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1、陕西省渭南市大荔县2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWho says you have to stay indoors when the temperatures drop? Here are favorite places to explore this winter.Athens, GreeceIn Athens, every November temperature stay around the mid-20s, so h
2、ave a trip to the Parthenon and Acropolis. A full afternoon is also necessary for exploring the Museum of Cycladic Art and its exhibitions recently it has hosted Picassos.In the streets of the Pysrri district is a hidden hole in the wall, from which one can go down to the basement restaurant, Diport
3、o.Huaraz, PeruTo some, Peru gives people images of students in printed shorts on a tour of Machu Picchu. Theres obviously so much more to do in the UNESCO World Heritage （遗产）site. Any hike through the surrounding Huascaran National Park will make you feel like youve stepped into The Lord of the Ring
4、s.April and November are considered “shoulder season”, which means fewer clear days but you can enjoy the trails （路线）with fewer people.Edinburgh, UKYes, its probably going to be freezing cold. Hot coffee steam up in a pleasing, romantic fashion in cafes. People can take a few minutes walk from the S
5、cottish National Portrait Gallery.For simple Scottish dishes theres neighborhood inn, the Little Chartroom. And the Sheep Heid Inn has been long enough to have served Mary, Queen of Scots. In the eight bedrooms at the 18th century Rock House, each is a mixture of ancient details and current fashion.
6、Valletta, MaltaFlights from the UK to Maltas capital arc only around 30, making it one of the bestC. Chinas ranking rose seven places to 40th among 100 countries.D. Chinese peoples strong desire to understand the world counted.E. The report was widely accepted by the people around the world.F. The n
7、umber of participants worldwide increased by 27% this year.G. They should memorize vocabulary and begin using it immediately.R答案】16. E 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. GK祥解R这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了与其他非英语国家相比，中国人的英语水平有 所提高。 6题详析根据上文“Chinese peoples English proficiency （熟练）has improved in the past years compared to other n
8、on-English speaking countries, a report released on Tuesday said.”（本周二发 布的一份报告称，在过去几年里，与其他非英语国家相比，中国人的英语水平有所提高。） 可知，这里说了一份报告的内容。E. The report was widely accepted by the people around the world.这份报告被世界各地的人们广泛接受。E选项中也提到报告，呼应前文，故选E。 7题详析上文“This years report was based on the EF Standard English Test res
9、ults of more than 2.3 million adults who were tested on their ability to understand written and spoken English.”（今年的 报告是根据英孚标准英语测试的结果得出的，测试对象是230多万成年人的英语听说读写 能力。）F. The number of participants worldwide increased by 27% this year.（今年，全球参与人 数增加了 27%。“participants”指上文出现的more than2.3 million adults”,承接上
10、文，故 选F。 8题详析根据下文“Their long-term cormnitment to English education and increased investment in the language also made a great difference.”（他们对英语教育的长期投入和对语言的投资也起到了 很大的作用。）得知，本段提到了“long-term commitment，对应D选项中的“Chinese peoples strong desire 符合语境，D选项“中国人了解世界的强烈愿望很重要。”切题，故选D。 9题详析根据下文“Because I learned En
11、glish, I had the opportunity to study at Harvard University, where I received a PhD” （因为我学了英语，我有机会在哈佛大学学习，并在那里获得了博士 学位。）可知，我因为学习英语改变了命运，A. English has changed my li他.（英语改变了我的生活。），引起下文，故选A。K20题详析根据上文“To improve English proficiency, people should study English every day in sessions of 20 to 40 minutes
12、 rather than fbr hours at a time, Knutell said”（努特尔说，为了提高英语水平， 人们应该每天学习20到40分钟，而不是一次学几个小时）可知，此处讲的是学习英语的方 法，G. They should memorize vocabulary and begin using it immediately.（他们应该记住词汇并 立即开始使用。）承接上文，故选G。第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。On July
13、20, Yu Yifei, a 26-year-old medical intem（实习生）at Peoples Hospital of Zhengzhou, made his way home in a subway train on Line 5 after his first days training. When downpours struck the city, he 21 about a dozen people trapped in a Hooded subway train as the rainfall in Zhengzhou reached 201.9 millimet
14、ers between 4 pm and 5 pm, a totally new 22 in the history of Zhengzhou.Flood waters 23 a barrier and entered the underground area. The train came to a sudden stop before the water began 24 in the carriages, trapping passengers inside. Thus Yu, 25 to leave and fearing fbr his life, made a 26 call to
15、 his father.As water continued to flow into the carriages, passengers527 rose. When subway workers arrived to withdraw them, Yu 28 to get out. As he made his way to safety, he heard a cry fbr help from someone needing a doctor. He quickly 29 the white medical coat given to him at the hospital 30 and
16、 returned to the platfbnn to save him. On seeing him,a number of frightened people were greatly encouraged and their spirits 3. Some evenapplauded him.As more passengers were pulled from the 32, Yu instructed others in the key stepsto save a victim from drowning. He 33 CPR, or first aid, to those in
17、 low-temperatureshock from the cold water and near death from drowning. One of the passengers, a female doctor, nearly died. After 34 consciousness and strength, she joined Yu in treating others. Yuwas 35 and needed all his concentration to perform another CPR procedure.That night on a subway statio
18、n platform, he 36 an exhausting six hours givingCPR to passengers who 37 survived drowning. He also treated the injured. He38 the subway station at about midnight, with the white coat spotted with blood and39 . Three hours later, he met his father. With tears in eyes, his father and people40 smiled
19、and gave him the thumbs-up.21. A. sawB. preventedC. keptD.saved22. A. recordB. heightC. pointD. depth23. A. pushedB. madeC. burstD. pulled24. A. risingB. fallingC. reachingD. disappearing25. A. uncertainB. unfortunateC. unusualD. unable26. A. foolishB. uniqueC. considerateD. desperate27. A. exciteme
20、ntB. fearsC. adaptationD. deaths28. A. managedB. failedC. intendedD. hesitated29. A. tried onB. got onC. put onD. looked on30. A. laterB. furtherC. earlierD. former31. A. gainedB. liftedC.sankD. ran32. A. platfbnnB. airC. boatD. water33. A. stoppedB. continuedC. explainedD. refused34. A. regainingB.
21、 refreshingC. remindingD. replacing35. A. boredB. heartbrokenC. energeticD. exhausted36. A. wastedB. neededC. obtainedD.spent37. A. onlyB. obviouslyC. narrowlyD. never38. A. leftB. approachedC. crossedD. rescued39. A. sweatB. medicineC. mudD. tears40. A. on the airB. on the spotC. on holidayD. on bo
22、ardK答案21. D22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. C27. B28. A29. C 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B1 洋解这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述于逸飞，一名郑州人民医院的实习医生,在郑州7 月20号特大暴雨中拯救被大雨围困在地铁上的人的故事。K21题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：当倾盆大雨袭击这个城市的时候，他拯救了大约十几个被困 在洪水淹没的地铁列车中的人，因为郑州的降雨量在下午4点到5点之间达到了 201.9亳 米，这在郑州历史上是一个全新的记录。A. saw看见
23、：B. prevented预防：C.kcpt保持；D. saved 拯救。根据最后段“That night on a subway station platfbrm, he an exhaustingsix hours giving CPR to passengers who sun-ived drowning.（那天晚上，在地铁的站台上，他花了六个小时给那些差一点被淹死的乘客做心肺复苏）”可知，他拯救了十几个人的生 命。故选D。R22题详析考查名词词义辨析。句意：当倾盆大雨袭击这个城市的时候，他拯救了大约十几个被困 在洪水淹没的地铁列车中的人，因为郑州的降雨量在下午4点到5点之间达到了 20
24、1.9亳 米，这在郑州历史上是一个全新的记录。A. record记录；B. height高度；C. point点；D. depth深度。根据空格前后可知，这是郑州历史上的最新记录。故选A。K23题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：洪水冲破了护栏进入了地铁。A. pushed推；B. made制造， 做；C. burst使炸开，使破裂;D. pulled拉。根据空格前后可知,此处指洪水冲破了护栏。 故选C。K24题详析考杳动词词义辨析。句意：在水进入车厢之前，地铁突然停3把乘客困在了车厢里。 A. rising上升;B. falling跌落；C. reaching到达；D. disappearing消
25、失。根据空格前后可 知，在水进入车厢之前地铁停了。故选C。K25题详析考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不确定能不能离开，担心自己的生命安全，因此，于逸飞 很贴心的给自己的父亲打了一个电话。A. uncertain不确定；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. unusual 不同寻常的：O. unable不能。根据上文“trapping passengers inside”可知，于不确定自己能不 能活着离开。故选A。K26题详析考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不确定能不能离开，担心自己的生命安全，因此，于逸飞 很贴心的给自己的父亲打了一个电话。A. foolish愚蠢的；B. unique独特的：C.
26、considerate 体贴的，考虑周全的；D. desperate拼命的，绝望的。根据上文可知，害怕自己不能活着走 出去，所以跟贴心的给父亲打了电话让父母保重身体。故选C。R27题详析考查名词义辨析。句意：随着水继续流进车厢，乘客的恐惧不断增加。A. excitement兴 奋；B. fears恐惧； C. adaptation适应，改变；D. deaths死亡。根据上下文可知，水不 断流入车厢，人们的恐惧增加。故选B。K28题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地铁工作人员来让他们撤离时，于逸飞设法出去了。A. managed 设法；B. failed 失败;C. intended 打算；D.
27、hesitated 犹豫。根据下文“He quickly the white medical coat given to him at the hospital and returned to the platformtosavchim.（他很快穿上医院之前给他的白大褂并返回站台去救人）”可知，他设法出来了。故 选AoK29题详析考杳动词短语辨析。句意:他很快穿上医院之前给他的白大褂并返回站台去救人。A. tried on试穿；B. got on上车；C. put on穿上；D. looked on旁观。根据上下文可知，此处指他 穿上白大褂。故选C。K30题详析考查副词词义辨析。句意：他很快穿
28、上医院之前给他的白大褂并返回站台去救人。A. later 后来;B. further 更进一步地；C. earlier 之前；D. former 以前的。根据 I二文“On July 20, Yu Yifei, a 26-year-old medical intern（实习生）at Peoples Hospital of Zhengzhou, made his way home in a subway train on Line 5 after his first days training.（7 月 20 号的时候,于逸飞, 一名郑州人民医院的实习医生，在经过第一天的培训后正坐5号地铁回家）
29、“可知，白大褂 是医院之前发给他的。故选C。K31题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：一看到他，很多害怕的人受到了鼓舞，并精神振奋。A. gained 获得;B. lifted提升；C. sank卜沉；D. ran跑。根据上半句以及下文“Some even applaudedhim（有人甚至为他鼓掌）”可知，被困的人看到有医生站出来，受到鼓舞精神振奋起来。liftones spirits表示，鼓舞士气,振奋精神”。故选B。K32题详析考杳名词词义辨析。句意：当更多的乘客从水中被救出来时，于指导其他人如何拯救溺 水者。A. platfbmi站台，月台；B.air空气；C. boat船；D. water
30、水。根据上下文可知，乘 客被困住水中，所以是从水中被救出。故选D。K33题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续给那些因冷水而低温休克和溺水而濒临死亡的人做心 肺复苏或者急救。A. stopped停止;B. continued继续：C. explained解释；D. refused拒绝。 根据后半句hose in low-temperature shock from the cold water and near death from drowning.” 可知，于继续救治那些处于极度危险的人。故选B。K34题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：在恢复意识和力气之后，她加入于逸也一起治疗其他人。A. re
31、gaining 重新获得;B. refreshing 使精神抖擞;C. reminding 提醒;D. replacing 代替。根据 空格后“consciousness”可知，这里指她重新恢复意思，所以是重新获得。故选A。K35题详析考杳形容词词义辨析。句意:于逸飞很疲惫，需要把所有的注意力都放在做心肺复苏上。 A. bored 厌烦：B. heartbroken 心碎；C. energetic 精力充沛；D. exhausted 筋疲力尽的。根 据空格后“and needed all his concentration”可知，逸飞很疲惫。故选D。R36题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上
32、，在地铁的站台上，他花了六个小时给那些差一点 被淹死的乘客做心肺复苏。A. wasted浪费：B. needed需要；C. obtained获得； D. spent 花费。spend time doing slh.表示“花费时间做某事”。根据空格后“an exhausting six hours giving CPR”以及句意可知，此处指他花了六个小时给那些差一点被淹死的乘客做心肺复苏。故选 DoR37题详析考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，在地铁的站台上，他花了六个小时给那些差一点 被淹死的乘客做心肺复苏。A.only仅仅；B. obviously明显地；C. narrowly勉强地；D.
33、never 从不，“narrowly survived drowning”表示差一点被淹死。故选C。K38题详析考查动词义辨析。句意：他晚上12点左右的时候才离开车站，向大褂上沾满了淤泥和 血迹。A. left离开；B. approached接近：C. crossed横跨；D. rescued营救。根据上下文可 知，于逸飞一直在车站救人直到12点左右才离开。故选A。题详析X考查名词词义辨析。句意：他晚上12点左右的时候才离开车站，白大褂上沾满了淤泥 和血迹。A. sweat汗水；B. medicine药品；C. mud淤泥;D. tears眼泪。根据上下文可知， 他一直在救助从被水中救出来的人
34、，所以衣服上都是淤泥和血迹。故选C。R40题详析考查介词短语辨析。句意：眼中含泪，他的父亲和在场的人都微笑着向他竖起大拇指。 A. on the air 广播中;B. on the spot 在现场，当场；C. on holiday 度假；D. on board 在车、 飞机、船上。根据句意可知，是所有在场的人为他鼓掌。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)语法填空The beautiful Li River is one of the 41 (famous) tourist destinations, but the 42 (grow) in tourism has had
35、 negative effects on the rivers water quality. This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with it.Water quality in the Li River had suffered 43 (great) from an increasing volume of tourists, many of 44 frequently threw garbage into the river. Ma
36、ny tour boats contributed 45 the problem too. The local population rose rapidly, as well as 46 number of commercial and industrial enterprises. Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river. To feed more people, more chemicals47 (use) toincrease cr
37、op production. These chemicals led to severe water quality issues,48(cause) adecrease in the number of fish species.Finally, a series of urgent steps were taken 49 (restore) the rivers original beauty. It50 (believe) that the beauty of the Li River will be presen ed fbr generations to come.K 答 案41.
38、most famous 42. growth 43. greatly 44. whom 45. to 46. the 47. were used 48. causing 49. to restore 50. is believedK导语工本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美丽的漓江是最著名的旅游Fl的地之一，但旅 游业的发展对漓江的水质产生了负面影响。本文着眼于水污染问题以及已采取的一些措施。R41题详析U考查形容词最高级。句意：美丽的漓江是最著名的旅游目的地之一，但旅游业的发展对 漓江的水质产生了负面影响。结合空格前的“one。可知使用形容词最高级修饰名词短语tourist destination
39、so 故填 most famousoR42题详析考杳名词。句意：美丽的漓江是最著名的旅游目的地之一，但旅游业的发展对漓江的水 质产生了负面影响。结合空格前的the,可知填入名词，在句中作主语，且为不可数名词。 故填 growth oR43题详析考查副词。句意:漓江的水质受到越来越多游客的影响，其中许多人经常向漓江扔垃圾。修饰谓语had suffered用副词greatlyo故填greatlyoK44题详析】考查定语从句引导词。句意：漓江的水质受到越来越多游客的影响，其中许多人经常向 漓江扔垃圾。空格处填入定语从句引导词，和空格前的。f一起构成“介词+关系代词”引导的 非限制性定语从句，先行词是
40、tourists,在介词of后作宾语，指人用whom。故填whom。R45题详析考查介词。句意：许多旅游船也导致了这个问题。本句使用短语contribute to,意为“有 助于，导致故填to。R46题详析考查冠词。句意：当地人口迅速增加，工商企业数量也迅速增加。结合句意可知用the number of,意为”的数量故填the。R47题详析考查时态和语态。句意：为了养活更多的人，使用了更多的化学品来增加作物产量。结 合文章前后文，可知描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语more chemicals是名词复数， 和use之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词使用were。故填were
41、 used。K48题详析考查非谓语动词。句意：这些化学物质导致了严重的水质问题，导致鱼类种类的数量。 句子谓语动词是led to且无连词，空格处填入非谓语动词，These chemicals和cause之间是 主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺其自然的结果。故填causing。K49题详析考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，采取了 系列紧急措施来恢复河流的原始美。结合短语take steps to do sth.“采取措施做某事”,可知空格处填入动词不定式作目的状语。故填to restoreK5()题详析考查时态和语态。句意：人们相信漓江的美丽将世世代代保存下来。句了陈述事实，用 一般现在时,使用
42、句型it is believed that,意为“人们相信”,it和believe之间是被动关系,it 作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语从句。故填is believed。第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51 .假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文 中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均
43、仅限一词；2 .只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I remember there was a time when I get sick easily. When the weathers changed suddenly, I would get a bad cold and headache. Taking medicine was part of my life, what made me weak and annoying. My doctor suggested that I should take physical exercise regular. Since the
44、n I have made a habit to jog in the park near my home. I also play the football with my classmates fbr my spare time. Gradually my health has improved and I feel much fit. As far as I am concerned, it is the physical activities that makes me healthy and happy.R答案 H 1 .get-got3 .weathers*weather4 . w
45、hat which5 .annoyingannoyed6 .regular rcgularly7 .made 后加 it8 .删除play后的the9 .fbr in/during10 fit fitter11 . makesmakeK导语这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者通过体育锻炼变得快乐。K详析H 1.考查时态。句意：我记得有一段时间我很容易生病。根据there was”可知,从句为一般过去时。故get改为got。2 .考查名词的数。句意：当天气突然变化时，我就会患重感冒和头痛。weather为不可 数名词。故weathers改为weather o3 .考查定语从句。句意：吃药是我生活的一部
46、分，它让我虚弱和烦恼。逗号后是非限制 性定语从句，先行词是上文整个句子，从句缺主语，应用关系代词which引导，故what改 为 whicho4 .考查形容词。句意：吃药是我生活的一部分，它让我虚弱和烦恼。表示我烦恼，用cd 结尾的形容词annoyed作宾语补足语。故annoying改为annoyedo5 .考查副词。句意：我的医生建议我定期进行体育锻炼。修饰动词短语take exercise应 用副词作状语。故regular改为regularly.6 .考查代词。句意：从那以后，我养成了在家附近公园慢跑的习惯。make +it+to do sth 是固定句型，it作形式宾语。故made后加i
47、t。7 .考查关系。句意：在业余时间我还和同学一起踢足球。“play+球类”，不加任何冠词。 故删除play后的the。8 .考查介词。句意：在业余时间我还和同学一起踢足球。在业余时间为“in/during one、 spare time”。故 for 改为 in/duringo9 .考杳比较级。句意：渐渐地，我的健康状况有所改善，我觉得健康多了。根据句意以 及much可知，用形容词比较级作表语。故正改为fitter。10 .考查主谓一致。句意：在我看来，是体育活动使我健康快乐。此处为强调句，强调部 分the physical activities是句子主语，陈述客观事实，且主语是复数，谓语动词应用原形。故 makes 改为 make。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请在天赋、奋斗和热爱中，选一个你认为最有可能带 来成功的因素并结合个人经历写篇英语文章参赛，内容包括：1 .你的选择；2 .选择的原因；3 .个人经历。注意：destinations fbr a November trip. This tiny city has a temperature of 17 or so and has changed itself into a year-round city b