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1、专项五 中考题型 重难点41 短文填空之杂糅性填空杂糅型短文填空是指文章中有多种提示类型，如英语单词、汉语意思、音标或者不给提示词等。这种题型主要考查考生的整体阅读能力、语言知识的运用能力、逻辑思维能力和书面表达能力，特别是单词和短语的拼写能力。中考英语试卷中，短文题材非常广泛，可以是科普文、故事、体育甚至文化习俗等，不过，所选的文章，一般都是大家比较熟悉的材料。这是一种短文性很强且难度较大的题型。考查的是大家对短文上下文的理解能力、对单词词组句型的运用能力，以及对全文逻辑推理的能力。典例解析（2022宁夏统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的汉语提示或首字母已给出(每空一
2、词)。When I was a high school student, I wanted to go on a school trip. My parents said it was too expensive for them to pay for, so I decided to make money _1_ (我自己). I got a parttime job in a bookstore. There were many people buying books there. I was _2_ (忙碌的) all the time, and I got very tired, bu
3、t I didnt g_3_ up. I worked every F_4_ and Saturday night for a whole year. At the end of the year, I had enough money. I had a good t_5_ on the school trip, and my hard work at the bookstore made it possible. For me, it was a big achievement.【短文大意】本文主要讲述了作者通过自己兼职赚得学校旅行需要的费用的故事。【答案解析】1句意：我的父母说这对他们来说
4、太贵了，所以我决定自己赚钱。myself“我自己”，反身代词，故填myself。2句意：我一直很忙，我非常累，但我没有放弃。busy“忙碌的”，形容词作表语，故填busy。3句意：我一直很忙，我非常累，但我没有放弃。根据“but”及首字母可知，很忙但没有放弃，give up“放弃”，助动词didnt后接动词原形，故填(g)ive。4句意：我每周五和周六晚上都工作，整整一年。根据“Saturday night”及首字母可知，此处指每周五和周六晚上，Friday“星期五”，故填(F)riday。5句意：我在学校的旅行过得很愉快。have a good time“玩得开心”，固定搭配，故填(t)im
5、e。（2022河北统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词（有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式）。Mrs. Zhang is my neighbor. Her house is next to _1_（my）. She is a warm and _2_（friend）person. She is popular among us. She always _3_（like）to help others. And she often asks people _4_ she can do for them. She often says hello _5_ me from her f
6、ront garden when I come back home. She plants different _6_（kind）of beautiful flowers in her garden. It was Mrs. Zhangs birthday last Saturday. She held a party and _7_（invite）all the neighbors. She made _8_ very big cake with fresh flowers on it. It was my _9_（one）time to see such a cake. I thought
7、 it was the _10_（nice）cake I had ever eaten. We sang, danced and talked and it was really a great time.【短文大意】本文主要讲述了作者的邻居张太太，她是一个热情友好的人，并且总是喜欢帮助别人，很受欢迎。【答案解析】1句意：她的房子紧挨着我的。根据“Her house”可知，此处使用名词性物主代词mine指代“我的房子”，故填mine。2句意：她是一个热情友好的人。根据“person”可知，此处使用形容词作定语修饰名词person，friendly“友好的”。故填friendly。3句意：她总是
8、喜欢帮助别人。根据“She always”可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为单数形式，动词使用第三人称单数。故填likes。4句意：她经常问人们她能为他们做些什么。根据“And she often asks people she can do for them.”可知，此处由what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。故填what。5句意：我回到家时，她经常在她的前花园向我打招呼。根据“She often says hello”可知，say hello to sb.“和某人打招呼”，故填to。6句意：她在花园里种了各种美丽的花。根据“different（kind）of”可知，different kind
9、s of“各种各样”，故填kinds。7句意：她举行了一个聚会，邀请了所有的邻居。根据“She held a”可知，本句为一般过去时，使用动词过去式。故填invited。8句意：她做了一个很大的蛋糕，上面有鲜花。根据“very big cake with fresh flowers on it”可知，此处表泛指，指一个很大的蛋糕，very以辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词a。故填a。9句意：这是我第一次看到这样的蛋糕。根据“It was my（one）time to see”可知，It was ones+序数词+time to do sth.“这是某人第几次做某事”，one的序数词为first。故填
10、first。10句意：我觉得这是我吃过的最好的蛋糕。根据“I had ever eaten”可知，此处使用形容词最高级，形容词最高级前使用定冠词the。故填nicest。（2022福建统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。In the closing years of the Sui Dynasty, a terrible flood (洪水) happened on the Xiao River outside the city of Zhaozhou. _11_ flood bro
11、ught down a large stone bridge.People had rebuilt the bridge many _12_ (time). But it was still washed away over and over again. “Whats wrong _13_ it?” Li Chun, the most famous local engineer at that time, asked himself. He _14_ (work) day and night at the drawing of the bridge and found out that th
12、e stone supports (支柱) couldnt stand the force of the flood.One day, an idea came into his mind! He thought of _15_ (build) bow-shaped arches (拱) instead of stone supports. And there would be only one big arch, supported at each end by two small ones. When floods came, the waters would run through th
13、e _16_ /f: (r)/ small arches, bringing little influence on the bridge. He was _17_ (great) excited by the idea, and danced happily right at his desk.A new Zhaozhou Bridge was built. It was safe _18_ beautiful. The local people of Zhaozhou were very _19_ /gld/ that the problem of the stone bridge was
14、 finally worked out. Now, this great stone bridge with a history of over 1,300 years has _20_ /bkm/ a classical example of Chinas arched bridges. It shows the wisdom and creativity of the Chinese people.【短文大意】本文讲述李春想到用拱形的设计来抵挡洪水的冲击，设计建造了新的赵州桥。【答案解析】11句意：洪水摧毁了一座石桥。根据“a terrible flood”可知句子表达确指前文提到的洪水，
15、用定冠词“the”，句首首字母“t”大写。故填The。12句意：人们重新建造这座桥很多次。根据“many”可知用可数名词的复数形式，表达“次数”用名词“times”。故填times。13句意：它出了什么问题？这是特殊疑问句，表达“出了什么问题”，用“whats wrong with it”。故填with。14句意：他日夜工作绘制桥，发现石头的支柱不能容忍洪水的力量。根据“and found”可知用动词过去式形成并列结构，用动词过去式“worked”。故填worked。15句意：他想到建造拱形的支撑而不是石头的支撑。“of”后缺宾语，表达“建造”，用动名词形式“building”。故填build
16、ing。16句意：当洪水到的时候，水流会流淌过四座小的拱形，没给桥带来什么影响。根据“arches”可知表达数量，根据音标，可知用基数词“four”。故填four。17句意：他为这个想法感到兴奋，在桌旁，欢快地跳舞。形容词“excited”用副词修饰，表达“极大地”，用副词“greatly”。故填greatly。18句意：它很安全很漂亮。根据“safe”及“beautiful”，可知是形容词的并列，用连词“and”表达“和”。故填and。19句意：赵州的当地人非常开心，石桥的问题最终解决了。根据音标，可知用形容词“glad”作表语，表达“高兴的，开心的”。故填glad。20句意：现在，这座有1
17、300多年的历史的伟大的石桥成为中国拱桥的经典例子。句子是现在完成时，根据音标，可知表达“变成”，动词用“has become”。故填become。（2022江苏常州统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Museums play a big role in our society. They are also _21_ important classroom for primary and secondary school students. During holidays, groups of young museum guides _22_ (see
18、) everywhere in Changzhou Museum. Since 2011, Changzhou Museum _23_ (carry) out more than 100 public training activities for volunteer guides.In July, 2021, I was chosen _24_ (be) a volunteer guide in Changzhou Museum. _25_ it was my first time to serve there, I didnt know what to do. Luckily, the t
19、eachers there gave many interesting training classes, including “Public Places and Manners”, “Red History and Red Culture” and so on. I was deeply touched by the stories of _26_ (pioneer) like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei. I was impressed that they had risked _27_ (lose) their lives to create a new Ch
20、ina.In the following month,I guided hundreds of tourists and did my job _28_ (success). This experience had a great influence _29_ me. I know more about my hometown and the meaning of life. I feel _30_ (pride) of being a volunteer guide to help more people learn about Changzhou.【短文大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者作为
21、常州博物馆导游的经历。【答案解析】21句意：它们也是中小学生的重要教室。此处泛指一个教室，“important”首字母发元音音素，故填an。22句意：假日期间，常州博物馆里随处可见一群群年轻的导游。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，故填are seen。23句意：自2011年以来，常州博物馆开展了100余次志愿者导游公共培训活动。根据“Since 2011”可知，时态应使用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故填has carried。24句意：2021年7月，我被选为常州博物馆的志愿者导游。be chosen to be“被选为”，故填to be。25句意：因为这是我第一次在那里服务，我
22、不知道该怎么办。“it was my first time to serve there”是“I didnt know what to do”的原因，用because/as引导原因状语从句，句首需大写首字母，故填Because/As。26句意：我被瞿秋白、张太雷等先驱者的故事深深打动了。根据“like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei”可知，此处应使用名词复数形式，故填pioneers。27句意：我对他们冒着失去生命的危险创建新中国印象深刻。risk doing“冒险做某事”，故填losing。28句意：在接下来的一个月里，我带领了数百名游客，并顺利完成了我的工作。此处在句
23、中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填successfully。29句意：这段经历对我影响很大。have a/an+adj+influence on“对有的影响”，故填on。30句意：我很自豪能成为一名志愿者导游，帮助更多的人了解常州。feel proud of“感到骄傲”，故填proud。（2022湖南衡阳统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。A new report predicts that by 2050, half of the worlds population (around 4.8 billion people) will be shorts
24、ighted. The medical name for this is myopia (近视). It is also _31_ (call) nearsightedness._32_ we have myopia, we cant see the things far away from us. It is true that more and more people have myopia. Its a bad situation. According to the data released (发布) by the National Health Commission, China i
25、s a big country of myopia, and almost 90 percent _33_ young Chinese people are near-sighted. Children aged between six and ten _34_ have myopia are more likely to suffer from severe myopia in the future. Some experts make a prediction _35_ (recent). In the opinion, there will be seven times more peo
26、ple with myopia in 2050 than there were in the year 2000.The researchers say that the number of people with myopia will increase because of different reasons. Looking at computer screens and mobile phones may be the major reason. The increase may have something to do with lifestyle _36_ (change). No
27、w, people spend _37_ (little) time outdoors than before. A science journalist says that _38_ (spend) more time outdoors in early childhood can reduce the chances of getting myopia. A researcher once said. “You can spend time on computers and screens, _39_ remember to spend two hours outdoors every d
28、ay. That is _40_ for your eyesight.”【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍现今中国近视的情况，并给出相关建议。【答案解析】31句意：它也被称为近视。主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态表示，动词用过去分词形式，故填called。32句意：当我们近视时，我们看不见远处的东西。根据“.we have myopia, we cant see the things far away from us.”可知，当我们近视时，看不见远处的东西，用when引导时间状语从句，句首需大写首字母，故填When。33句意：根据国家卫生健康委员会发布的数据，中国是一个近视大国，近90%的中国年
29、轻人近视。根据“and almost 90 percent.young Chinese people are near-sighted”可知，此处指90%，90 percent of.“90%的”，故填of。34句意：6至10岁的近视儿童日后更有可能患上严重近视。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，用that/who连接，故填that/who。35句意：最近一些专家做了一个预测。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填recently。36句意：这种增长可能与生活方式的改变有关。生活方式的改变不止一个，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填changes。37句意：现在，人们在户外
30、的时间比以前少了。根据“than before”可知，此处应使用比较级，故填less。38句意：一位科学记者表示，儿童早期多在户外活动可以降低患近视的几率。此处在宾语从句中作主语，用动名词形式，故填spending。39句意：你可以花时间在电脑和屏幕上，但记住每天花两个小时在户外。前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接，故填but。40句意：这对你的视力有好处。根据“That is.for your eyesight.”和前文内容可知，每天花两个小时在户外对视力有好处，be good for“对有好处”，故填good。（2022湖北宜昌统考中考真题）Ive always run.When I wa
31、s a k_41_, my dad took me to the Olympics and we saw the 400m final. A runner named Arthur won it and that really shocked me. I remembered it so well. I even wrote _42_ article about it.I was never good enough for the Olympics _43_ (我自己), but I tried running. I want to keep fit and like the challeng
32、e. After 27, I began to play t_44_. At 65, I started hurdling (跨栏) again. When I was 71, I won the 200m hurdling as the oldest person. When I was 80, I b_45_ the world record. I would never _46_ (改变) my mind. Now Im 89, but I still do a couple of press-ups (俯卧撑) once _47_ twice a week.To my pleasure
33、, my family all exercise together in our nice _48_ (花园) every day. We own a better life because we have a _49_ (健康的) habit. My dream is to run the 100m at 100 only another e_50_ years to go and then to live to 120.No matter what comes my way, I will keep it.【短文大意】本文作者主要讲述了自己从青年到老年时期的运动经历，表达了他对运动的热爱。
34、【答案解析】41句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我爸爸带我去了奥运会，我们观看了400米决赛。根据“When I was a k., my dad took me.”可知，作者当时是个孩子，kid“孩子”符合语境，“a”修饰名词单数。故填(k)id。42句意：我甚至写了一篇关于它的文章。“article”是可数名词单数，以元音音素开头，泛指一篇文章，空处用不定冠词an。故填an。43句意：我自己从来都不够优秀去参加奥运会，但我试着跑步。myself表示“我自己”，反身代词，指代主语本身。故填myself。44句意：27岁以后，我开始打网球/乒乓球。空处指一种运动，结合首字母，play tennis
35、/table-tennis“打网球/乒乓球”符合语境。故填(t)ennis/(t)able-tennis。45句意：我80岁时打破了世界纪录。break the record“打破纪录”，根据“When I was 80”可知，用一般过去时，break的过去式是broke。故填(b)roke。46句意：我永远不会改变想法。change“改变”，change my mind“改变我的想法”，“would”后接动词原形。故填change。47句意：现在我89岁了，但我仍然每周做一两次俯卧撑。“once”和“twice”是并列成分，表示每周做俯卧撑一次或者两次，or“或者”符合语境。故选or。48句
36、意：令我高兴的是，我的家人每天都在我们美丽的花园里一起锻炼。garden“花园”，可数名词，此处用单数形式。故填garden。49句意：我们拥有更好的生活，因为我们有一个健康的习惯。healthy“健康的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词“habit”。故填healthy。50句意：我的梦想在100岁时跑100米只差11年了，然后活到120岁。根据前文“Now Im 89”可知，作者现在89岁，离100岁还差11年，eleven“十一”符合语境。故填(e)leven。（2022湖北荆州统考中考真题）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或根据括号内单词的正确形式填空（1-3个单词）或根据音
37、标填词。According to some old Chinese stories, there once was _51_ ancient emperor named Shennong. At that time, there was no medicine to treat illnesses. Many sick people could only wait for _52_ (die).To save his people, Shennong decided _53_ (find) and test out different plants. He and his men set ou
38、t on a journey in search of medicinal(药用的) plants.Each time the team found a new plant, Shennong would taste it _54_ (he). Some plants made him feel _55_ /sli: pi/, some caused him to have a stomachache, and some made him tremble(颤抖) all over. _56_ Shennong searched and tested over a long time, he a
39、nd his men discovered lots of medicinal plants.As they continued their search, the team found a plant _57_ small yellow flowers. Shennong picked off one piece from the plant in order to taste it. He said, “It looks like a medicinal plant. I have to test it, or some people may misuse it.”Suddenly, Sh
40、ennongs face turned pale and he fell on the ground _58_ (heavy). Even after he _59_ (give) the leaves from other medicinal plants, he still lost his life. People covered him with _60_ (thousand) of flowers. From then on, they called him “the Emperor of Medicine”.【短文大意】本文讲述了中国古代传说，即神农尝百草的故事。【答案解析】51句
41、意：根据一些中国古代传说，古时候有个皇帝，名字叫做神农。作为主语的名词emperor是可数名词单数形式，且被以元音音素开头的单词ancient所修饰，故用an来修饰，表示“一个（皇帝）”。故填an。52句意：很多生病的人只能等死。介词for后用名词作宾语，故填death。53句意：为了拯救自己的子民，神农决定寻找并检验不同的植物。本句是decide to do sth句型，意思是“决定做某事”，此处填find的不定式，故填to find。54句意：每次他的团队发现一种新的植物时，神农都会亲自品尝。应填he的反身代词，表示“他自己；亲自”，故填himself。55句意：有些植物使他感到犯困。根据
42、音标，应填形容词sleepy，作为表语，表示“昏睡的”。故填sleepy。56句意：神农在搜索和检测了很长时间后，他和自己的手下发现了很多药用植物。根据“Shennong searched and tested over a long time, he and his men discovered lots of medicinal plants.”可知，是搜索很久之后有所发现，应填连词after来引导时间状语从句，表示“在之后”，故填After。57句意：当这个团队进行搜寻时，他们发现了一种开小黄花的植物。结合“small yellow flowers”可知，此处应填介词with，和后面的名
43、词flower组成介宾结构，充当plant的后置定语, 表示“带有”。故填with。58句意：突然，神农脸色苍白，重重地跌倒地上。空处修饰动词，应填heavy的副词形式，故填heavily。59句意：即使他已经从别人那里得到了解药，但是他还是失去了生命。主语he与动词give是动宾关系，故用被动语态，即为“be+过去分词”结构。主句的动作发生在过去，因此从句也用一般过去时，主语是he，be动词用was。故填was given。60句意：人们用数以千计的鲜花覆盖在他身上。本句是“thousands of+可数名词复数”结构，意思是”数以千计的”，故填thousands。（2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔统
44、考中考真题）阅读短文，根据首字母或所给词的适当形式填空，使文章语义通顺。Have you ever seen pop-ups (弹出窗口) when you go online?These days its common for you to get a pop-up which lets you _61_ ( put ) the App in “teen mode (模式) ” every time you begin to use Apps like QQ or Tiktok. A lot of Apps, especially video Apps, have added this fe
45、ature (功能) to protect teenagers. Its said that it will bring teenagers _62_ ( good ) experiences than before and make sure theyre using the Apps in a healthier way. For example, Apps like Tiktok have the feature to prevent teenagers from watching videos for long and with the feature, they might only
46、 be allowed _63_ (watch) for 40 minutes. The videos that teenagers can watch are made sure to be safe and even educational. There are no advertisements and teenagers cannot pay any m_64_ for the videos. In QQs teen mode, teenagers can only talk to people on their contact lists. _65_ ( they ) chat re
47、cords show pinyin, which is useful for primary school students.However, the teen mode does not work for all Apps, a_66_ to a recent report by the National Consumer Council. There arent any _67_ ( different ) between the teen mode and the normal mode in some Apps. And in some video Apps, the teen mode wont start _68_ users watch videos for 40 minutes. But users can get past it b_69_ clicking (点击) “I kno