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1、【考研英语】2021年10月天津城市建设学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】You will be liable for any damage caused.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be liable f o r 有 责任；有 义务；responsible负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第2题【单选题】We have to modify our plan a little bit.A、reduceB、sufferC、adjustD、utilize【正确答案】C【答案解析】modify 修
2、改，修饰;更改；adjust调整,使适合。第3题【单选题】They are b r i g h t,able and confident.A、latentB、revolutionC、subsequentD、intelligent【正确答案】D【答案解析】intelligent智能的；聪明的;理解力强的。第4题【单选题】1 1 1 come to see you if.A、you/re convenientB、it is convenient for youC、you feel convenientD、it is convenient with you【正确答案】B【答案解析】英语中conven
3、ient的意思不是“感到方便的，而是“使人感到方便的，所 以 be convenient的主语不能是 人。要表示“如果你方便的话，英语通常说if it is convenientfor(to)y o u,其中的介词可用for或t o,但一般不用with。第5题【单选题】Water is absent in this area.A ampleB assiduousC、affluentD、deficient【正确答案】D【答案解析】absent缺 少 的;deficient不足的；有缺陷的；不充分的。第6题【单选题】The audience waited in silence while thei
4、r aged speakersearched among his notes for the figures he could not remember.A、respectiveB、respectC、respectfulD、respectable【正确答案】C【答案解析】respective各自的。respect尊敬/方面。respectful殷勤的/有礼的。respectable高尚的/令人尊敬的。第7题【单选题】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed
5、away in the little wooden frame housewhere she had lived and worked most of her life.It may seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was something quite exceptionalabout this woman.In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to the Univer
6、sityof Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The money was to help otherAfrican Americans through university.She had started her savings habitas a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron formoney which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired theworld b e c a u s e.
7、A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】0nly是绝对词，在选项D中出现，根据经验排除D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自
8、然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是Co第8题【单选题】Decibels（分贝）measured in water are different from those measuredon land.A noise of one hundred-twen
9、ty decibels on land causes pain tohuman ears.In water,a decibel level of one-hundred ninety-five wouldhave the same effect.Which of the following is discussed in theparagraph?A、The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in theocean.B Different places may have different types of noi
10、ses.C、The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noise.D、Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段第一句话就直接给出了答案。第9题【单选题】Readers are required to comply with the rules of the library and mindtheir manners.A、evaluateB、memorizeC、protectD、observe【正确答案】
11、D【答案解析】comply with服从，遵从。observe遵守，奉行。参考译文：读者被要求遵守图书馆规章并注意各自的行为规范。第10题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB restrictC gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assembles 集合,聚集;装配;收集；gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第11题【单选题】Physiologically,we are rhythmical.We must eat,sleep,breathe,and playregularly to mainta
12、in good health.Emotionally we are rhythmical,too,for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relativedepression and exhilaration.Intellectually we are also rhythmical,for wemust have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration.Itnaturally follows then that rhythm,a fu
13、ndamental aspect of our lives,must be a part of any good literary work whether poetry orprose.According to the passage,which of the following pairs of activitiesbest illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、
14、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must haveperiods of relaxation following periods of concentration7)。根据这个信息，A、D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是
15、学习诗歌与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也不符合原文。第12题【单选题】Cohen doesnt worry much about students using their courses for evilA、thinksB、advicesC、suggestionsD、purposes【正确答案】D【答案解析】Cohen并没有对学生利用该课程实施恶意行为有太多担心。Think：想,认为；advice：建议；suggestion：建议；purpose：目的，意图。第13题【单选题】Drug use accounts for approximately thre
16、e-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD、specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approximately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第 14题【单选题】The benefit of it would compensate danger.A、补偿B、支持C、惊奇D、允许【正确答案】A【答案解析】compensate v t.补偿，赔偿；付报酬。第 15题【单选题】Watch
17、ing me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn,the Irish milkmaidfought hard to hold back her laughter.A、checkB keepC、stopD、retain【正确答案】A【答案解析】holdback抑制，控制。check克制，抑 制（做某事或表露感情）。参考译文：看见我笨手笨脚地把牛牵向牲口棚，那位爱尔兰挤奶女工竭尽全力克制自己不笑出声来。第16题【单选题】Spiders are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related
18、tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫；此外nor在此处表示的是否定，即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有。第17题【单选题】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certainelement
19、s of writing：a word,a phrase,an idea,a sound,or a grammaticalconstruction.We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternateheavy and light beats in music.Our love for rhythm seems to be innate：witness the responses of a small child to lively music.Children love tobeat on toy drums or empty
20、boxes.They stamp their feet and chantnursery rhymes or nonsense syllables,not unlike primitive dancers.Aschildren grow older,they are taught to restrain their responses torhythm,but our love of rhythm remains.We live in rhythms；in fact weare governed by rhythms.According to the passage,an adult/s re
21、action torhythm in music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正确答案】C【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾部分As childrengrow older;they are taught to restrain their responses torhythm./o作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大，大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反应，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反应，更可能受到抑制。第18题【单选题】Father made a promise I passed the
22、 examination he would buyme a computer.A thatB that ifC、ifD、whether【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题答案为Bo that引导同位语从句作promise的同位语，if在同位语从句之中引导条件状语从句。第19题【单选题】The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a farcry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了
23、。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞gentleman”,译成汉语可放在句首。a far cry fromsth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very different experience fromsth/doing sth与某事物 做某事物 大不相同。wolf”是狼的意思
24、，“sea wolf在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作“海怪比较贴切。第20题【单选题】“If a n y b o d y,please put down name,said theteacher to the monitor.A、wants to buy the bookhisB、want to buy the booktheirC、will buy the bookonesD、wants to have the book boughther【正确答案】A【答案解析】代 词 each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语，谓语需用单数。所以要
25、用wants。his与anybody搭配。第21题【单选题】The flood went down,leaving the village destroyed.A、mainlyB、completelyC、exactlyD、thoroughly【正确答案】B【答案解析】mainly主要的。completely完 全 的（强调整体性）。thoroughly彻 底 的（强调无疏漏）。第22题【单选题】Drug use accounts for approximately three-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A、possi
26、blyB、roughlyC、generallyD、specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approximately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第23题【单选题】When will you be through with your work,Jones?My bossusually finds something for me to do at the last minute.A、Who knowsB、Would you help meC、I beg your pardonD、Anything the
27、matter【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查交际用语。Who knows?表示“谁知道（无法确定），与后句的含义相吻合。第24题【单选题】Take a t a x i,y o u ll miss your train.A、andB、ifC、otherwiseD、or【正确答案】C【答案解析】祈使句可用来取代if从句来表示评论、提出要求、发出忠告或威胁等。用祈使句比用if从句表达更强的紧迫性。在表示评论和要求时，其连词用a n d,表示忠告时用连词otherwise,表示威胁时，用连词or。第25题【单选题】Many people,when ill,see their doctors and as
28、k them tosomething that will make them feel better.A、describeB、prescribeC reviseD、devise【正确答案】B【答案解析】prescribe 开处方，开（药）。根据题意，正确答案应为B。第26题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第27题【单选题】But what we forgetwhat our
29、economy depends on us forgetting isthat happiness is more than pleasure without pain.The things that bringthe greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment.Today,surrounded by promises of easy happiness,we need art to tell us,as religion once did,Memento mori:remember that yo
30、u will die,thateverything ends,and that happiness comes not in denying this but inliving with it.It/s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette,yet,somehow,a breath of fresh air.We can learn from the last paragraph thatthe author b e l i e v e s.A、happiness more often than not ends in sadnes
31、sB、the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshingC、misery should be enjoyed rather than deniedD、the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o 观点态度题。本段阐述了作者对反快乐艺术形式的理解，即到处都充斥着唾手可得的幸福的承诺，我们需要艺术来告诉我们：记得你终将死亡，一切都将结束，o由此可知，艺术的提醒是令人不悦的但却使人耳目一新。因 此 B 正确。B 选项正是对段末句的同义替换，distastefu
32、l,refreshing 分别对应句中的 bitter,a breath of freshairo A 属于无中生有，末段没有提到幸福以痛苦结束。C 偷梁换柱，将段中“幸福的到来不是因为否认这一点（痛苦的存在）而是对其加以忍受 偷换成 痛苦应该被享受而不是被否定 。D 中的经济繁荣的信息属于过度推理，文章没有原句提到此点。第28题【单选题】Drug use accounts for approximately three-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD、spe
33、cificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approximately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第29题【单选题】This thesis led to a radical change of labor policies.A temporaryB terminateC essentialD、reserve【正确答案】C【答案解析】radical根本的;essential基本的;本质的。第30题【单选题】Is that how you me for my help?A dismissB permitC、resto
34、reD、reward【正确答案】D【答案解析】re w a rd奖励；奖赏。第31题【单选题】People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery.Theyworked until exhausted,lived with few protections and died young.Inthe West,before mass communication and literacy,the most powerfulmass medium was the church,which reminded worshippers t
35、hat theirsouls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms.Given all this,they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Theword“bummer”(Line 5,paragraph 5)most probably meanss o m e t h in g.A、religiousB、unpleasantC、entertainingD、commercial【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o词义理解题。本段第1句指出，生
36、活在古代的人们被痛苦提示包围着，接着具体论证无论在现实生活中还是在教堂中，早期的生活时刻都在提醒着人们痛苦的存在(suirounded by reminders of misery)o 段落最后一句话：given all this,they did not need their art to be a bummertoo.此题的解题关键在于是否能理解该段属于总分总结构，除第1 句和最后一句外，其他内容属于论据内容，因此this指的是段首句内容，在这种情况下，人们不需要艺术也成为一个bummer”,由此可知，bummer也可作为痛苦的提示，只有B 符合要求。第32题【单选题】When shall
37、 we meet again?Make it day you like;its all thesame to me.A、oneB anyC anotherD、some【正确答案】B【答案解析】any day指 任意选择的一天,故正确答案为B。第33题【单选题】It is so difficult a problem that student in this class workit out.A、any,cantB、no,canC、every,canD、no,cant【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题很容易误选A,因为从句意上看，选 A 可将此句理解为“这个问题是如此之难，这个班上任何一个学生都不可
38、能做出来。但按英语习惯，any（任何一个）作为非肯定词，它只能出现在否定词not之后，而不能在其前，即可说 not a n y,但不说any not。所以正确答案应选B。第34题【单选题】I found in my babys behaviour a metaphor for the new generation.Mywife and I had given him some books to examine,but he merely spitupon them.When we read to him,he did not feel comfortable.And so itis in th
39、e schools.We find that our students dont read,that they lookdown upon reading and scold those of us who teach it.All they want todo is watch TV.After this experience with the baby,however,I havereached a conclusion:let them watch it.If television is that much moreattractive to children than books,wh
40、y should we fight it?Let them watchit all they want!From the passage we know that the author is.A a doctorB an editorC、a writerD、a teacher【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 根据本段第五句话的信息，我们会很容易地推断出作者是一位教师。这句话的原文是：We findthat our students dont read,that they look down upon readingand scold those of us who teach it.它的
41、意思是：我们发现我们的学生不读书，瞧不起读书，而且还骂我们这些教他们读书的人。由此来看，这里的 我们 指的就是当老师的这些人。第35题【单选题】Liu Xiangs running career began to after he won the gold medal inOlympic Games.A、speed upB fly awayC、give awayD、take off【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 此题考查了动词短语。在此句中的take o ff的意思为 出名。而 speed up的意思为 加速；flyaway的意思为 飞走;give away的意思为“送掉、分发。均与句
42、子的意思不符。第36题【单选题】Many things make people think artists are weird.But the weirdest maybe this:artists-only job is to explore emotions,and yet they choose tofocus on the ones that feel bad.This wasnt always so.The earliest formsof art,like painting and music,are those best suited for expressing joy.But
43、 somewhere from the 19th century onward,more artists beganseeing happiness as meaningless,phony or,worst of all,boring,as wewent from Wordsworths daffodils to Baudelaire/s flowers of evil.By citingthe examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire,the author intendsto show t hat.A、poetry is not as expr
44、essive of joy as painting or musicB art grows out of both positive and negative feelingsC poets today are less skeptical of happinessD、artists have changed their focus of interest【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o事实细节题。根据题干信息我们定位到第2段，该段可以分成两部分：第一部分是前两句，事实并非一直这样（艺术家将焦点投向消极的情感），最早的艺术形式是最适合表达快乐的；第二部分提到了华兹华斯的 水仙花和波德
45、莱尔的 恶之花为例。按照议论文的论点论据的关系特点，首先提出论点然后以论据论证这个观点的正确性。本题举例部分为第2段 第3句中as引导的时间状语从句，该句主句部分以及上文第2句就是论点所在。第3句句首but 一词暗示了“改变。D是论点的概括。第37题【单选题】I wish that I with you last night.A、wentB、could goC、have goneD、could have gone【正确答案】D【答案解析】could have done表示 本来可以。第38题【单选题】The audience waited in silence while their aged
46、 speakersearched among his notes for the figures he could not remember.A、respectiveB、respectC、respectfulD、respectable【正确答案】C【答案解析】respective各自的。respect尊敬/方面。respectful殷勤的/有礼的。respectable高尚的/令人尊敬的。第39题【单选题】As part of their study,the researchers used a special machine to takeaction photos of the stude
47、nts br a i ns.This is the same part ofthe brain that becomes active when good readers read.This activatedbrain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognizefamiliar written words quickly.A、Do you have difficulty reading in class?B、The pictures showed an increase in activity in the
48、back of the brainon the Ie代 side.C、As part of the study,37 struggling readers received specialtutoring.D、By the end of the school year,these children could read fasterthan before.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo这一段说的是：作为研究的一部分，研究人员用一个特殊的机器拍摄学生大脑的动作照片。B说的是：照片显示左大脑后部的活动增加了。第40题【单选题】The hurricane was incredibly deva
49、stating and left thousands homeless.A、forcefulB、mightyC、destructiveD、dangerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】devastating毁灭性的。destructive破 坏（或毁灭）性的。参考译文：飓风以其难以令人置信的破坏力使得成千上万的人无家可归。第 41题【单选题】The group does not advocate the use of violence.A supportB matterC suitD、reach【正确答案】A【答案解析】advocate提倡，主张，拥护；su p p o rt支持，支撑，支援。第
50、 42题【单选题】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel,they never used it.Neither did they use metals other than copper.What is ever moresurprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities andbuilt new ones in the jungle.Some time around AD900,Mayancivilization collapsed.By the year 1