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1、,Grammar The Passive Voice,被动语态,Our classroom is cleaned by usevery day.,We clean our classroom every day.,一、判断:是主动语态还是被动语态,Active Voice,Passive Voice,1.We plant many trees every year.,2. People kill the animals for meat.,主动语态,主动语态,被动语态,被动语态,3. Chinese is spoken by many people.,4. Milk is liked by t
2、he children.,判断方法：,2. 当主语是动作的执行者时, 为主动语态; 当主语是动作的承受者时, 为被动语态。,1. 找动作 (谓语动词),二、被动语态的基本结构为: + （及物动词）,1.Chinese is spoken by many people.,2. Milk is liked by the children.,be,P.P.,被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态有人称、时态和数的变化, 其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。,1.Many trees are planted by us every year.,3. Are the flower
3、s often watered?,2.Her homework isnt done by Lucy.,am/is/are + P.P.,一般现在时的被动语态：,4.I am often helped by him in English.,1. Many trees were planted last year.,2. The photo wasnt taken in 2000.,3. Was your homework finished?,一般过去时的被动语态：,was/were + P.P.,1.My teacher will be invited to the party.,2.His h
4、omework wont be finished at once.,3. Will you be allowed to play games soon?,一般将来时的被动语态：,will be + P.P.,1.The classroom must be cleaned every day.,2.His bike cant be mended by Mr. Li.,3.Should the flowers be watered often?,情态动词 + be + P.P.,情态动词的被动语态：,Three bridges have been built since last year.,现在
5、完成时的被动语态：have / has + been + P.P.,Her homework is being done now.,现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are + being + P.P.,An English class was being had at this time yesterday.,过去进行时的被动语态：was/were + being + P.P.,1.一般现在时 2.一般过去时 3.一般将来时 4.现在进行时 5.过去进行时 6.现在完成时 7.情态动词,am/is/ are + P.P.,was/were + P.P.,will +be+ P.P.,am
6、/is/ are +being + P.P.,was/ were +being + P.P.,have/has +been + P.P.,情态动词+ be + P.P.,各种时态的被动语态,中考常考的被动语态,A knife _ used to cut apples. 2. The rooms _cleaned later.3. The students _ asked to have breakfast just now. 4.They_ encouraged to study hard in the past.5. Not only he but also I _ punished las
7、t night.6. The homework must _ finished at five.,练习: I. 用be动词的正确形式填空.,is,will be,were,was,be,观察:be动词有_,_和 _的变化.,人称,时态,数,were,II. 用所给词的正确形式填空1. Too much water _ by him every day. (drink)2. Five apples _ by Tom yesterday. (eat)3. The car cant _here.(stop)4. She _ by her father if she doesnt finish her
8、 homework.(hit)5. Many trees should _ by us every year. (plant),is drunk,were eaten,will be hit,be planted,be stopped,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,He,cleans,his room,every day.,is cleaned,by him,He cleans his room every day.,His room _ _ by him every day.,is cleaned,主语,谓语,宾语,I washed bowls yesterday.,主,谓,宾,Bowls,
9、were washed,by,me,yesterday.,主,谓,宾,She will finish the work soon. 主 谓 宾,The work 主,总结:,主语,be+ P.P,by +宾语,(主格变宾格),(宾格变主格),will be finished 谓,by her 宾,soon. ,把主动语态改为被动语态可按“_、_、_ ”来进行。即： 变: 把主动语态的宾语改为被动语 态的主语，把主动语态的主语改 为被动语态的介词by的宾语。套: 根据原句的时态套用相应时态。注意: 注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一 致问题。,一变,二套,三注意,宾改主，主改宾人称时态要一致,They
10、 play football after school.2. Students listen to the teacher carefully.,Football _ _ by them after school.,The teacher _ _ to carefully by students.,把下列的主动句变为被动句。,is played,is listened,3.We planted many trees last year.,4. We will build a new library. A new library _ _ _ by us.,Many trees _ _ by us
11、 last year.,were planted,will be built,5. She must look after her son.,Her son _ _ _ after by her.,must be looked,6. He didnt clean the classroom. 7. Does his brother wash the bowls every day .,The classroom_ by him.,_the bowls_by his brother every day.,wasnt cleaned,Are,washed,四、被动句的各种句式变化,1. Tea i
12、s produced by hand in China.,(否)Tea _ _ by hand ,isnt produced,(一般) _tea _ by hand?,Is produced,(回答)Yes, _ _. No, _ _.,it is,it isnt,(对by hand 提问) _ _ tea produced in China?,How is,(对in China提问) _ _ tea produced by hand?,Where is,2. Tea leaves are picked by hand.,_ _ tea leaves picked ?,How are,3. T
13、he shirt is made of cotton.,_ _ the shirt made of?,What is,4. My sweater is made by my mother.,_ _ your sweater made by?,Who(m) is,By _ _ your sweater made ?,whom is,5.We dont speak Japanese at school. (被动语态) Japanese _ _ by us at school.6.The desk is made by Tom.(主动语态) Tom _ the desk. 7. Its made i
14、n China,_ _?(反问句)8. Hes caught the thief, _ _?9.Tom, be, by, the model plane, make （连词成句）,isnt,spoken,makes,isnt,it,hasnt,he,The model plane is made by Tom.,总结: 在以下几种情况只能用被动语态 1. 强调动作的承受者. 2. 不知道谁是动作的执行者 (by短语被省略). 3. 没必要指出动作的执行者.,五、被动语态的用法:,1. The old man is ill. He must _ to the hospital. Call 120
15、 at once. (send)2. The book _by Lu Xun in 1920. ( write)3. All the machines _ in China. (make)4. The hospital _ next year. (build),be sent,was written,are made,will be built,你会填空吗？,2.根据标志词确定时态,3.正确构成各种语态和时态,1.判断用主动还是被动？,A.缺宾语B.有by短语C.主语是承受者,( )1. The boy is cried.( )2. The work are finished.( )3. Wa
16、ste paper cant throw about.( )4. Did your cup broken by your sister just now?( )5. Were you tell when to meet? ( )6.The sick boy took to the hospital by the police yesterday.,F,F,F,F,F,F,is crying.,is,be thrown .,你会找茬吗？,was taken,Was,told,Summary: The Passive Voice,二、何时用被动语态,三、被动语态的基本结构为: be + P.P.,
17、四、主动语态变被动语态的方法,五、被动句的各种句式变化,一、如何判断主动还是被动,(2015) 37. How clean your car is! Thank you. It _ very often. A. is washed B. washes C. was washedD. washed,历届中考重庆试题小试身手,(2013) 33. A lot of trees _ around here every year, and we can enjoy fresher air now. A. were planted B. are planted C. will plant D. are
18、planting,A,B,(2011) 32. Im glad to find that many trees _ in our city last year. A. plant B. planted C. were plantedD. are planted,(2010) 68. More and more people speak Chinese in the world. (被动语态) Chinese _ _ by more and more people in the world.,C,is spoken,(2009) 35. Waste paper shouldnt _ everyw
19、here. Its our duty to keep our city clean. A. be thrown B. throw C. is thrown D. are thrown,(2008) 69. More and more foreigners speak Chinese in the world now. （改为被动语态） Chinese_ _ by more and more foreigners in the world now.,A,is spoken,1. 明年我校还要修一幢新教学楼。 Another new teaching building _ _ _ in our s
20、chool next year.2. 中国南方种水稻。 Rice _ _ in South China.3. 昨天爸爸给你买了一辆自行车。 A bike _ _ for you by your father yesterday.,will,be,built,is,grown,was,bought,1.她受到了帮助.2.每天要用很多水.3. 去年山上种了很多树.,She was helped.,A lot of water is used every day.,Many trees were planted on the hilllast year.,Exercises,1. This kind
21、 of book cant _out of the library.(take)2. He _to play computer games last night. (allow)3. The boy _often _ not to go to the net bar.(tell)4. He _ (ask) to the party last Sunday, but he didnt go there.5. If your homework _ (not finish), you mustnt _(go)out.6. _ rice _ in the south?(grow),be taken,w
22、as allowed,is told,was asked,isnt finished,go,Is grown,其他省市历届中考试题小试身手,1. What a nice garden! It _ every day. A. is cleaning B. has cleaned C. must clean D. is cleaned 2. The computers _ to the village school as presents last month. A. are given B. given C. were given D. gave,3. Can you tell me whom
23、the play _ in 1998? A. was written by B. was written C. is written by D. is written4. The letter is _ in French. I cant read it. A. writing B. written C. wrote D. writes,5. When _this kind of computer _? Last year. A. did, use B. was, used C. is, used D. are, used6. Li Feng has got a bike. He _ it f
24、or nearly two years. It _ in Tian Jin. A. bought, made B. has had, was made C. borrow , was made D. has sold , is made,7. Thousands of trees over the mountains _ by the farmers last year. A. planted B. was planted C. were planted D. will plant8. Our teacher often says the old should _. A. be spoken
25、politely B. be spoken to politely C. be spoken polite D. be spoken to polite,speak to sb. politely,sb. be spoken to politely,9. The medicine_ in a dry and cool place A. keep B. must be keep C. must be kept D. must keep10.This dictionary mustnt_ from the library A. take away B. taken away C. are take
26、n away D. be taken away,11. Look at the sign on the right. Oh, parking _here. A. doesnt allow B. isnt allowedC. didnt allow D. wasnt allowed12. Did you go to Sams weekend party? No, I _.A. am not invited B. wasnt invitedC. havent invited D. didnt invited,13. The telephone _ by Alexander Graham Bell
27、in 1876. A. was invented B. is invented C. has been invented D. will be invented14. Last year, Li Hua, a college student, _ to work for the Olympic Games. A. is choosing B. is chosen C. was choosing D. was chosen,15. I want to be a Chinese teacher when I grow up. Thats great. Chinese teachers _ in C
28、hina and some foreign countries. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need,16. More and more people have realized we wont have cleaner water to drink unless something _ soon. A. was done B. will be done C. to be done D. is done,17. English _ in many countries, but Chinese_ their own language
29、. A. is spoken, speaks B. speaks, is spoken C. is spoken, is spoken D. is spoken, speak,18. The skirt looks different from others and it is nice. Thanks. It _ by my mother last month. A. made B. is made C. has been made D. was made19. The children _ to swim last month and they can swim very well now. A. are taught B. were taught C. have taught D. taught,