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1、【考研英语】2021年2月陕西长安大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Many people act on without counting the cost.A、failB、impulseC、outlineD、rate【正确答案】B【答案解析】impulse冲动；电子脉冲；刺激；神经冲动;推动力。第2题【单选题】I agree with most of what you said,but I don/t agree wi t h.A、everythingB、anythingC、somethingD、nothing【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 此题容易误
2、选B,生搬硬套不定代词用法规则：something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句或疑问句。其实此题应选A,注意前文的I agree with most ofwhat you said（我同意你说的大部分内容），其 后 的 n o t与everything构成部分否定，意为 不是所有的都同意，前后两部分用转折连词but连接，语气通顺、连贯。第3题【单选题】They are all for your proposal that the s e mi n a r.回A、be put offB、was put off 0C、should put offD、is to put off【正确答案】
3、A【答案解析】虚拟式的被动结构。谓语动词用should+动词原形。注意这种句型中的虚拟语气形式不受主句动词时态的影响。0第4题【单选题】men have learned much from the behaviour of animals ishardly new.A、ThatB WhetherC、WhereD、When【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案为A,是由that引导的主语从句。第5题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB、restrictC、gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assembles集合，聚
4、集；装配;收集；gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第6题【单选题】S m o k i n g,i s a bad habit,is,however,popular.A、thatB、whichC、itD、though【正确答案】B【答案解析】which is a bad habit非限制性定语从句。第7题【单选题】The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a farcry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当
5、然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞gentleman”,译成汉语可放在句首。a farcry from sth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very differentexperience from sth/doing s
6、th与某事物 做某事物 大不相同。“wolf是狼的意思，sea wolf在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作“海怪 比较贴切。第8题【单选题】I hope the job she/s applied for.A、shes going to getB、shell getC、she is to getD、she decides to get【正确答案】B【答案解析】w ill或 shall用来表示希望或期望。因此在表示与希望有关的动词或动词短语的宾语从句中的将来时态时,要用will或shall。这些动词或短语是：hope,expect,be sure,believe,th
7、ink,suppose,doubt 和 be afraid 等。第9题【单选题】Drug use accounts for approximately three-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD、specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approximately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第10题【单选题】Though he is in his late sixties
8、,the well-known biologist begins each daya sense of adventure and a sense of curiosity.A、inB withC、ofD、at【正确答案】B【答案解析】考查介词用法。begin w ith从 开始。第11题【单选题】Frankfurt,Germany,is one of the most populated regions ofWest Europe.A、denselyB、vastlyC、enormouslyD、largely【正确答案】A【答案解析】densely稠密的。vastly广泛的。enormousl
9、y巨大的/庞大的。largely主要的/很大程度上。第12题【单选题】Mr.Zhang gave all the textbooks to all the pupils,except whohad already taken them.A、theseB、onesC、the onesD、the others【正确答案】C【答案解析】。加本来是数词，但也可用作不定代词，代替前面刚提到的一个东西或人，避免重复前面刚提到的名词，有 时one可以有自己的定语或冠词，甚至可以有复数形式。第13题【单选题】I recognized that the sites such as Associated Cont
10、ent can provide afertile ground for learning how to become a better writer.I could seethat this was an open door for systematically learning some basic writingskills without paying college tuition for classes and leaving the comfort ofmy own home.In the eyes of the author,the site Associated Content
11、A、offers you a lot of novels to readB、is good for your becoming a writerC、asks you to study writing regularlyD、is rather expensive but convenient【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 根据本段的 can provide a fertileground for learning how to become a better writer确定 B答案。其余选项与原文意思不符。A 与 D 选项所表达内容在文中并未提及，可以被排除。C 选项中regularl
12、y一词并未在文中得到体现。第14题【单选题】I am sure that you are asking.How does a rocket fly?lf you want toknow,get a balloon and then blow it up until it is quite big.Do not tie upthe neck of the balloon.Let go!The balloon will fly off through the airvery quickly.The air inside the balloon tries to get out.It rushes
13、outthrough neck of the ball and this pushes the balloon through the air.Itdoes not need wings like an air plane.A rocket can fly to the moonb e c a u s e.A、it looks like a balloonB、it is much lighter than an airplaneC、it doesnt have wingsD、it works like an untied balloon【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段都在讲述气球的飞行原理，来解
14、释火箭的工作原理，因此选D。第15题【单选题】Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn,the Irish milkmaidfought hard to hold back her laughter.A、checkB keepC、stopD、retain【正确答案】A【答案解析】holdback抑制,控制。check克 制,抑 制（做某事或表露感情）。参考译文：看见我笨手笨脚地把牛牵向牲口棚，那位爱尔兰挤奶女工竭尽全力克制自己不笑出声来。第16题解答题The Australian political scene is dominate
15、d by two major parties thathave quite different political agendas.However,the policies of theAustralian Labor Party and the Liberal Party have become much moredifficult to tell apart in recent years.In fact,it would be true to say thatboth parties consist of conservative,moderate and radical element
16、s,andtherefore the general public is often perplexed about which party to votefor.Nonetheless,it is usual to find that an Australian will lean towardssupporting one of these two parties and remain faithful to that party forlife.The Labor Party was formed early in the twentieth century tosafeguard th
17、e interests of the common working man and to give thetrade unions political representation in Parliament.The Party has alwayshad strong connections with the unions,and supports the concept of awelfare society in which people who are less fortunate than others arefinancially,and otherwise,assisted in
18、 their quest for a more equitableslice of the economic pie.The problem is that such socialist politicalagendas are extremely expensive to implement and maintain,especiallyin a country that,although comparatively wealthy,is vast and with asmall working and hence taxpaying population base.Welfare soci
19、etiestend towards bankruptcy unless government spending is kept in check.The Liberal Party,on the other hand,argues that the best way to ensurea fair division of wealth in the country is to allow more freedom to createit.This,in turn,means more opportunities,jobs created etc.,andtherefore more wealt
20、h available to all.Just how the poor are to share inthe distribution of this wealth(beyond being given,at least in theory,theopportunity to create it)is,however,less well understood.Practice,ofcourse,may make nonsense of even the best theoretical intentions,andoften the less politically powerful are
21、 badly catered for undergovernments implementing free-for-all policies.lt is no wonder thatgiven the two major choices offered them,Australian voters areincreasingly turning their attention to the smaller political parties,whichclaim to offer a more balanced swag of policies,often based around onema
22、jor current issue.Thus,for instance,at the last election there was theNo Aircraft Noise Parry,popular in city areas,and the Green Party,whichis almost solely concerned with environmental issues.TRUE/FALSEl.According to the author,theories do not always work inpractice.2.Radical groups are only found
23、 within the LaborParty.3.Welfare-based societies invariably become bankrupt.4.SomeAustralian voters are confused about who to vote for.5.The smallerparties are only concerned about the environment.【正确答案】1.T2,F3.F4.T5.F第17题【单选题】Water is absent in this area.A、ampleB、assiduousC、affluentD、deficient【正确答案
24、】D【答案解析】absent缺少的；deficient不足的；有缺陷的；不充分的。第18题【单选题】You can depend on whatever promise he makes.A、/B、whyC、whenD、whose【正确答案】A【答案解析】he m a k e s是定语从句，从句前省略了关系代词thato第19题【单选题】He was involved working out a plan.A withB inC aboutD、for【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：他专心致志地制订计划。be involved in：牵涉，涉及到，答案选B o第20题【单选题】Many spec
25、ies,for example,originate in small populations.A、轮廓;B、发源C、器官D、选择【正确答案】B【答案解析】originate v i.发源；发生；起航。第21题【单选题】This cloth wont shrink when its washed.A、benefitB、smallerC vagueD、convince【正确答案】B【答案解析】shrink收缩；畏缩；sm aller较小，更小的。第22题【单选题】Did you notice the on the doctors face when he heard thatKita had fo
26、und the pearl of the worldA、appearanceB expressionC、descriptionD、illusion【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：当博士听说基塔发现了世界上最大的珍珠时，你注意到他那时脸上的表情了吗？expression意为“表情，表现力”；appearance意为表卜观,外表;description意为“描写，描述；illusion意为“错觉,幻觉;假象。第23题【单选题】He is always telling lies,so most people his promised withcomplete disbelief.A、look out
27、B、look afterC look intoD、look on【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选Do本题考查词组。look on意为“看待,旁观。第24题【单选题】Cheese is really a good lure for mice.A、许可，准许B、诱惑C、要求，渴望D、焦点【正确答案】B【答案解析】lure n.诱惑；饵；诱惑物。第25题【单选题】Heavy metals are persistent;they do not break down to other chemicalsin the environment.Industrially polluted sites usua
28、lly undergo intensiveclean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concernonce they enter the food chain.Some trace metals are alleged to causecancer and are also known to cause poisoning.The main idea of thisparagraph is.A The Nature of Heavy MetalsB Potential Hazards of Human Conta
29、minated SoilsC、Heavy Metals and Food ChainD、Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human FoodChain【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容是：受污染土地的潜在危险，选 择B。第26题【单选题】Belts of parklands line three sides of the area and four large opensquares of lawns and
30、 trees break the regularity of the city buildings.A、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。B、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调气氛。C、带状的公园为这个区域画了一条三边的线，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。D、一条条的公园环绕着这个区域的三边，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调性。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。有时为了行文的需要，可以在译文里增加几个词，或减少几个词。这是因为有些词在一种语言里可能是必要的，而在另一
31、种语言里就会显得多余了。第27题【单选题】Many things make people think artists are weird.But the weirdest maybe this:artists-only job is to explore emotions,and yet they choose tofocus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn/t always so.The earliest formsof art,like painting and music,are those best suited for expressing j
32、oy.But somewhere from the 19th century onward,more artists beganseeing happiness as meaningless,phony or,worst of all,boring,as wewent from Wordsworth/s daffodils to Baudelaires flowers of evil.By citingthe examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire,the author intendsto show t hat.A、poetry is not a
33、s expressive of joy as painting or musicB、art grows out of both positive and negative feelingsC、poets today are less skeptical of happinessD、artists have changed their focus of interest【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o事实细节题。根据题干信息我们定位到第2段，该段可以分成两部分：第一部分是前两句，事实并非一直这样（艺术家将焦点投向消极的情感），最早的艺术形式是最适合表达快乐的；第二部分提到了华兹华斯的
34、水仙花和波德莱尔的 恶之花为例。按照议论文的论点论据的关系特点，首先提出论点然后以论据论证这个观点的正确性。本题举例部分为第2段 第3句 中as引导的时间状语从句，该句主句部分以及上文第2句就是论点所在。第3句句首but 一词暗示了“改变。D是论点的概括。第2 8题阅读理解Many things make people think artists are weird.But the weirdest maybe this:artists/only job is to explore emotions,and yet they choose tofocus on the ones that fe
35、el bad.This wasn/t always so.The earliest formsof art,like painting and music,are those best suited for expressing joy.But somewhere from the 19th century onward,more artists beganseeing happiness as meaningless,phony or,worst of all,boring,as wewent from Wordsworth/s daffodils to Baudelaire/s flowe
36、rs of evil.Youcould argue that art became more skeptical of happiness becausemodern times have seen so much misery.But its not as if earlier timesdidn/t know perpetual war,disaster and the massacre of innocents.Thereason,in fact,may be just the opposite:there is too much damnhappiness in the world t
37、oday.After all,what is the one modern form ofexpression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness?Advertising.The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks theemergence of mass media,and with it,a commercial culture in whichhappiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.People in earlier
38、 eras weresurrounded by reminders of misery.They worked until exhausted,livedwith few protections and died young.In the West,before masscommunication and literacy,the most powerful mass medium was thechurch,which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger andthat they would someday be meat
39、 for worms.Given all this,they did notexactly need their art to be a bummer too.Today the messages theaverage Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial,and forever happy.Fast-food eaters,news anchors,text messengers,allsmiling,smiling,smiling.Our magazines feature beaming celebri
40、ties andhappy families in perfect homes.And since these messages have anagendato lure us to open our walletsthey make the very idea ofhappiness seem unreliable.Celebrate!”commanded the ads for thearthritis drug Celebrex,before we found out it could increase the risk ofheart attacks.But what we forge
41、twhat our economy depends on usforgettingis that happiness is more than pleasure without pain.Thethings that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss anddisappointment.Today,surrounded by promises of easy happiness,weneed art to tell us,as religion once did,Memento mori:remember
42、thatyou will die,that everything ends,and that happiness comes not indenying this but in living with it.It/s a message even more bitter than aclove cigarette,yet,somehow,a breath of fresh air.A、poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or musicB、art grows out of both positive and negative feeli
43、ngsC、poets today are less skeptical of happinessD、artists have changed their focus of interest【正确答案】D【答案解析】该问提到两位诗人的目的何在。原文举这两位诗人是为了说明艺术家的转变：过去描述幸福，后来描述不幸。因此D 为正确答案。A、religiousB、unpleasantC、entertainingD、commercial【正确答案】B【答案解析】从上下段可以看出过去人不好过日子，所以选词义表示“负面的、不好的选项。四个选项中，只有B“令人不快的”符合题意。A、emerges in the
44、wake of the anti-happy artB、is a cause of disappointment for the general publicC、replaces the church as a major source of informationD、creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself【正确答案】D【答案解析】由原文可知，如今的广告给人造成幸福的幻觉,而非真的幸福，那么D 为正确答案。A、happiness more often than not ends in sadnessB、the
45、anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshingC、misery should be enjoyed rather than deniedD、the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms【正确答案】B【答案解析】注意原文we need someone to tell us yet,somehow,a breath of fresh air.（忧愁的艺术告诉我们的尽管苦涩，却带来一股令我们清醒的清新气息。本句中someone就是指本篇讨论的现代艺术，而现代艺术的本质是anti-happy 的。看看 B 中
46、 more bitter“对应distasteful；a breathof fresh air”对应refreshing。而 that happiness comes not indenying this but in living with it 中的代词 this/it 都是指人生的unhappiness,意思也就是m isery,这句话的意思是幸福不在于否认生活中有m isery,而是应该去接受或容忍它。命题者将这句话前错后对地改写了，Misery should be enjoyedrather than denied.这里enjoy作者用了个非常具有干扰性的I司。A、Religion
47、once functioned as a reminder of misery.B、Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.C、People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society.D、Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.【正确答案】A【答案解析】由文中可知，宗教在过去提醒人们苦难的存在,如今宣传不幸的艺术起着同样的作用。A 说到了宗教的这一作用，为正确答案。第29题【单选题】They w
48、ill get the preparation done early in May.A、他们五月初就能让别人准备完工作。B、他们五月初就能准备好工作。C、他们早在五月份就能把准备工作做完。D、他们五月初就能把准备工作做完。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o首先需要注意early in May表示“五月初”的意思，选 项A“让别人准备完这种表达是不准确的；此外get the preparation done表示的是“把准备工作做完”，选 项B的表达不是很准确。第30题【单选题】He is not such a man would leave his work half done.A that
49、B whichC whoD、as【正确答案】D【答案解析】a s引导定语从句时通常构成such.as或thesame.as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语.第31题【单选题】leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A、AnyoneB、The personC、WhoeverD、Who【正确答案】C【答案解析】whoever的意思为“任何人，无论谁，相当于the person who 或 anyone who。第32题【单选题】Spiders a
50、re not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫；此外nor在此处表示的是否定,即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有”。第33题【单选题】Drug use accou