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1、专题01 完形填空之记叙文记叙文主要是记人、叙事写景、状物一类的文章，它是借助叙述、描写、抒情等手段记叙社会生活中的人、事、景、物的情态及其发展过程，用以表现作者的思想，抒发作者某种情感的文章形式。中考中常见的记叙类完形填空主要以叙事、记人为主，如幽默故事、童话故事、历史故事、人物传记、新闻报道等。Part 1考情分析根据近几年的中考试题可以看出，完形填空记叙文故事性强，有情节，而且内容多种多样，多侧重表达西方人的风俗习惯，描写人物内心活动等。有以下特点：1.首句完整，线索清晰一般来说，完形填空首句中会包含人物身份和事件发生的时间、地点等重要信息，并且不设空。2.叙述灵活，侧重语境文章以叙述为
2、主，人物间对话较少，绝大部分篇章都是作者在描述事件，较少加入自己的观点或评论。另外，记叙型完形填空中常会出现态度与观点的跳跃变换或语气上的差异，这就增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，从而突出了对语境的考查，实现了在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境来辨析词语并做出选择这一考查目的。3.考查以实词为主，虚词为辅记叙型完形填空篇幅不长，行文始终紧扣中心话题，形成一个主题连续体。考查重点集中在动词、名词、形容词和副词等实词上。 Part 2解题思路1.重视首句，开篇明义从历年的试题可以看出，完形填空首句一般不设题。这为我们理解文章的内在联系提供了一个“窗口”，它的句意往往为全文提供中心信息。所以应充分重视首句的
3、指示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，据此拓展思维，争取开局胜利。一般地说，记叙文类的文章的首句会交代4个W(when,where,who,what)，概括了整篇文章的中心和写作意图。【例1】Jack，the postman，pushed his bike towards MrsLis houseHis work for the day was （67）_finished，and now he had only one letter with him to deliver to MrsLiShe lived over a mile from the villageWhen Jack had a
4、 letter for her，he always finished his days work much laterHe didnt （68）_this，but she always asks him in for a cup of teaWhen Jack got into the gate of Mrs.Lis house，he was so （69）_because he didnt find Mrs.Li working in the gardenShe usually spent most（70）_there when the weather was fineHe knocked
5、hard at the door，but there was no answerJack felt it very（71）_because he knew MrsLi hardly left the houseJust then he found that her bottle of milk was（72）_in front of the doorHe thought perhaps MrsLi was illJack tried his best to push through an open windowHe went into the houseMrsLi was lying on t
6、he floorJack rushed out of the house，stopped a car and told the driver to telephone a doctor as soon as he got to the villageAt last the doctor came in time and MrsLi was saved67AhalfBalreadyCalmostDnever68AsayBunderstandCfindDmind69AangryBexcitedCworriedDpleased70AmorningsBafternoonsCeveningsDnight
7、s71AinterestingBimportantCstrangeDnecessary72AonceBstillCevenDalso【详解】67题答案：C 考查副词辨析A一半；B已经；C几乎；D从不；根据后面now he had only one letter with him to deliver to MrsLi现在他只有一封信要交给李太太，前面应该是几乎要完成了，故答案是C68题答案：D 考查动词辨析A说；B理解；C发现；D介意；根据前面She lived over a mile from the villageWhen Jack had a letter for her，he alwa
8、ys finished his days work much later她住在离村子一英里远的地方，杰克有她一封信，他总是很晚完成一天的工作后面不，应该是不介意这么晚下班，故答案是D69题答案：C 考查形容词辨析A生气；B兴奋的；C担心 的；D高兴的；根据后面because he didnt find MrsLi working in the garden因为他没有发现李太太在花园里工作，前面应该是担心，故答案是C70题答案：B 考查名词辨析A早上；B下午；C晚上；D夜里；根据后面 weather was fine天气好时，结合上文下班，可推出应该是下午，故答案是B71题答案：C 考查形容词辨
9、析A有趣的；B重要的；C奇怪的；D必要的；根据后面because he knew MrsLi hardly left the house因为他知道李太太几乎没有离开房子，前面应该是很奇怪，故答案是C72题答案：B 考查副词辨析A曾经；B仍然；C甚至；D也；根据Just then he found that her bottle of milk was （72）in front of the door就在这时，他发现，应该是牛奶仍然在门前，故答案是B2.利用语境，揣摩心态。中考完形填空题逐渐摒弃语法分析，朝着深层化和语境化的方面挖掘，因此考生只有借助上下文乃至全文语境启示或限定，揣摩作者的心情，
10、以及他对各个角色、各个事件的态度。在答题过程中，除了对关联用语的把握外，还要把握语气、动作等的描写。3.理清线索，把握方向。记叙文一般按事件发展顺序叙述，有时用倒叙。答题时，通过理清人物间的关系，把握人物各自所做的事情，从而把握细节，找准作者的记叙方向，正确理解文章。【例2】There was a girl called Anna，who was studying in Esmarth Vil，a primary school in the United StatesShe was the most（1） _girl at her schoolHer marks were higher tha
11、n the othersShe was the best，and almost everybody wanted to be her（2）_They wanted to play with herOne day，the teacher set an exam and a boy called Robert（3）_ his exam using Annas nameSo when the teacher（4）_all the exams，Anna found out she had failed the exam，and the other kids were（5）_Later on，Rober
12、t apologized to Anna，and finally they became good friends（1）AoutgoingBbeautifulCcarefulDhardworking（2）AneighborBfriendCclassmateDteacher（3）AsignedBsentCofferedDwrote（4）AmarkedBfinishedCreturnedDexchanged（5）ApleasedBmovedCshockedDscared【详解】1 D考查形容词辨析A外向的；B漂亮的；C小心的；D努力的；根据her marks were higher that th
13、e others 她的分数比别人高可知，Anna 是学校里最勤奋的学生故选择D2 A考查名词辨析A邻居；B朋友；C同学；D老师，根据后面They wanted to play with her想和她一起玩，及前面学习好，可知都想和她成为同桌；故选A3A考查动词辨析A签名；B发送；C提供；D写；根据the teacher set an exam and a boy called Robert （3）his exam using Annas name用安娜的名字签他的试卷，故选择A4C考查动词辨析A作记号；B完成；C返回；D交换；根据 So when the teacher（4）all the e
14、xams， Anna found out she had failed the exam安娜发现她考试不及格，应该是把所有卷返回来了，故选择C5C考查形容词辨析A高兴的；B感动的；C震惊的；D尖叫的；根据前面Anna found out she had failed the exam，and the other kids were安娜发现她考试不及格，结合前面是好学生，应该是都非常震惊故选择C Part 3解题技巧 1.首句概览法一般情况下，文章第一句会交待人物的姓名、身份、事件发生的时间、地点等。利用首句确定文章的体裁，并通过分析首句预测下文内容。2.语境推测法因为完形填空主要考查对语境的理
15、解，空格的前后多有暗示，所以考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出最符合语境的选项。3.上下呼应法在完形填空试题中，某词常常以原词、该词的同义词或近义词等形式重复出现在语篇中。词汇复现使得语篇中的句子相互衔接，从而构成一个完整的有机整体。因此，当有些空格根据所在句的上下文语境一时无法作出正确选择时，考生要特别注意上下文中的相关词语，尤其注意找出其中重复出现的暗示性词语。精讲精练【例题1】 Before graduating college，Jackie began to look for a jobShe aimed at
16、a famous company，but the（1）_for such jobs was very strong.The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person， but more than twenty people applied for the job. （2）_，Jackie was one of the three people invited for the final interviewThe interview was very （3）_The interviewer asked just a few qu
17、estions and it was all over in less than 10 minutesThen the interviewer said to them，All of you are very good Please go home and （4）_our responseThree days later， Jackie received a message saying she would not be （5）_the jobShe felt deeply disappointedThat evening，however，she received another（6）_Thi
18、s time it said that she got the jobJackie later found out that the first message sent to her phone was part of the interviewa（7）_to see if she was suitable for the jobAll the three people received the（8）_text，but only Jackies reply（9）_the companyOf the three，one did not replyThe other said goodbye a
19、nd Jackie said thank youThis reply showed that Jackie was a/an（10）_person，so the company offered her the job（1）A examB workC competitionD plan（2）A ThankfullyB UnluckilyC HopefullyD Immediately（3）A longB strictC interestingD simple（4）A pick upB wait forC deal withD think of（5）A offeredB returnedC ref
20、usedD shown（6）A letterB emailC callD message（7）A guideB conversationC testD lesson（8）A sameB otherC secondD whole（9）A reachedB satisfiedC helpedD surprised（10）A braveB cleverC politeD honest【答案】CADBA DCABC【解析】（1）C 考查名词，A exam考试 B work工作 C competition竞争 D plan计划，根据 was very strong，结合后文 The company Ja
21、ckie chose planned to employ only one person， but more than twenty people applied for the job，杰姬选择的公司只雇佣了一个人，但有20多人申请了这份工作推出是指参加应聘人员的竞争非常激烈，故选C（2）A 考查副词，A Thankfully感激地 B Unluckily不幸地 C Hopefully有希望地 D Immediately 立即，根据Jackie was one of the three people invited for the final interview杰基是被邀请参加最后面试的三个
22、人之一推出这让Jackie很感激，故选A（3）D 考查形容词，A long长的 B strict严格的 C interesting有趣的 D simple简单的，根据The interviewer asked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10minutes面试官问了几个问题，在不到10分钟的时间里就结束了，推出面试很简单，故选D（4）B 考查短语，A pick up捡起 B wait for等待 C deal with处理 D think of想起，根据 Please go home and our respons
23、e结合选项，推出句意：请回家等候回复，故选B（5）A 考查动词，A offered提供 B returned返回 C refused拒绝 D shown解释，根据Jackie received a message saying she would not be the job结合选项，推出句意：杰基收到一条消息说她不会被提供这份工作，故选A（6）D 考查名词，A letter信 B email电子邮件 C call电话 D message信息，根据前文 Jackie received a message杰基收到一条消息 ，结合another再一，推出是又收到一个信息，故选D（7）C 考查名词，
24、A guide 想到B conversation会谈 C test测试 D lesson功课，根据to see if she was suitable for the job看她是否适合这份工作，推出这是一种测试，故选C（8）A 考查形容词，A same相同的 B other其他的 C second第二 D whole整个的，根据后文but only Jackies reply（9）B the company Of the three，三个人中Jackie回答让公司满意，推出公司给了他们同样的信息，故选A（9）B 考查动词，A reached到达 B satisfied使满意 C helped
25、帮助 D surprised使惊讶，根据前文This time it said that she got the job这一次，她被告诉她得到了这份工作，推出她的回答让公司满意，故选B（10）C 考查形容词，A brave勇敢的 B clever聪明的 C polite礼貌的 D honest诚实的，根据Jackie said thank you谢谢你 可知Jackie的回答是礼貌的，故选C【练习1】 It was a cold morning，and Eduardo Ortega received a large envelopeIn it was his dreamBut he was t
26、oo nervous to（1）_itHe put the envelope into his （2）_and caught the school busEduardo arrived at （3）_，walked past his classmates and sat down in the school libraryHe took a deep breath，（4）_the envelope out of his pocket and carefully opened itAs he read the words，Congratulations（5）_have been accepted
27、，he was already in tearsHe remembered the long hours working in the fields，picking strawberries and beansDuring those years，Eduardo was much more than a child （6）_After work every day，his tired friends drank coffee or sleptEduardo went to the evening schoolHe studied，read，and wrote poems and short s
28、toriesAlthough he （7）_some classes，he became the best studentWhen he was thirteen，Eduardo （8）_one of his dreamsto fly on an airplane for the first timeHe wrote a poem that won a prizea trip to San Francisco（9）_he flew，he promised himself to become a pilotHe loved to（10）_Even though Eduardo worked to
29、 help his family，his father（11）_encouraged him to go to schoolSo，while he worked，he also studiedMany days，he thought it was（12）_，too tired to read his booksBut his father just smiled and told him he could（13）_itSo，now，Eduardo knew his dream of becoming a pilot was not （14）_He knew that it was his fa
30、thers （15）_，tooHe would soon become a pilot，flying every day to all the exciting areas in the world1AopenBknowCanswerDwrite2AcarBmailboxCdeskDpocket3AhomeBschoolCthe airportDthe post office4AdrewBplacedCreachedDmade5AIBweCyouDthey6AworkerBwriterCwaiterDpilot7AwatchedBmissedCtookDleft8AwantedBfoundCr
31、ealizedDthought9ABecauseBAsCAfterDBefore10AflyBdreamCstudyDwork11AalsoBstillCsometimesDalways12AcarelessBhopelessCuninterestingDunimportant13AtakeBstopCmakeDwork14AplannedBneededCdoneDlost15AjobBwayCdreamDadvice【答案】ADBAC DBCBA DBCDC【解析】1A 考查动词辨析A表示打开；B表示知道；C表示回答；D表示写由He put the envelope into hisand
32、caught the school bus可知此处表示他太紧张不敢打开它，选A2D 考查名词辨析A表示车；B表示邮箱；C表示课桌；D表示口袋由the envelope out of his pocket and carefully opened it可知此处表示他把信封放到了口袋里，选D3B 考查名词辨析A表示家；B表示学校；C表示机场；D表示办公室由walked past his classmates and sat down in the school library可知Eduardo是到了学校，选B4A 考查动词辨析A表示画，拉；B表示放置；C表示到达，够着；D表示使由carefully
33、 opened it可知此处表示他从口袋里将信封拉了出来，选A5C 考查代词辨析A表示我；B表示我们；C表示你；D表示他们由Eduardo Ortega received a large envelope可知这封信是写给Eduardo的，所以内容应该是你被录用了，选C6D 考查名词辨析A表示工人；B表示作家；C表示服务员；D表示飞行员由下文的he promised himself to become a pilot和He would soon become a pilot，flying every day to all the exciting areas in the world可知此处选D
34、指飞行员7B 考查动词辨析A表示看；B表示错过；C表示带走；D表示离开结合语境可知此处表示虽然他错过了一些课，但他成为了最好的学生，选B8C 考查动词辨析A表示想；B表示发现；C表示实现；D表示想由to fly on an airplane for the first time可知此处表示Eduardo实现了他的一个梦想，选C9B 考查连词辨析A表示因为；B表示当时；C表示在后；D表示在前结合语境可知此处表示当他飞行时，他向自己承诺要成为一名飞行员，选B10A 考查动词辨析A表示飞；B表示做梦；C表示学习；D表示工作由he promised himself to become a pilot可
35、知此处表示他喜爱飞行，选A11D 考查副词辨析A表示也；B表示仍然；C表示有时；D表示总是由So，while he worked，he also studied可知此处表示他的父亲总是鼓励他去上学，选D12B 考查形容词辨析A表示粗心的；B表示无望的；C表示无趣的；D表示不重要的由too tired to read his books可知此处表示他觉得那是没有希望的，选B13C 考查动词与固定搭配A表示带走；B表示停止；C表示使；D表示工作make it表示成功，由his father just smiled可知此处表示告诉他他可以成功的，选C14D 考查动词辨析A表示计划；B表示需要；C表示
36、做；D表示失去由But his father just smiled and told him he could make it可知此处表示所以，现在Eduardo知道他成为飞行员的梦想并没有丢失，选D15C 考查名词辨析A表示工作；B表示方法；C表示梦想；D表示建议由too可知此处表示他知道那也是他父亲的梦想，选C【例题2】 Tom worked hard in an officeBut it seemed that there was little change in his lifeHe was unhappy and didnt want to improve himself any
37、moreHis father，Joe，knew this and decided to have a talk with（1）_One day, Tom and his father went for a walk after dinner（2）_they were walking along a river. Tom said，Dad，you always tell me to learn something newTo be （3）_，I dont want to make any changeJoe looked in the river，saw a dead（4）_ and point
38、ed at itTom， what is that over there？Its a dead fishWhats the fish doing？Its moving down with the running waterBut the fish is dead（5）_ can it be moving？ asked JoeIts moving as the river is movingJoe turned to his son and saidLife is（6）_the riverIts always moving and always changingSome people dont
39、want to change，but their life is always changing whether they like it or notA dead fish only moves along the river，while a living fish can control its journeyWhats you choice if you want to live a（7）_ life？This made Tom（8）_ his aunt who had already stopped learning and developingAnd she just stayed
40、the way she used to be，living like a dead fishGuided by his（9）_ ，Tom understood what he saidHe didnt want to become a person like his auntSo he made up his mind to（10）_ learning and developing himself（1）AyouBmeCherDhim（2）AOnceBWhileCAfterDBefore（3）AhonestBhappyCquietDpatient（4）AbirdBdogCduckDfish（5）
41、AWhoBWhichCHowDWhen（6）AinBoverClikeDby（7）AworseBharderCgreenerDbetter（8）Agive upBthink ofCwait forDhear from（9）AauntBfatherCuncleDfriend（10）AcontinueBfinishCavoidDstop【答案】DBADC CDBBA【解析】（1）D 考查代词，Ayou你 Bme我 Cher她 D him他，根据His father， Joe， knew this and decided to have a talk with ，可知是他的父亲决定跟他谈一下，Tom
42、对应宾格动词him， 故选D（2）B 考查连词，A Once一次 B While当时 C After在之后 D Before在之前，根据 they were walking along a river 可知是过去进行时，常用while引导过去进行时， 故选B（3）A 考查形容词，Ahonest诚实的 Bhappy开心的 Cquiet安静的 Dpatient耐心的，根据 To be ，结合选项，推出是短语to be honest老实说， 故选A（4）D 考查名词，A bird鸟 Bdog狗 Cduck鸭子 Dfish鱼，根据后文Its a dead fish 推出他的父亲让他看河里的死鱼， 故选
43、D（5）C 考查副词，AWho谁 BWhich哪个 CHow如何 DWhen什么时候，根据 Its moving as the river is moving它随着河流在移动，推出问句是：它如何在移动， 故选C（6）C 考查介词，A in在里面 B over越过 Clike像 D by被，根据Life is the river，结合选项，推出句意：生活就像这河， 故选C（7）D 考查形容词，Aworse更差 Bharder更辛苦 Cgreener更绿 Dbetter更好，根据后文Guided by his （9）， Tom understood what he saidHe didnt wan
44、t to become a person like his aunt So he made up his mind to （10）learning and developing himself可知在他爸爸的引导下，他决定努力学习，提升自己，推出他爸爸的这句话的意思是：如果想要更好的生活，你该选择什么， 故选D（8）B 考查短语，A give up放弃 B think of想起 Cwait for等待 D hear from收到的来信，根据This made Tom his aunt ，结合选项，推出句意：这让他想起来他的阿姨， 故选B（9）B 考查名词，Aaunt阿姨 Bfather爸爸 Cu
45、ncle叔叔 D friend朋友，根据文章内容，Tom在和爸爸对话，所以是他的爸爸在引导他， 故选B（10）A 考查动词，Acontinue继续 B finish完成 Cavoid避免 Dstop停止，根据 He didnt want to become a person like his aunt他不想成为像他阿姨那样的人，推出他继续努力学习，提升自己， 故选A【练习2】 My friends and I joined a twoday survival（生存） training course in the mountainsThe first day was really（1）_there was so much to do! Arriving at the campsite， we w