soared”，和和第第五五段段第第一一句句“.I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life.”可可推推断断作作者者当当时时的的心心情情是是又又激激动动又又自自豪豪的的。故故选选A。171816192019.In Paragraph 5，the underlined word“conquered”probably means“”.A.to defeat someone especially in a competitionB.to succeed in dealing with or control
49、somethingC.to become very popular or successful in a placeD.to take control of a country or a city and its people by force答案解析解解析析词词义义猜猜测测题题。根根据据上上文文Kelly在在游游泳泳时时自自信信的的表表现现可可知知，此此处处是是指指Kelly战胜了恐惧。故选战胜了恐惧。故选B。171816192020.In the last but one paragraph the author“felt like I won that day”because Kelly .A.overcame the fearB.expressed love to herC.won the gold medalD.took part in the sport答案解析解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据上上文文可可知知，作作者者之之所所以以“感感到到像像是是自自己己赢赢了了一一样样”是因为女儿已经克服了恐惧。故选是因为女儿已经克服了恐惧。故选A。1718161920本课结束