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1、被动语态(一)一般现在时的被动语态：在英语中,动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。在下列情况中需用被动语态:(1) 只需强调动作的承受者时;(2) 不是动作的执行者时；(3) 没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，动作的执行者一般由 by引出或省略。构成:被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成;be 有人称、数和时态的变化。一般现在时的被动语态结构如下:(1) 肯定句:主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+其他。如：Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.
2、世界上越来越多的人说汉语。(2)否定句:主语+am/is/are+not+及物动词的过去分词+其他。如：My car is not washed every day.我的车不是每天都清洗。(4) 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他?肯定回答为:Yes，主语+am/is/ are.;否定回答为:No，主语+am/is/are not.。如:-Are you allowed to hang out with your friends on Sundays?-Yes,I am./No,I am not.-在周日,你被允许和朋友闲逛吗? -是的,我可以。/不,我不可以。(5
3、) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?如: How is the paper cutting made?剪纸是如何做出来的?【专项练习】一 用所给词的适当形式填空（每小题1分；共5分）1. Dont discuss the problem with your partner unless you _(ask) to do.2. I wont leave my office until my work_(finish).3. This kind of cotton _(produce) in Xinjiang. Many clothes are made from it.4. -Why are
4、 there so many people in the restaurant?-It starts business today and the drinks _(offer) for free.5. My car _(wash) by my father all the time.二 单项选择（每小题1分；共16分）1. Students do less homework now. Usually it _ before 9 oclock in the evening.A. finishesB. finishedC. is finished D. was finished2. Now sm
5、art phones_in many ways in our daily life.A. are used B. is usedC. are using D. use3. The pet dog is warm and loving. It_as a daughter of my family.A. treats B. treated C. is treated D. was treated4. (2022北京)On our farm,the tea leaves _by hand when they are ready.A.pickB. picked C. are pickedD. were
6、 picked5. (2022贵港)-People_to take their temperatures before they go into the supermarket during the COVID-19 pandemic(新冠疫情). -I think its a good way to protect ourselves.A. are asking B. are asked C. asked D. ask6. (2022凉山州改编)With double reduction policy(双减政策),students_ less homework now so that the
7、y have enough time to take part in more activities.A. will giveB.were given C. are given D.given7. -Mom,I feel a little bit hungry now.-These cakes_with chocolate.Have some,please.A. fillB. are filledC. filled D. are filling8. (2022百色)Chinese_by more and more people in the world.A. speak B.speaks C.
8、 is speakingD. is spoken9. -Many DIY cards_ to mothers on Mothers Day every year.-How creative!A.is sending B. are sending C. is sentD. are sent10. Now teenagers _to do voluntary work for their local communities.A.are encouragedB.were encouraged C.have encouragedD. are encouraging11. (2022铜仁)-Mum, c
9、ould I watch the movie The Battle at Changjin Lake tonight? -Of course, if your homework_.A. finishesB.finishedC.was finished D. is finished12. Chinese astronaut _as heroes. We all look up to them.A. Are regarded B. regard C.regarded D.were regarded13. The tea in Yunnan is Yunnan is so famous that i
10、t _ to places across the world every day.A. sends B.sent C.is sent D.will be sent14. -More and more high-technology products _ in China. -Yes. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.A. is making B.are making C.is made D.are made15.(2022天津)A lot of birds _in nature parks every year.A. protect
11、B. is protected C.are protectedD. protected16.(2022河北)-Mmm. Delicious. What is it?-It_zongzi,Tony. Its a traditional food in China.A. calls B. is called C. called D. was called被动语态(二)本单元主要介绍一般过去时的被动语态,其肯定式、否定式及疑问式如下：is+ done1. 肯定式:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+其他。如:1am/is/are+doneA letter was written by her
12、 last night.昨晚她写了一封信。These sweaters were made by my mother last month.这些毛衣是我妈妈上个月织的。2. 否定式:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词+其他。如：The stamp wasnt given to her by her pen pal yesterday. It was given by her classmate.这张邮票不是她的笔友昨天给她的,而是她的同学给的。Those books werent put away by Jim. They were put away by Lucy.那些书不是
13、吉姆收起来的,而是露西收起来的。3. 疑问式:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他?如:Was your work finished last weekend?上周末你完成工作了吗?Were the windows broken an hour ago?窗户是一个小时前打碎的吗?【专项练习】一 用所给单词的适当形式填空（每小题1分）1. He _(catch) by the police because he stole money from the stores.2. Jack_invited(not invite) to Toms birthday party yesterda
14、y.3. These shoes with foreign brands were _(make) in Chinese factories last year.4. Was the Great Wall _ (build) by Chinese people long time ago?5. What was she _(ask) to do by her mother just now?6. One of the most famous Marvel heroic character -Spiderman- _(create)in 1962.7. Many classes were_(te
15、ach)by teachers online during COVID-19.二单项选择（每小题1分）1.UNICFF,part of the United Nations,in Europe in 1946 afterWorld War.A. set up B. was set up C. took upD. was taken up2.(2022福建改编)Last month, the little girl _well enough by the neighbors while her parents were volunteering.A. is cared for B. was ca
16、red forC. will be cared forD. cared for3.When I was young, I_by my grandparents.A. look after B. looked after C.am looked afterD. was looked after4.(2022海南改编)Few students could understand the sentence until it_by Miss Chen.A. explainedB.was explainedC. was explainingD. explains5(2022镇江)Its a long ti
17、me!I cant remember when this picture_in Jinshan park. A. was taken B. takes C. is takenD. took6(2022朝阳)Its said that tea_by accident about five thousand years ago.A. was inventedB. is invented C. will be inventedD. were invented(2022徐州)Iby aliens on my way_home the other day.Do you believe me?A.have
18、 attackedB. was attackedC. was attackingD. am attacked8(2022雅安)The 24th Winter Olympic Games_in February,2022,Beijing.A.HoldB. held C.is heldD. was held9(2022 贺州)After the boys homework_,he went out to play.A.finishedB. finishesC. was finishedD.is finished10(2022毕节)The Forbidden city(紫禁城),the larges
19、t palace in the world,_more than 600 years ago.A.builtB. were builtC. was builtD. was building被动语态(三)本单元主要介绍含有情态动词的被动语态，其肯定式、否定式及疑问式如下:1.肯定式:主语+情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他.。如:An umbrella must be taken with him.他必须带一把伞。The dog may be fed three times every day.可以每天给这条狗喂食三次。2. 否定式:主语+情态动词+not+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他.
20、。如:The game mustnt be played in the water.不能在水里玩这个游戏。These movies shouldnt be watched by teenagers.青少年不应该观看这些电影3.疑问式:情态动词+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他?如:Must papers be handed in now?现在必须交卷吗?Can cars be parked near here?能在这附近停车吗?【专项练习】I.用所给词的适当形式填空（每小题1分）1Teens should_(educate) to be polite to the elderly.2.Th
21、e problem can_(work) out by my brother easily.3.More trees must_(plant)to protect the environment.4.These books shouldnt_(put)on the floor.5. A dictionary can _(use)in the exam by us.6 .For childrens development, their courses on weekends should _(cut) down.单项选择（每小题1分）-How often do I need to feed th
22、e dog?-It _ food every day,or it will be hungry.A. must give B. must be giveC. must gave D. must be given2 Dont put off todays work till tomorrow.I mean,todays work_today.A. may doB. must doC. may be doneD. must be done3.(2022泸州)As teenagers, we are not allowed_ mobile phones into school so that we
23、can focus on our schoolwork.A.bringB.to bringC. bringingD. brought4.-The traffic is too busy. We have to drive slowly.-I think more new roads_in our city.A. should be builtB.should build C. have builtD. build5.-Tom is always careless with his schoolwork.Could you help him?-No problem! I think he_to
24、thinktwice before starting.A. should be toldB.can tell C. should tell D. can be telling6.I think children should _ to take care of themselves from an early age so that they can deal with problems by themselves in the future.A. educateB. be educated C. be educatingD. have educated7.-Can you go to the
25、 movies with me tonight? -I have to ask my mom. If I_, I will go with you.A.allowB. allowedC. am allowedD. was allowed8. The computer games must _at once. Its really bad for your study.A. be turning offB. turn offC. be turned offD. turned off9 When you go abroad, youll find many products in shops _i
26、n China.A.makeB. have madeC.are madeD. making10 The dictionary may_for three weeks.A. keepB.be kept C.borrowD.be borrowed11.A lot of stars_in the sky at night in summer.A.can be seenB.can see C. is seenD. might see12.-Whats the meaning of the activity “Lets Save”?-Paper shouldnt_in everyday life.A.waste B. wasted C. be wasted D. is wasted学科网（北京）股份有限公司