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1、湖南省邵东市第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题学校:姓名:班级:考号：一、阅读理解Travelers are always looking for inspiration to guide their trips. Coming up with a list of places to visit can be challenging when youre staring at a globe. What are the top tourist attractions in the world? Here comes our list.The Acropolis, Athe
2、nsFollow in the footsteps of ancients as you walk up the same steps that have been walked on since 438 BC. Views out over the city are incredible as you walk between the well-restored old buildings. Near the end of the day, youll want to stay and watch the sunset from the stairs near the entrance. T
3、his is a ritual （仪式）in Athens. The Taj Mahal, IndiaIndia is-filled with incredible cities and fabulous places to visit, but the 17th-centuryTaj Mahal is the one place that says youve been to India. This mausoleum （陵墓）， commissioned by the Shah Jahan for his wife, is known internationally as a symbol
4、 of love. This fantastic structure, made with precious stones, has to be visited to be fully appreciated. Petra, JordanYou may have an Indiana Jones feeling as you walk through a 1.2-kilometer-long narrow crack in the sandstone hills and emerge, into a hidden city. First built over 2,000 years ago a
5、nd lost to the outside world for 600 years, the city was only discovered in 1812. Impressive buildings are carved directly into the red rock walls and are wonderfully preserved, just begging to be explored and photographed.Grand Canyon, USAThe greatest natural attraction in the United States, the Gr
6、and Canyon is a key sight for all travelers planning their lifetime of adventures. Standing on the edge of the Grand Canyon, looking out over the carved landscape, will awaken your senses. Several hikes in the canyon and along the edge offer unique perspectives. For even more adventure plan a raftin
7、g trip down the Colorado River through the canyon.1. What do the Acropolis and Petra have in common?be picked! Then he could choose the pink pig as his sisters birthday present, just like what he had been hoping for.He smiled and reached for the pencil in his pocket. Suddenly his fingers stopped. Th
8、ere was a strange feeling in his chest, and it wasnt his heartbeat.He looked out of the window and tried to figure it out. He did find the ticket, but he hadnt earned it. Maybe whoever lost it was looking fbr it. But he needed this extra ticket for his great plan!He remembered what Dad had told him
9、and his sister. When you make a right choice, you can feel peaceful inside. You never have to feel bad about your choice later.” Paragraph 1:He put the pencil back in his pocket.Paragraph 2:“Karl, rd like you to have another ticket J Miss Evans said.A. Fantastic sunset.B. Red rock walls.C. Exciting
10、rafting trip.D. Ancient buildings.2. Which place best suits people who want an adventurous trip?A. Petra, Jordan.B. Grand Canyon, USA.C. The Taj Mahal, India.D. The Acropolis, Athens.3. Where is the text probably taken from?A. A research paper.B. A science fiction.C , A travel brochure.D. A geograph
11、y textbook.A small accident led to profound changes in the life of Yang Li, an artisan （手艺人），who is from the Miao ethnic group. In 2011, Yang, from Tongren city in Guizhou province, created leaf vein （脉络）embroidery （刺 绣）three months after a leaf cut her hand.The work is a perfect combination of trad
12、itional embroidery patterns and the natural textures （纹理）of the leaves. It has a unique aesthetic appeal of traditional embroidery matched with the characteristics of contemporary craftsmanship.As a native Miao woman with an inborn love of embroidery, Yang opened a folk culture products shop with he
13、r sister in 2011. “People are becoming less familiar with traditional handicrafts, and I want to contribute all I can to change this situation J Yang says. At first, the small shop did not earn a significant income as there were many similar products on the market. She gradually realized that it was
14、 important to establish her own brand and launch products with distinct features.Thafs when she was inspired by the cut. In July 2011, Yang accidentally cut her hand on a thorny leaf when she was hiking in Fanjing Mountain. A bold idea came into her head: There are leafvein bookmarks and leaf-vein p
15、aintings. Why has nobody created leaf-vein embroider yet?”Obviously, the reason behind this is that embroidering on leaves requires delicate skillsthat few possess. The biggest technical challenge Yang faced was improving the flexibility ofthe leaves and making them as soft as cloth. On Oct 16, a da
16、y she will never forget, Yangfinally created a shiny, thin and unbreakable piece of leaf vein. Her idea of leaf-veinembroidery came to completion after hundreds of experiments.Two years later, Yang opened an embroidery processing factory and offered jobs to morethan 500 laid-off female workers, rura
17、l women and people with disabilities. I will keepdoing the leaf vein embroidery fbr the rest of my life because it is meaningful J she says.4.What do we know about Yang Lis folk culture products shop?A.It was inspired by a cut by a leaf in her hand.B.It was a failure before she began to sell similar
18、 products.C.It was intended to preserve traditional Chinese handicrafts.D.It perfectly combined traditional Chinese books and drawings.5.What is Yang Lis difficulty in making her leaf1 vein embroidery?A.Finding cloth with vein-like texture.B.Creating a new embroidery pattern.C.Changing leaves into u
19、nbreakable cloth.D.Softening up leaves for better flexibility.6.Which of the following best describes Yang Li?A.Ambitious and innovative.B.Caring and patient.C.Persistent and demanding.D.Humorous and optimistic.7.What is the text mainly about?A.An embroidery skill.B.A promising career.C.A cultural s
20、hop.D.An admirable artisan.Willpower might be key to getting off the couch to exercise , but bacteria may lend a helping hand. Studies in mice reported today in Nature suggest bacteria in the gut （肠道）may be behind differences in the desire to work out. A research team has aimed at specific bacterial
21、 molecules that stimulate a mouses desire to run - and keep running. By revealing exactly how these molecules talk to the brain, this group has set the stage for finding out whether similar signals help keep humans active.To explore why some people like to exercise and others dont, University ofPenn
22、sylvania microbiologist Christoph Thaiss carried out a research on mice bred to have a lot of genetic and behavioral variation. His team found a marked difference in how far the mice ran on wheels in their cages - some covered more than 30 kilometers in 48 hours, whereas others rarely moved in their
23、 wheels.The active and lazy mice didnt show any significant differences in their genetics or biochemistry. But the researchers did notice one clue: When treated with antibiotics （抗生素）, which can destroy the growth of bacteria, mice that were normally highly energetic tended to exercise less. Follow-
24、up studies showed the antibiotic treatment affected the brains of the formerly active mice. The activity of certain brain genes declined, along with levels of dopamine （多巴胺），a chemical that has been linked to“runners high-that sense of wellbeing that comes with prolonged exercise.The team also found
25、 that “germ-firee mice, which lack gut bacteria, become more active when given some of the gut bacteria from active mice. It appears those bacteria send a signal that interferes with an enzyme （酶）responsible for breaking down dopamine in the brain, causing the chemical to build up in the brains rewa
26、rd center.Studies have found that marathoners have high levels of a particular gut bacterium, suggesting an exercise connection in people. And much work has demonstrated the key role dopamine plays in motivating overall behavior. As Kostic puts itJThis reward system is such a central part of physiol
27、ogy that its something thafs almost certainly true in other mammals”-including humans.8. Why did Christoph Thaiss and his team conduct the research in Paragraph 2?A. To find out the different behaviors among mice.B. To examine mice of different genes and behaviors.C. To figure out how far the mice c
28、ould run on wheels.D. To know the reason for peoples different preferences fbr workout.9. What is the result of antibiotic treatment?A. Mice felt happier and more energetic.B. There was less dopamine in mices brain.C. Certain brain genes became more active.D. Mice tended to exercise more than before
29、.10. What do the underlined words the chemical“ in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Antibiotics.B. Dopamine.C. Enzyme.D. Bacteria.11. What is the main idea of the text?A. Willpower helps humans to work out.B. Mice lacking bacteria run less than others.C. Gut bacteria matter in keeping humans active.D. Dopami
30、ne plays a key role in mices wellbeing.The demanding 2025 federal Corporate Average Fuel Economy （CAFE） goal of 54.5 miles per gallon across an automakers fleet （车队）is one of the driving factors behind a series of advancements in more efficient engine technologies. To meet the increasing fuel standa
31、rds, automakers have relied on a range of vehicle types.Most people tend to think of hybrids （混合的）and electric vehicles when talk turns to energy efficient cars. A hybrid vehicle uses both electric drive and an internal engine to push the vehicle. When the driver slows, the battery partially recharg
32、es through regenerative braking. Today, there are hybrid versions of many modern mid-size cars. The most recent advancement comes in the form of plug-in hybrids with larger （and more expensive） battery packs that can be charged at home or the office, allowing you to drive greater distances on electr
33、ic power, which significantly improves overall average fuel economy on most trips.Electric cars are also evolving, but still confront hurdles when it comes to battery cost and a somewhat limited range in certain models. Promising electrics are on the horizon, but its best to reserve judgment until w
34、e see whether they deliver at a price point more consumers can afford.Hydrogen （氢）fuel cell vehicles are also advancing. Essentially, these are electric cars with the electricity supplied by hydrogen and oxygen passing through a fuel cell stack （电磁 堆）.Theyre super clean, producing only water vapor a
35、nd a little heat at the tailpipe. Until we have a much larger hydrogen-fuel basic facilities, these types of vehicles will be limited to regional use in major metro areas.As you can tell, along with engine technology, advancements have been made in many other areas. With the technological competitio
36、n among automakers, energy efficient cars are evolving at an impressive pace, and thafs a good thing for the planet.12. Why do automakers develop various types of vehicles?A. To promote the car production.B. To boost the automobile industry.C. To satisfy the customers9 demand.D. To meet the federal
37、CAFEs standards.13. What is the latest improvement of the hybrid car?A. It can be applied to cars in various sizes.B. It is equipped with plug-in battery packs.C. It uses an internal engine and electric drive. D. It can be partially charged via speeding drive.14. What prevents the hydrogen-fuel cell
38、 vehicles being widely used?A. The high cost of production.B. Its demand of super clean fuel.C. The lack of supporting facilities.D. Its need of water vapor and heat.15. . Whafs the authors attitude to the future of energy efficient cars?A. Supportive. B. Tolerant.C. Critical.D. Doubtful.二、七选五Since
39、2011, people around the world have been celebrating World Introvert Day on January 2. The word introverted“ describes a personality type. 16 They are likely to feel exhausted by environments that are highly simulating and may often need to go to a quiet place to recharge.World Introvert Day began wi
40、th a blog post from German psychologist Felicitas Heyne. She suggested that introverts are often misunderstood and their mental health suffers because popular culture is dominated by extroverts. Her idea was to celebrate World Introvert Day to raise awareness of the social challenges that introverts
41、 face. 17There are many famous introverts in art and science, such as Albert Einstein, Charles Darwin, and J. K. Rowling. It is believed that many introverts have a great ability to focus and strong power of imagination.18 Extroverts love connecting with other people, work well in groups, and are us
42、ually very confident. When introverts dont fit into groups of extroverts, they may be seen as cold, uninterested, or shy. Popular culture tells us that it is important to network, socialize, and communicate, but all of this can make introverts feel uncomfortable.Scientists are studying what causes s
43、omeone to be an introvert or an extrovert. Recent studies show that genes are a factor, and most people seem to be bom with one personality or the other. 19 The brain of an introvert can respond dramatically to a very mild stimulus, but the brain of an extrovert tends to need a stronger stimulus to
44、have the same reaction. Our environment and experiences also influence whether we are introverted or extroverted.The term ambivert describes someone who is right in the middle. 20 .A. The opposite of an introvert is called an extrovert.B. Extroverts are easily accessible and understandable.C. Introv
45、erted people are known to live with unique challenges and gift.D. It would also celebrate the contributions of introverts throughout history.E. Introverted people dont require a lot of social contact, and they enjoy spending time alone.F. Whatever personality type we have, we can celebrate our diffe
46、rences and learn from each other.G. Part of what makes us introverted or extroverted is how our brains respond to the world around us.三、完形填空For me, two of the loveliest words in English are Life persists”.I 21 them years ago as a college student, sitting in the library, 22,working on a paper. Out of
47、 nowhere, those words came 23 off the page in a quote: “In the midst of death life persists; in the midst of 24 truth persists; in the midst of darkness light persists.”Suddenly I wasnt unhappy and impatient any more. Then I called my granddad. I loved to talk with him. And I was 25 to hear what hed
48、 think of it. He had poor hearing, so I had to repeat it a few times, but once he 26 it, he laughed. “All I can say to that is totally 27 J he said on the phone. I told him how glad I was, after a long winter, to finally see spring and 28 to find that quote. Why is that?” he asked. Well, spring is a sure 29 that life persists. And it just makes me 30He laughed again, and then in his lovely voice, he recited to me his 31 “spring time words: “The desert shall rejoice （欣喜）,and 32as the rose.”Many years later, 33 my husband and I drove across